Abstract: Reactor systems, reactor coolant systems, and associated processes for polymerizing polyolefins are described. The reactor systems generally include a reactor pipe and a coolant system, in which the coolant system includes a jacket pipe surrounding at least a portion of the reactor pipe to form an annulus therebetween, at least one spacer coupling the jacket to the reactor pipe, and a coolant which flows through the annulus to remove heat from the reactor pipe. At least one of the external surface of the reactor pipe, the internal surface of the jacket, and at least one spacer, are independently modified, for example by polishing, coating, or reshaping, to reduce the fluid resistance of the coolant flow through the annulus.

Abstract: Determining when to perform preventative maintenance is an important consideration for maximizing the revenue of a wind turbine. For example, performing preventative maintenance may be cheaper than replacing turbine components when they fail. When determining to perform preventative maintenance, a maintenance scheduler may consider multiple factors. These factors may include the probability of failure, the predicted price of energy, predicted wind power production, resource constraints, and the like. Specifically, the maintenance scheduler may predict the future values of these factors which are then integrated into a net present value (NPV) for each of the components. Based on the respective NPVs, the maintenance scheduler may determine which maintenance actions to perform and in what order.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and a computer-readable medium are provided for a set of business rules during runtime of a software application program in a computer system. During runtime of a software application, a current rule is specified for a set of business rules. Then, one or more conditions are defined for the current rule. A condition is a decision based on data made available to the software application. Next, one or more actions for each condition are defined for the current rule. Next, each condition is linked with an action to define a business rule. The aforementioned steps are then repeated until the set of business rules have been defined. By defining the business rules during runtime, rules may be defined for a variety of application programs without programming. After the business rules have been defined, they may be.evaluated during runtime of a software application program in a computer system.