Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid distributor and collector for columns for liquid chromatography with preferably round cross section, which is particularly suitable for columns with large diameter in relation to the packing height.

Abstract: In order to use the mass spectrometrical analysis at the same time to determine the structure and/or families and/or the chemical properties of a substance, free of subjective evaluation, in the shortest amount of time, in an automatable fashion and with high accuracy, without requiring identical fragmentation patterns and/or defined comparison or identification rules, according to the invention a fragmentation graph is formed from one or more mass spectrometrical fragmentation spectra of the substance, the data of the graph being compared to reference data preferably stored in an electronic database. The invention is used in particular in biological, pharmaceutical and chemical applications for determining the structure and/or the family and/or the chemical properties of unknown substances.

Abstract: In order to use the mass spectrometrical analysis at the same time to determine the structure and/or families and/or the chemical properties of a substance, free of subjective evaluation, in the shortest amount of time, in an automatable fashion and with high accuracy, without requiring identical fragmentation patterns and/or defined comparison or identification rules, according to the invention a fragmentation graph is formed from one or more mass spectrometrical fragmentation spectra of to the substance, the data of the graph being compared to reference data preferably stored in an electronic database. The invention is used in particular in biological, pharmaceutical and chemical applications for determining the structure and/or the family and/or the chemical properties of unknown substances.

Abstract: Fragmentation-based methods and systems, particularly mass spectrometric methods and systems, for the analysis of sequence variations are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chromatographic process for substance separation in the context of the preparation of chemicals such as, for example, chiral pharmaceuticals, isomers or biomolecules on the small-scale and production scale, based on Simulated Moving Bed (SMB=countercurrent chromatography) technology.

Abstract: Provided are methods for sequencing a target nucleic acid by fragmenting a target nucleic acid, hybridizing fragments to an array of capture oligonucleotides, determining the mass of the hybridized fragments, and constructing a nucleotide sequence of the target nucleic acid from the mass measurements.

Abstract: Fragmentation-based methods and systems, particularly mass spectrometric methods and systems, for the analysis of sequence variations are provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems, particularly mass spectrometric methods and systems, for the analysis and sequencing of biomolecules, particularly nucleic acids, by fragmentation are provided.