Abstract: The present invention relates to Trojan antigens, and immunogenic compositions comprising the Trojan antigens. The present invention also relates to methods of generating an immune response in a subject using the Trojan antigens or immunogenic compositions. The present invention further relates to methods of treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) using the Trojan antigens and immunogenic compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: The invention features methods of diagnosis by assessing B7-H1 expression in a tissue from a subject that has, or is suspected of having, cancer, methods of treatment with agents that interfere with B7-H1-receptor interaction, methods of selecting candidate subjects likely to benefit from cancer immunotherapy, and methods of inhibiting expression of B7-H1.

Abstract: This invention features methods of enhancing immune responses in mammalian subjects and in vitro methods of enhancing the response of a T cell. Also embodied by the invention are methods of receiving and preventing the induction of energy in T cells.

Abstract: IVIG replacement compounds are derived from recombinant and/or biochemical creation of immunologically active biomimetic(s). These replacement compounds are then screened in vitro to assess each replacements compound's efficiency at modulating immune function. Particular replacement compounds are selected for further in vivo validation and dosage/administration optimization. Finally, the replacement compounds are used to treat a wide range of diseases, including inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: The invention features methods of enhancing the responsiveness of a T cell. Such methods involve interfering with the interaction between a T cell and a B7-H1 molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Trojan antigens, and immunogenic compositions comprising the Trojan antigens. The present invention also relates to methods of generating an immune response in a subject using the Trojan antigens or immunogenic compositions. The present invention further relates to methods of treating squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) using the Trojan antigens and immunogenic compositions of the present invention.

Abstract: This invention features methods of enhancing immune responses in mammalian subjects and in vitro methods of enhancing the response of a T cell. Also embodied by the invention are methods of receiving and preventing the induction of energy in T cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for eliciting an effective immune response against a weakly immunogenic disease or for priming T cells to become memory T cells against a weakly immunogenic disease by directly vaccinating into the bone marrow of the patient an antigen associated with the weakly immunogenic disease. Also included in the present invention is an isolated population of human memory CD8+ T cells from the bone marrow which is in a heightened activation state with a unique effector phenotype.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of removing B7-H1-specific antibodies from a body fluid (e.g., blood), methods of diagnosing and treating diseases and pathological conditions mediated by activated T cells, methods for screening for compounds that inhibit binding of a B7-H1-specific antibody to B7-H1, and methods of designing compounds that inhibit binding of a B7-H1-specific antibody to B7-H1.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of removing B7-H1-specific antibodies from a body fluid (e.g., blood), methods of diagnosing and treating diseases and pathological conditions mediated by activated T cells, methods for screening for compounds that inhibit binding of a B7-H1-specific antibody to B7-H1, and methods of designing compounds that inhibit binding of a B7-H1-specific antibody to B7-H1.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for inducing stimulation of muscles within the mouth. The apparatus includes a housing having a controller. A muscular contact member extends from the housing and is configured to contact muscles within the mouth, including for example the palate and the tongue. A vibrating device cooperates with the controller and muscular contact member to transmit vibration to the muscular contact member and in turn to muscles within the mouth. In the system, such an apparatus is provided that is rechargeable. A storage base receives the rechargeable apparatus when it is not in use and includes a battery charger. The storage base also optionally includes disinfecting means for cleaning the muscular contact member.

Abstract: The invention features methods of enhancing the responsiveness of a T cell. Such methods involve interfering with the interaction between a T cell and a B7-H1 molecule.

Abstract: An apparatus and system for inducing stimulation of muscles within the mouth. The apparatus includes a housing having a controller. A muscular contact member extends from the housing and is configured to contact muscles within the mouth, including for example the palate and the tongue. A vibrating device cooperates with the controller and muscular contact member to transmit vibration to the muscular contact member and in turn to muscles within the mouth. In the system, such an apparatus is provided that is rechargeable. A storage base receives the rechargeable apparatus when it is not in use and includes a battery charger. The storage base also optionally includes disinfecting means for cleaning the muscular contact member.

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes a hollow handle having an end slot and a side slot and a blade carrier securable to a scalpel blade and moveable between first and second positions relative to the handle. One of the first and second positions is an extended, in-use position wherein the scalpel blade extends out of the handle through the end slot. The other position is a retracted, non-use position wherein the scalpel blade is wholly disposed within the handle. At least one finger extends from the blade carrier and has a first contoured portion engageable, when the blade carrier is in the first position, with a second contoured portion of the handle. The first and second contoured portions are substantially complementary such that the finger must deflect to permit disengagement of the first contoured portion of the finger from the second contoured portion of the handle so that the blade carrier can be moved from the first position toward the second position.