Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments may provide for extrapolating a breakline for a user in a graphical application, such as an Earthworks rendering application. Various embodiments may enable a breakline to be extrapolated and rendered on a surface from two or more points selected by a user on that surface. In various embodiments, the surface may be any type directional surface, such as a triangle mesh, pointcloud, heightmap, fusions of such surfaces, etc.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments enable generating at least one hierarchical-level-of-detail (LOD) data structure in order to visualize and traverse measurement data associated with a three-dimensional (3D) model. In various embodiments, generating at least one hierarchical LOD data structure may include establishing a background grid comprising a mathematical grid structure defined in a common coordinate system, building a layout comprising an intermediary data structure, computing measurement data for each tile based at least in part on the height data samples, and storing at least a portion of the computed measurement data for each tile in a metadata file.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of various embodiments enable rendering of a time-dynamic (4D) volume dataset. Various embodiments may provide a method for responsive and high quality rendering of time-dynamic hierarchical level-of-detail voxel datasets. Various embodiments may provide a prioritization system that balances visual quality and temporal responsiveness even with slow network or filesystem speeds. Various embodiments may provide a compact and efficient storage format for time-dynamic and mixed-resolution voxel rendering on a graphics processing unit (GPU).

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments may include encoding localized terrain modifications into one or more heightmaps, which are used to modify the vertices of the world-wide terrain map at runtime using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Various embodiments apply displacement to dynamic terrain surfaces, such as time dynamic surfaces, animated surfaces, Hierarchical Level-of-Detail (HLOD) surfaces, and surfaces suitable for interactive user editing, at a global scale.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of various embodiments enable rendering of a time-dynamic (4D) volume dataset. Various embodiments may provide a method for responsive and high quality rendering of time-dynamic hierarchical level-of-detail voxel datasets. Various embodiments may provide a prioritization system that balances visual quality and temporal responsiveness even with slow network or filesystem speeds. Various embodiments may provide a compact and efficient storage format for time-dynamic and mixed-resolution voxel rendering on a graphics processing unit (GPU).

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of various embodiments enable prioritization of requests for hierarchical level of detail (HLOD) content over a communications network. Various embodiment methods may reduce load time of nodes in the HLOD data structure, such as nodes in the HLOD that may be deemed important, compared to the load time achieved in current methods. Various embodiments may provide methods for prioritizing requests for nodes.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments enable for updating a point cloud, such as a two-and-a-half-dimensional (2.5D) point cloud. Various embodiments include receiving two point clouds, such as a base point cloud of a terrain area and a new point cloud of the terrain area, and fusing the received two point clouds to generate an up-to-date point cloud, such as an up-to-date point cloud model of the terrain. Various embodiments may be especially useful in generating models of terrain areas, such as construction sites, earthwork projects, shorelines, etc., surveyed by surveying technologies, such as drone-based aerial photogrammetry systems, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems, etc.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of various embodiments enable culling requests for hierarchical level of detail (HLOD) content over a communications network. Various embodiment methods may reduce a number of requests associated with dynamic camera movement, compared to number of requests generated in current methods.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments enable transferring surface information from one mesh to two-dimensional textures on another mesh. Embodiments may allocate a voxel data structure bounding both a source mesh and a target mesh, wherein the source mesh and the target mesh use different mesh parameterizations of a three-dimensional object. The source mesh may be rasterized in a source texture coordinate space to produce one or more source fragments, each source fragment comprising sampled data from a triangle of the source mesh and a three-dimensional position on the triangle on a surface of the source mesh. For each of the one or more source fragments a voxel may be determined, of the voxel data structure, corresponding to the source fragment's respective three-dimensional position, and the sampled data of the source fragment may be written into the determined voxel of the voxel data structure.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of the various embodiments enable converting massive mesh datasets that may carry a single material to a hierarchical format. Various embodiments may provide processing efficiency and scalability in creating hierarchical format representations of massive mesh datasets and/or in rendering massive mesh datasets.

Abstract: Systems, methods, devices, and non-transitory media of various embodiments enable subdividing large polygon meshes with diverse materials into a hierarchy of separate components, such as tiles. In various embodiments, the components may in aggregate represent the entire mesh. In the hierarchies of separate components as provided by the various embodiments, the components may be loaded as-needed based on importance, culled due to lack of importance to a given view, and/or replaced with higher or lower detail variants depending on importance to a given view. The ability to load components, such as tiles, on-demand provided by the various embodiments may provide improved rendering performance of a large polygon mesh with diverse materials, especially when the rendering leverages data transmission over a network.

Abstract: A system and method of real-time surface reconstruction upon unstructured point clouds via a series of screen space operations are provided herein. A point occlusion operator, performed in a deferred pass upon a simple point splat, is used to determine point visibility and an ambient occlusion factor to estimate a solid angle of a visibility cone produced by each point in the splat by splitting the screen space local neighborhood of the point into sectors and accumulating the maximum viable sector angle. Points are valid or invalid. A density estimation pass is then used. Maps are used to determine the required number of region growing iterations to cover every invalid pixel. The density is then pruned by edge creep reduction to minimize the error around edges. A median filter is used to fill invalid pixels, while edge-preserving blur is applied to the valid pixels.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting a point cloud dataset into a hierarchical data structure for a lossless representation of an input file are provided herein. In various embodiments the method comprises recursing subtrees using a preordered traversal for a plurality of nodes, the preordered traversal being checking a parent node and then checking children nodes and stopping the recursing of the subtrees using the preordered traversal of the plurality of nodes when a node of the plurality of nodes is a below threshold node. The below threshold node being less than a configuration specified maximum number of data points, the below threshold node being a leaf of a tileset. Further comprising, aggregating the leaf of the tileset into a lossless representation of the collection of input files.

Abstract: Methods and systems for converting a point cloud dataset into a hierarchical data structure for a lossless representation of an input file are provided herein. In various embodiments the method comprises recursing subtrees using a preordered traversal for a plurality of nodes, the preordered traversal being checking a parent node and then checking children nodes and stopping the recursing of the subtrees using the preordered traversal of the plurality of nodes when a node of the plurality of nodes is a below threshold node. The below threshold node being less than a configuration specified maximum number of data points, the below threshold node being a leaf of a tileset. Further comprising, aggregating the leaf of the tileset into a lossless representation of the collection of input files.

Abstract: A system and method of real-time surface reconstruction upon unstructured point clouds via a series of screen space operations are provided herein. A point occlusion operator, performed in a deferred pass upon a simple point splat to determine point visibility and an ambient occlusion factor so as to estimate a solid angle of a visibility cone produced by each point in the splat by splitting the screen space local neighborhood of the point into sectors and accumulating the maximum viable sector angle. Points are valid or invalid. A density estimation pass is then used. Maps are used to determine the required number of region growing iterations to cover every invalid pixel. The density is then pruned by an edge creep reduction step in order minimize error around edges during the next step. A median filter is used to fill invalid pixels, while edge-preserving blur is applied to the valid pixels.

Abstract: Systems and methods for three dimensional modeling using skipping heuristics and fusing are disclosed herein. An example method includes obtaining a plurality of three dimensional models of a target, each of the models having a unique resolution level, assembling an aggregate three dimensional model using a hierarchical tree representation of the plurality of three dimensional models by skipping levels of detail in the hierarchical tree and rendering the levels of the hierarchical tree that were not skipped. Fusing overlapping sections of the aggregate model can be accomplished using bivariate visibility testing.