Abstract: Apparatus for managing bandwidth for a plurality of connections each having a respective connection token, the apparatus having corresponding methods and computer-readable media, comprises a memory to store the connection tokens, the memory comprising a ready connection queue, a pending increase connection queue, and an increase connection queue; and a controller to move connection tokens in the ready connection queue to the pending increase connection queue when bandwidth for the respective connections should be increased; wherein the controller moves connection tokens in the pending increase connection queue to the increase connection queue, and increases bandwidth for the respective connections, when a number of the connection tokens in the increase connection queue is less than a predetermined maximum number; and wherein the controller moves connection tokens in the increase connection queue to the ready connection queue when bandwidth for the respective connections should be decreased.

Abstract: A videoconference system is provided. The videoconference system includes a plurality of clients. A server component configured to distribute media to the plurality of clients is included. The server component includes a media mixer enabling distribution of a composite audio/video data stream to the client component and a videoconference choreographer configured to assist the media mixer in mixing input streams to the server component based upon event data. A conference channel communication connection over which video and audio data streams are carried between the plurality of clients and the server component is provided. A back-channel communication connection over which the event data is communicated between the plurality of clients and the server component is also included. A method for controlling mixing of data streams for a videoconference session is also provided. A scheme for converting documents to be shared during a videoconference session to a common format is also provided.

Abstract: A videoconferencing system configured to utilize peer-to-peer videoconferencing software to provide a multi-participant conference environment for a plurality of participants is provided. The system includes a client component defining a conference client enabled to execute peer-to-peer videoconferencing software. The client component includes a client monitor configured to monitor both, whether the conference channel is active and events within a video window displayed by the conference client, wherein the events within the video window are communicated across a back-channel connection. The back-channel connection is established when the conference channel is active. The system includes a server component having a back-channel controller in communication with the client monitor through the back-channel connection. The server component provides a client configurable audio/video stream for each of a plurality of participants.

Abstract: A method for streaming data is described. In the method, a pair of timing packets is periodically transmitted to a client, the second packet of the pair being transmitted after the first packet with a known delay. A plurality of reports are received from the client, each of the reports including a ?t value representative of the length of time that elapsed between receipt by the client of the first packet and the second packet of the pairs of timing packets. Additional bandwidth is determined to be available when the ?t values decrease. A new data stream having a higher bitrate is selected for transmission to the client when additional bandwidth is determined to be available. A server for streaming data is also described.

Abstract: A series of approved printers is associated with each of multiples utilities. A client user having a local printer must first identify the local printer as one of the approved printers. The client user may then gain access to the utilities having an association with the local printer. The utilities have access to multiple image sets. Each image set includes a thumbnail representation for quick selection, a screen representation for editing the image, and a printer representation for printing the image. The printer representation is of higher resolution than the screen representation, and the screen representation is of higher resolution than the thumbnail representation. Each utility is further associated with list of predefined, and unalterably, printer setting. When a print option is actuated, the utility conveys a list of predefined printer settings to a printer without requiring the client user to submit any printer preferences.

Abstract: A conferencing method is described. The method includes connecting a plurality of conference participants to a conferencing server. Each conference participant generates conferencing content sent to the conferencing server. A plurality of conference viewers is connected to a video streaming server. At least a portion of the conferencing content is passed from the conferencing server to the video streaming server and is streamed to the plurality of conference viewers. A conferencing system incorporating the method is also described.

Abstract: Apparatus for managing bandwidth for a plurality of connections each having a respective connection token, the apparatus having corresponding methods and computer-readable media, comprises a memory to store the connection tokens, the memory comprising a ready connection queue, a pending increase connection queue, and an increase connection queue; and a controller to move connection tokens in the ready connection queue to the pending increase connection queue when bandwidth for the respective connections should be increased; wherein the controller moves connection tokens in the pending increase connection queue to the increase connection queue, and increases bandwidth for the respective connections, when a number of the connection tokens in the increase connection queue is less than a predetermined maximum number; and wherein the controller moves connection tokens in the increase connection queue to the ready connection queue when bandwidth for the respective connections should be decreased.

Abstract: A multi-participant videoconference system incorporating a back-channel connection and a client video mixer is disclosed. The multi-participant videoconference system includes a client component and a server component. The server component provides a composite conference video signal to the client component. A region is defined in the composite conference video signal and the size and coordinates of the region are communicated to the client component by the server component over the back-channel. The client component captures local video and mixes local video into the composite conference video signal using the size and coordinates received from the server component for display.

Abstract: A videoconferencing apparatus having a corresponding method and instruction program comprises a video codec to generate video data; a video packetizer to produce TCP packets of the video data; an audio codec to generate audio data; an audio packetizer to produce packets of the audio data; a transmit circuit to transmit the TCP packets; a receive circuit to receive a RTCP receiver report representing a number of the TCP packets of the video data received by a receiver; and a controller to generate an estimate of a number of the TCP packets of the video data transmitted but not yet received based on a difference between a number of the TCP packets of the video data transmitted by the transmit circuit and the number of the TCP packets of the video data received by the receiver, and control the video bit rate according to the estimate.

Abstract: A method for updating a set of presentation images through a single-buffered multipoint dispatcher over a network to multiple clients is provided. Each screen of a set of screens included in the presentation is divided into tiles. Packets respectively corresponding to the tiles of a first screen are stored in a single buffered multipoint dispatcher according to a time sorted hierarchy, a top packet having a most recent time value and a bottom packet having a least recent time value. Each tile of the first screen is compared with a corresponding tile of a second screen to identify any non-matching tile pairs. For each non-matching tile of the second screen, a packet corresponding to that non-matching tile is provided to the single buffered multipoint dispatcher. Then, non-matching tiles of the first screen are replaced with the respective non-matching tiles of the second screen, while maintaining the time sorted hierarchy.

Abstract: A method for efficiently processing image data for display on a computer monitor is provided. The method initiates with reading image data in a compressed format into a memory associated with the computer. Then, at least one scaled copy of the image data is generated in the compressed format. Next, a display scale is determined for an image to be presented on a computer monitor. If the magnification is less than 100% of an image scale associated with the image data, then, either the image data or the at least one scaled copy of the image data is determined as being closest in magnification to the display scale, without being less than the display scale, to provide a closest in magnification image data. Next, the closest in magnification image data in the compressed format is processed. Then, the processed image data is displayed. The method is capable of displaying a portion of the image at any magnification.

Abstract: A method for updating a subset of a frame of an image is provided. The frame of the image is subdivided into a plurality of tiles. The method initiates with providing a fixed-size queue having a stationary last packet at a bottom of the fixed size queue. Then, a plurality of packets is stored in a time sorted order above the last packet, the plurality of packets corresponding to a frame of an image. Next, an updated packet is received, the updated packet corresponds to a previously received packet of the plurality of packets. Then, the previously received packet is replaced with the updated packet while maintaining the time sorted order. Replacing the previously received packet includes: identifying the previously received packet adjusting any pointers pointing at the previously received packet to point at a packet below the previously received packet; and moving the previously received packet to a top of the fixed size queue.

Abstract: A videoconference system is provided. The videoconference system includes a plurality of clients. A server component configured to distribute media to the plurality of clients is included. The server component includes a media mixer enabling distribution of a composite audio/video data stream to the client component and a videoconference choreographer configured to assist the media mixer in mixing input streams to the server component based upon event data. A conference channel communication connection over which video and audio data streams are carried between the plurality of clients and the server component is provided. A back-channel communication connection over which the event data is communicated between the plurality of clients and the server component is also included. A method for controlling mixing of data streams for a videoconference session is also provided. A scheme for converting documents to be shared during a videoconference session to a common format is also provided.

Abstract: A multi-participant videoconference system incorporating a back-channel connection and a client video mixer is disclosed. The multi-participant videoconference system includes a client component and a server component. The server component provides a composite conference video signal to the client component. A region is defined in the composite conference video signal and the size and coordinates of the region are communicated to the client component by the server component over the back-channel. The client component captures local video and mixes local video into the composite conference video signal using the size and coordinates received from the server component for display.

Abstract: A videoconferencing system configured to utilize peer-to-peer videoconferencing software to provide a multi-participant conference environment for a plurality of participants is provided. The system includes a client component defining a conference client enabled to execute peer-to-peer videoconferencing software. The client component includes a client monitor configured to monitor both, whether the conference channel is active and events within a video window displayed by the conference client, wherein the events within the video window are communicated across a back-channel connection. The back-channel connection is established when the conference channel is active. The system includes a server component having a back-channel controller in communication with the client monitor through the back-channel connection. The server component provides a client configurable audio/video stream for each of a plurality of participants.

Abstract: A back-channel communication network for a videoconferencing system for a conference between a plurality of participants is provided. The back-channel communication network includes a monitoring agent associated with a client. The client is configured to execute a peer-to-peer videoconferencing application. The monitoring agent monitoring a video display window controlled by the peer-to-peer conferencing application. A back-channel controller in communication with the monitoring agent over a back-channel connection is included. The back-channel controller is configured to enable communication between the client and a plurality of conference clients over a back-channel controller communication link. An event handler configured to enable insertion of server user interface data into an outbound video stream image for the client is also included. A computer readable media and methods for providing a multi-participant conferencing environment are also provided.

Abstract: A method for updating a subset of a frame of an image is provided. The frame of the image is subdivided into a plurality of tiles. The method initiates with providing a fixed-size queue having a stationary last packet at a bottom of the fixed size queue. Then, a plurality of packets is stored in a time sorted order above the last packet, the plurality of packets corresponding to a frame of an image. Next, an updated packet is received, the updated packet corresponds to a previously received packet of the plurality of packets. Then, the previously received packet is replaced with the updated packet while maintaining the time sorted order. Replacing the previously received packet includes: identifying the previously received packet adjusting any pointers pointing at the previously received packet to point at a packet below the previously received packet; and moving the previously received packet to a top of the fixed size queue.

Abstract: A method for efficiently processing image data for display on a computer monitor is provided. The method initiates with reading image data in a compressed format into a memory associated with the computer. Then, at least one scaled copy of the image data is generated in the compressed format. Next, a display scale is determined for an image to be presented on a computer monitor. If the magnification is less than 100% of an image scale associated with the image data, then, either the image data or the at least one scaled copy of the image data is determined as being closest in magnification to the display scale, without being less than the display scale, to provide a closest in magnification image data. Next, the closest in magnification image data in the compressed format is processed. Then, the processed image data is displayed. The method is capable of displaying a portion of the image at any magnification.

Abstract: Methods and a system for installing and launching network application in a manner where the applications are regulated to run uniformly across platforms are provided. One exemplary method includes installing and launching a network application, through a distributed network where the application is contained on a server. The method initiates with accessing the server through the network. Then, parameters of the application are selected. Next, it is determined if the latest version of the application is present on a client. Then, an archive file containing the latest version of the application is downloaded and installed if the latest version of the application is not present on the client. Next, the application is launched. Then, parameters are passed to a port. The port is in communication with the application and the application is configured to access native libraries of the archive file.

Abstract: A series of approved printers is associated with each of multiples utilities. A client user having a local printer must first identify the local printer as one of the approved printers. The client user may then gain access to the utilities having an association with the local printer. The utilities have access to multiple image sets. Each image set includes a thumbnail representation for quick selection, a screen representation for editing the image, and a printer representation for printing the image. The printer representation is of higher resolution than the screen representation, and the screen representation is of higher resolution than the thumbnail representation. Each utility is further associated with list of predefined, and unalterably, printer setting. When a print option is actuated, the utility conveys is list of predefined printer settings to a printer without requiring the client user to submit any printer preferences.