Abstract: A heat exchanger for use in an outdoor environment with a heat pump system is provided. The heat exchanger includes a first set of tubes arranged in a parallel flow manner between a first manifold and a second manifold, wherein central straight portions of adjacent tubes are disposed with a space therebetween along each tube of the first set of tube between the first and second manifolds. A second set of tubes are arranged in a parallel flow manner between a third manifold and a fourth manifold, wherein central straight portions of adjacent tubes within the second set of tubes are at least partially disposed within the space between adjacent tubes of the first set of tubes. A fluid that flows through the first set of tubes additionally flows through the second set of tubes before the fluid returns to again flow through the first set of tubes.

Abstract: Energy parameters for electrical stimulation pulses that produce a desired activation, and avoid an undesirable activation, are determined. A strength-duration relationship for at least one desired activation produced by therapeutic electrical stimulation is measured. A strength-duration relationship for at least one undesirable activation produced by the therapeutic electrical stimulation is provided. A medical device selects, based on the desired and undesirable strength-duration relationships, one or more energy parameters for the therapeutic electrical stimulation that produce the desired activation and avoid the undesirable activation.

Abstract: A method of using an implantable medical device (IMD) to monitor a ventricular contraction rate of a subject, monitor an atrial contraction rate of the subject, declare tachyarrhythmia if the ventricular contraction rate exceeds the atrial contraction rate, and declare a slow tachyarrhythmia when the ventricular rate exceeds the atrial rate and the ventricular rate is less than a specified maximum pacing rate.

Abstract: A method of using an implantable medical device (IMD) comprising monitoring a ventricular contraction rate of a subject, monitoring an atrial contraction rate of the subject, declaring tachyarrhythmia if the ventricular contraction rate exceeds the atrial contraction rate, and declaring a slow tachyarrhythmia when the ventricular rate is less than a specified tachyarrhythmia detection rate.

Abstract: A system including an implantable medical device (IMD). The IMD includes a ventricular contraction sensing circuit that provides a sensed ventricular contraction signal, a timer circuit that provides a ventricular time interval between ventricular contractions, and a controller circuit coupled to the timer circuit, the controller circuit determines the ventricular contraction rate using the ventricular time interval. The controller circuit further includes a tachyarrhythmia detection module that declares tachyarrhythmia, in response to detecting a sudden rate increase, without comparing a ventricular rate or time interval to a respective tachyarrhythmia detection rate or time interval threshold.

Abstract: Approaches for determining energy parameters for electrical stimulation pulses that produce a desired activation and avoid an undesirable activation are described. A strength-duration relationship for at least one desired activation produced by therapeutic electrical stimulation is measured. A strength-duration relationship for at least one undesirable activation produced by the therapeutic electrical stimulation is provided. A medical device selects, based on the desired and undesirable strength-duration relationships, one or more energy parameters for the therapeutic electrical stimulation that produce the desired activation and avoid the undesirable activation.

Abstract: A system including an implantable medical device (IMD). The IMD includes a ventricular contraction sensing circuit that provides a sensed ventricular contraction signal, a timer circuit that provides a ventricular time interval between ventricular contractions, and a controller circuit coupled to the timer circuit, the controller circuit determines the ventricular contraction rate using the ventricular time interval. The controller circuit further includes a tachyarrhythmia detection module that declares tachyarrhythmia, in response to detecting a sudden rate increase, without comparing a ventricular rate or time interval to a respective tachyarrhythmia detection rate or time interval threshold.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program for facilitating the operation of a control system utilizing one or more input devices is disclosed. The control system provides the ability to monitor and modify operating parameters of the input devices. A function integrated within a software code is to be executed by the control system. The function is responsive to the input device. The input device includes at least one condition comprising a state wherein all of the conditions must be met prior to the execution of the function. A display of an unmet condition is exhibited to operator personnel of the control system during the execution of any function having an unmet condition prohibiting the execution of the function. The operator personnel is capable of overriding the unmet condition by selecting the state of the condition that allows the condition to be met, thus allowing the function to be executed. A maintenance log contains a record of the conditions that were bypassed or overridden.

Abstract: A system, method and computer program for facilitating the operation of a control system utilizing one or more input devices is disclosed. The control system provides the ability to monitor and modify operating parameters of the input devices. A function integrated within a software code is to be executed by the control system. The function is responsive to the input device. The input device includes at least one condition comprising a state wherein all of the conditions must be met prior to the execution of the function. A display of an unmet condition is exhibited to operator personnel of the control system during the execution of any function having an unmet condition prohibiting the execution of the function. The operator personnel is capable of overriding the unmet condition by selecting the state of the condition that allows the condition to be met, thus allowing the function to be executed. A maintenance log contains a record of the conditions that were bypassed or overridden.