Abstract: A system for dynamic flight tracking of an aircraft comprises a ground center configured to communicate with a flight tracking application onboard an aircraft, wherein the flight tracking application is preloaded with default flight tracking preferences comprising a normal time rate interval for sending normal condition position reports to the ground center when a flight condition is normal; abnormal time rate intervals for sending abnormal condition position reports to the ground center when abnormal flight conditions are detected, with the abnormal time rate intervals less than the normal time rate interval; and abnormal flight condition criteria to determine which aircraft conditions to monitor for detecting abnormal flight conditions.

Abstract: A system for dynamic flight tracking of an aircraft comprises a ground center configured to communicate with a flight tracking application onboard an aircraft, wherein the flight tracking application is preloaded with default flight tracking preferences comprising a normal time rate interval for sending normal condition position reports to the ground center when a flight condition is normal; abnormal time rate intervals for sending abnormal condition position reports to the ground center when abnormal flight conditions are detected, with the abnormal time rate intervals less than the normal time rate interval; and abnormal flight condition criteria to determine which aircraft conditions to monitor for detecting abnormal flight conditions.

Abstract: An avionics system includes a human-machine interface (HMI), wherein the HMI includes a display device that displays information to an operator and an input device that receives input from an operator; a storage device that stores master air traffic control (ATC) center data; a memory device that stores separately loaded ATC center data and hard-coded ATC center data, and a processing device communicatively coupled to the HMI, the storage device and the memory device. The processing device compares the separately loaded ATC center data with the hard-coded ATC center data; requests operator validation of changes between the separately loaded ATC center data and the hard-coded ATC center data using the HMI; and updates the master ATC center data when the operator validates the changes between the separately loaded ATC center data and the hard-coded ATC center data.

Abstract: An avionics system includes a human-machine interface (HMI), wherein the HMI includes a display device that displays information to an operator and an input device that receives input from an operator; a storage device that stores master air traffic control (ATC) center data; a memory device that stores separately loaded ATC center data and hard-coded ATC center data, and a processing device communicatively coupled to the HMI, the storage device and the memory device. The processing device compares the separately loaded ATC center data with the hard-coded ATC center data; requests operator validation of changes between the separately loaded ATC center data and the hard-coded ATC center data using the HMI; and updates the master ATC center data when the operator validates the changes between the separately loaded ATC center data and the hard-coded ATC center data.

Abstract: A seal for pipe couplings and a method of connecting pipe elements. The seal has an elastic ring surrounding a rigid ring. The elastic ring has side portions connected by a recessed center portion. The recessed center portion has a diameter no greater than the final diameter of the elastic ring in its deformed shape which effects a fluid tight joint. The seal is positioned between segments of a pipe coupling. Pipe elements are inserted into the elastic ring against the rigid ring from opposite sides of the coupling. The segments are drawn toward one another by fasteners, compressing the side portions and effecting the fluid tight joint.

Abstract: A seal for pipe couplings and a method of connecting pipe elements. The seal has an elastic ring surrounding a rigid ring. The elastic ring has side portions connected by a recessed center portion. The recessed center portion has a diameter no greater than the final diameter of the elastic ring in its deformed shape which effects a fluid tight joint. The seal is positioned between segments of a pipe coupling. Pipe elements are inserted into the elastic ring against the rigid ring from opposite sides of the coupling. The segments are drawn toward one another by fasteners, compressing the side portions and effecting the fluid tight joint.

Abstract: A coupling for joining pipe elements in end to end relation is disclosed. The coupling includes interconnectable coupling segments having connection members at opposite ends. The connection members are tightenable for drawing the segments toward one another and into engagement with the pipe elements. Each segment has a concavity positioned between inwardly projecting arcuate surfaces that engage grooves in the pipe elements. The concavities house a sealing member that extends circumferentially around the pipe elements. Angularly oriented surfaces are positioned adjacent to the connection members. The surfaces on facing segments engage one another and cause the segments to rotate in opposite directions about an axis perpendicular to the pipe elements. The concavities are angularly oriented with respect to the axis so that when the segments rotate, the cavities receive the sealing member without distorting it. A method of joining pipe elements end to end is also disclosed.