Abstract: Lithographic Apparatus and Device Manufacturing Method In an immersion lithographic apparatus, bubble formation in immersion liquid is reduced or prevented by reducing a gap size or area on a substrate table and/or covering the gap.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed in which a circular sensor is mounted to a substrate table with three leaf springs that are evenly spaced around a thermal axis of the sensor. The leaf springs are provided in two parts that are releasably attachable to each other. The leaf springs are elastic and allow some movement of the sensor relative to the substrate table on thermal expansion and contraction but ensure that the thermal center of the sensor does not move relative to the substrate table.

Abstract: A lithographic apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes an illumination system for providing a beam of radiation, a support surface having an edge, and a support structure for supporting an object to be moved across the beam of radiation. The support structure is moveably supported on the support surface. The apparatus also includes a rim that is associated with the support surface. The support structure and the rim are configured to allow the support structure to move in a first direction toward the rim and collide with the rim. A total force generated by the collision on the support structure is at least partially directed away from a second direction that is opposite to the first direction.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus includes a radiation system for providing a beam of radiation, a first support structure for supporting a patterning device, a second support structure for supporting a substrate, and a projection system. At least one of the first and second support structures includes a planar base, a movable stage that can be moved over the planar base, and an actuator for moving the stage. The apparatus also includes a contactless position measuring device for measuring a position of the stage, and a first pump for generating a conditioned gas flow in a volume between the measuring device and the stage. The base includes a plurality of gas channels that provide a path for the conditioned gas to flow through the base.

Abstract: A method of preparing a dental restoration that includes forming one or more galvano substructures; pressing the galvano substructures into a ceramic material to form a dental restoration; polishing an outer surface of the dental restoration; and sealing the dental restoration. The dental restoration may be a dental crown or a dental bridge. Dental restorations prepared using the method are also disclosed.