Abstract: A centrifugal pump impellor includes balancing holes that reduce axial thrust while minimizing the loss of pump efficiency. In one general aspect, the balancing holes penetrate the rear shroud between the blades, and are angled in both axial and rotational directions so as to direct the leakage fluid approximately parallel to the primary process fluid, so that it causes minimal interference with the primary fluid flow. In a second general aspect, the balancing holes extend from the rear cavity within the impellor blades and through the leading edges of the blades, thereby entering the primary flow in locations where the process fluid is almost static relative to the blades. This minimizes the impact on the flow of the process fluid past the blades, and thereby minimizes the loss of pump efficiency caused by the balance holes. In embodiments, each blade leading edge includes a plurality of balancing hole outlets.

Abstract: A garment comprising a cover having a lower edge attached substantially to the circumference of a neck of the garment and an upper edge that is attached to a hat. The cover having an opening for the wearer's face has a secure fitting around the wearer's head when the hat is worn by the wearer, thereby preventing wind and cold from reaching the wearer's neck and sides of the face and head and improving the wearer's peripheral vision.