Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for uniformly charging a battery pack, the device charging the battery pack by variably adjusting a balancing current according to a voltage difference between battery cells using an Internet of Things method based on low power Bluetooth communication. A device for uniformly charging a battery pack by variably adjusting a balancing current using Internet of Things based on a Bluetooth communication includes: a balancing part; a voltage monitoring part; an integrated controller; measuring point selecting switches; DACs; Bluetooth receiving parts transmitting a control signal received from the integrated controller to the measuring point selecting switches and the DACs by being connected thereto; and a Bluetooth transmitting part transmitting a signal for controlling the measuring point selecting switches and the DACs.