Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a sensor grid with sensor leads extending through tube restraints for heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger. The tube restraint includes a body having a plurality of tube openings defined therein with each tube opening receiving one heat exchange tube of the set of heat exchange tubes therethrough. The body also includes a sensor lead opening defined therein to receive a sensor lead therethrough. Each tube opening has a larger dimension than the sensor lead opening. The sensor grid is installed during manufacture rather than in the field, allowing the sensor grid to be on outermost and inner sets of heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a casing configured to direct a working fluid therethrough, and at least one heat exchanger (HE) section in the casing. Each HE section includes a pair of spaced supports. The spaced supports include: an upstream support and a downstream support with at least one of them including a coolant carrying body configured to direct a coolant therethrough. A first cross-support couples to and extends between respective upstream and downstream supports; and at least one second cross-support couples to and extends between the respective upstream and downstream supports. Cross-supports are vertically distanced from adjacent cross-supports. A plurality of tube positioners coupled to each cross-support position a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending across a working fluid path through the casing. The tube positioners and the cooling of the cross-supports allows ferritic material to be used for once-through, duct-fired HRSGs.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a sensor grid with sensor leads extending through tube restraints for heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger. The tube restraint includes a body having a plurality of tube openings defined therein with each tube opening receiving one heat exchange tube of the set of heat exchange tubes therethrough. The body also includes a sensor lead opening defined therein to receive a sensor lead therethrough. Each tube opening has a larger dimension than the sensor lead opening. The sensor grid is installed during manufacture rather than in the field, allowing the sensor grid to be on outermost and inner sets of hea exchange tubes in the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a casing configured to direct a working fluid therethrough, and at least one heat exchanger (HE) section in the casing. Each HE section includes a pair of spaced supports. The spaced supports include: an upstream support and a downstream support with at least one of them including a coolant carrying body configured to direct a coolant therethrough. A first cross-support couples to and extends between respective upstream and downstream supports; and at least one second cross-support couples to and extends between the respective upstream and downstream supports. Cross-supports are vertically distanced from adjacent cross-supports. A plurality of tube positioners coupled to each cross-support position a plurality of heat exchange tubes extending across a working fluid path through the casing. The tube positioners and the cooling of the cross-supports allows ferritic material to be used for once-through, duct-fired HRSGs.

Abstract: A tube includes a center tube comprising a steel material, a fluid flowing through the center tube; and at least one disk disposed around the center tube, the disk including a thermally conductive material and exposed to an external heat source. The disk conducts heat from the external heat source into the center tube. The center tube transfers the heat from the external heat source into the fluid. The thermal conductivity of the at least one disk is higher than the thermal conductivity of the center tube.

Abstract: Heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) including bypass conduits for reducing fatigue and/or stress experienced by components within the HRSGs are disclosed. The HRSG may include a steam generator module generating steam, and a first superheater module positioned downstream of the steam generator module. The first superheater module may receive the steam generated by the steam generator module. The HRSG may also include a second superheater module positioned downstream from the first superheater module, and a bypass conduit for receiving a portion of the steam generated by the steam generator module. The bypass conduit may include an inlet positioned downstream of the steam generator module, and an outlet positioned downstream of the first superheater module. Additionally, the HRSG may include a valve in fluid communication with the bypass conduit to provide steam to the outlet of the bypass conduit.

Abstract: Heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) including bypass conduits for reducing fatigue and/or stress experienced by components within the HRSGs are disclosed. The HRSG may include a steam generator module generating steam, and a first superheater module positioned downstream of the steam generator module. The first superheater module may receive the steam generated by the steam generator module. The HRSG may also include a second superheater module positioned downstream from the first superheater module, and a bypass conduit for receiving a portion of the steam generated by the steam generator module. The bypass conduit may include an inlet positioned downstream of the steam generator module, and an outlet positioned downstream of the first superheater module. Additionally, the HRSG may include a valve in fluid communication with the bypass conduit to provide steam to the outlet of the bypass conduit.