Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for copying data between memory locations. In use, a memory copy instruction is implemented. Additionally, data is copied from a first memory location to a second memory location, utilizing the memory copy instruction.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for slowing clock circuits on a graphics processor integrated circuit in order to reduce power dissipation. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a graphics processor having two memory clocks, specifically, a switched memory clock and an unswitched memory clock. The switched memory clock frequency is reduced under specific conditions, while the unswitched memory clock frequency remains fixed. In a specific embodiment, the switched memory clock frequency is reduced when related graphics, display, scaler, and frame buffer circuits are not requesting data, or are such data requests can be delayed. Further refinements to the present invention provide circuits, methods, and apparatus for ensuring that the switched and unswitched memory clock signals remain in-phase and aligned with each other.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product are provided for copying data between memory locations. In use, a memory copy instruction is implemented. Additionally, data is copied from a first memory location to a second memory location, utilizing the memory copy instruction.

Abstract: A memory controller includes first and second output modules for driving first and second data, respectively, to be written to a memory device. The memory controller also includes a clock module for providing an internal clock signal and a timing control module for producing a first and second timing control signals. The first and second timing control signals are supplied to the first and second output modules, respectively.

Abstract: An electronic device is assigned to a virtual bin by setting an operating voltage of the electronic device to a first voltage, determining an operating frequency and an operating power consumption level for the electronic device, determining an operating frequency differential equal to the absolute value of difference between the operating frequency and a minimum operating frequency of the physical bin, determining a power consumption level differential equal to the absolute value of difference between the operating power consumption level and a maximum operating power consumption level of the physical bin, and assigning a virtual bin identifier to the electronic device to identify the operating voltage of the electronic device if the operating frequency is greater than or equal to the minimum operating frequency of the physical bin and the operating power consumption level is less than or equal to the maximum power consumption level of the physical bin.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are presented for a hierarchical processor. The processor comprises, at a first level of hierarchy, a plurality of similarly structured first level components, wherein each of the plurality of similarly structured first level components includes at least one combined function module capable of performing multiple classes of graphics operations, each of the multiple classes of graphics operations being associated with a different stage of graphics processing.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are presented for a hierarchical processor. The processor comprises, at a first level of hierarchy, a plurality of similarly structured first level components, wherein each of the plurality of similarly structured first level components includes at least one combined function module capable of performing multiple classes of graphics operations, each of the multiple classes of graphics operations being associated with a different stage of graphics processing.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are presented for a hierarchical processor. The processor comprises, at a first level of hierarchy, a plurality of similarly structured first level components, wherein each of the plurality of similarly structured first level components includes at least one combined function module capable of performing multiple classes of graphics operations, each of the multiple classes of graphics operations being associated with a different stage of graphics processing.

Abstract: A memory controller includes first and second output modules for driving first and second data, respectively, to be written to a memory device. The memory controller also includes a clock module for providing an internal clock signal and a timing control module for producing a first and second timing control signals. The first and second timing control signals are supplied to the first and second output modules, respectively.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for slowing clock circuits on a graphics processor integrated circuit in order to reduce power dissipation. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a graphics processor having two memory clocks, specifically, a switched memory clock and an unswitched memory clock. The switched memory clock frequency is reduced under specific conditions, while the unswitched memory clock frequency remains fixed. In a specific embodiment, the switched memory clock frequency is reduced when related graphics, display, scaler, and frame buffer circuits are not requesting data, or are such data requests can be delayed. Further refinements to the present invention provide circuits, methods, and apparatus for ensuring that the switched and unswitched memory clock signals remain in-phase and aligned with each other.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for slowing clock circuits on a graphics processor integrated circuit in order to reduce power dissipation. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a graphics processor having two memory clocks, specifically, a switched memory clock and an unswitched memory clock. The switched memory clock frequency is reduced under specific conditions, while the unswitched memory clock frequency remains fixed. In a specific embodiment, the switched memory clock frequency is reduced when related graphics, display, scaler, and frame buffer circuits are not requesting data, or are such data requests can be delayed. Further refinements to the present invention provide circuits, methods, and apparatus for ensuring that the switched and unswitched memory clock signals remain in-phase and aligned with each other.

Abstract: To display a row of characters in the VGA alphanumeric mode, the ASCII and attribute bits for all such characters are retrieved from the main memory and stored in a local cache memory. The font and unused bits that are also retrieved from the memory during the retrieval of ASCII and attribute bits are discarded. The stored ASCII and attribute bits for each such character is then used to compute the address of the associated font bits in the main memory. Next, for each character, the font bits are retrieved from the main memory using a burst read operation and using the computed address for that font. The font bits associated with all the characters in the row are stored in the local cache memory and are subsequently scanned out to be used in the display of the characters.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for multiplexing addresses and data at a memory interface such that multiple data widths are provided without the need to change a motherboard or other printed circuit board design. A specific embodiment of the present invention achieves this using a single integrated circuit design where the datapath width is selected using a bonding option, fuse, data input, or other selection mechanism. The specific embodiment supports both 64 and 128-bit datapaths, though other numbers of datapaths, and other datapath widths are supported by other embodiments.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are presented for a hierarchical processor. The processor comprises, at a first level of hierarchy, a plurality of similarly structured first level components, wherein each of the plurality of similarly structured first level components includes at least one combined function module capable of performing multiple classes of graphics operations, each of the multiple classes of graphics operations being associated with a different stage of graphics processing.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method are disclosed for increasing the physical memory size accessible to a processor, at least in part, by reclaiming physical address space typically associated with addresses of a restricted linear address space (i.e., addresses that are otherwise unusable by the processor as system memory). In one embodiment, an exemplary memory controller redirects a linear address associated with a range of addresses to access a reclaimed memory hole. The memory controller includes an address translator configured to determine an amount of restricted addresses and to establish a baseline address identified as a first number being a first integer power of 2. The range of addresses can be located at another address identified as a second number being a second integer power of 2. As such, the address translator translates the linear address into a translated address associated with the reclaimed memory hole based on the baseline address.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method are disclosed for controlling accesses into memory to minimize sequential accesses to the same bank of memory, at least in part, by characterizing a subset of an address in parallel with address translations associated with those accesses. In one embodiment, an exemplary memory controller can include an address translator configured to translate an address useable by a processor to a first memory address. Also, the memory controller includes a bit characterizer configured to characterize a subset of the address as having a value from a range of values, and a bank separator coupled to the address translator and the bit characterizer for receiving a first portion of the first memory address and the value, respectively. Accordingly, the bank separator is configured to differentiate the first portion from a second portion of a second memory address.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, and method are disclosed for increasing the physical memory address space accessible to a processor, at least in part, by translating linear addresses associated with a memory hole into a subset of physical memory addresses that otherwise is inaccessible as system memory by a processor. In one embodiment, a memory controller reclaims memory holes in a system memory divided into ranges of linear addresses, where the system memory includes a number of arbitrarily-sized memory devices. The memory controller includes a memory configuration evaluator configured to determine a translated memory hole size for a memory hole, the memory hole including restricted linear addresses that translate into a subset of physical addresses. Also, memory configuration evaluator can be configured to form adjusted ranges to translate at least one linear address into a subset of physical addresses. As such, the system memory increases by at least the subset of physical addresses.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for slowing clock circuits on a graphics processor integrated circuit in order to reduce power dissipation. An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a graphics processor having two memory clocks, specifically, a switched memory clock and an unswitched memory clock. The switched memory clock frequency is reduced under specific conditions, while the unswitched memory clock frequency remains fixed. In a specific embodiment, the switched memory clock frequency is reduced when related graphics, display, scaler, and frame buffer circuits are not requesting data, or are such data requests can be delayed. Further refinements to the present invention provide circuits, methods, and apparatus for ensuring that the switched and unswitched memory clock signals remain in-phase and aligned with each other.

Abstract: Circuits, methods, and apparatus for reducing power on a graphics processor integrated circuit by generating two memory clock signals, reducing the frequency of one under certain conditions, and maintaining the frequency of the other. To reduce skew and jitter between these two memory clocks, and to ensure that they remain in phase, a synchronizer circuit is used by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The synchronizer circuit is also useful as a general application clock generator.