Abstract: A sensor for measuring at least one of temperature and pressure in a borehole, the sensor including a mixing medium disposed in a housing adapted for insertion into the borehole, the mixing medium exposed to at least one of the temperature and the pressure; wherein the mixing medium is used for four wave mixing of light to provide a signal that indicates at least one of the temperature and the pressure.

Abstract: A downhole fiber optic apparatus for acquiring downhole information includes a carrier conveyable in a borehole, an electromagnetic energy emitter coupled to the carrier, and a fiber optic sensor that receives electromagnetic energy emitted from the electromagnetic energy emitter and generates an optical output signal representative of the downhole information. A method for acquiring downhole information includes conveying a carrier in a borehole, emitting electromagnetic energy from an electromagnetic energy emitter coupled to the carrier, receiving electromagnetic energy emitted from the electromagnetic energy emitter with a fiber optic sensor, and generating an optical signal representative of the downhole information using the fiber optic sensor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for estimating a downhole fluid property using a carrier conveyable into a well borehole, one or more light sources carried by the carrier, the one or more light sources comprising at least one quantum cascade laser light source, a fluid sample cell that receives light emitted from the one or more light sources, and at least one photodetector that detects light emitted from the one or more light sources after the light interacts with a fluid in the fluid sample cell.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring force, the sensor including: a light source; and a mixing medium in optical communication with the light source and exposed to the force; wherein four wave mixing of light interacting with the mixing medium provides a signal that indicates the force.

Abstract: A method for determining a chemical composition of a material in a borehole, the method including placing an analysis apparatus into the borehole; placing a sample of the material onto a metal surface of the apparatus; illuminating the sample at an interface between the sample and the metal surface with a first light beam and a second light beam; measuring sum frequency light generated from the illuminating; and analyzing the sum frequency light to determine the chemical composition of the material.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring a property of a chemical, the sensor including: a light source; and a mixing medium in optical communication with the light source and exposed to the chemical; wherein four wave mixing of light interacting with the mixing medium provides a signal that indicates the property.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring at least one of temperature and pressure in a borehole, the sensor including a mixing medium disposed in a housing adapted for insertion into the borehole, the mixing medium exposed to at least one of the temperature and the pressure; wherein the mixing medium is used for four wave mixing of light to provide a signal that indicates at least one of the temperature and the pressure.

Abstract: An illustrative embodiment is disclosed, including but not limited to an apparatus for estimating a property of a fluid downhole, including but not limited to a piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator disposed in the fluid downhole; an electrode embedded in the piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator; and a substantially transparent conductive coating covering the piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator. A method is disclosed for estimating a property of a fluid downhole, the method including but not limited to embedding an electrode in a piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator; coating the piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator with a substantially transparent conductive coating; and disposing a piezoelectric flexural mechanical resonator disposed in the fluid downhole.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for estimating a downhole fluid parameter include a high-gain semiconductor light emitter device conveyed into a well borehole, a semiconductor light emitter having a gain region that produces light having a first center wavelength responsive to a selected fluid property, the semiconductor light emitter being carried by the carrier. The apparatus may include an electrical current source that applies an electrical current pulse train to the semiconductor light emitter and an analyzer device that analyses a first response of light emitted from the semiconductor light source after emitted light interacts with the fluid, the analyzed first response being used to estimate the fluid property using the first center wavelength.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for estimating a downhole parameter include a high-gain semiconductor device having a plurality of semiconductor layers forming an active region, the active region having a bandgap offset that provides device operation through at least the temperature environment of a downhole location, the high-gain semiconductor device being used at least in part to estimate a downhole parameter.

Abstract: A sensor for measuring in a borehole at least one of orientation, acceleration and pressure, the sensor including: a light source; a birefringent material receiving light from the source; and a photodetector for measuring light transmitted through the birefringent material to measure the at least one of orientation, acceleration and pressure.

Abstract: A sensor adapted for measuring acceleration, the sensor including a light source for illuminating an optical cavity; the optical cavity oriented for receiving light from the source, the optical cavity comprising a quality factor greater than or equal to about 10,000; and a photodetector for measuring a resonant frequency of light emitted from the optical cavity.

Abstract: A laser spectroscopy system can determine the identity and/or quantity of a component of a fluid at a remote location such as downhole in a wellbore or inside a pipeline, particularly at high temperature, e.g. from about 75 to 175° C. The system includes a fiber laser doped with a rare earth element (e.g. Nd3+, Tm3+, Er3+, Th3+, Ho3+, Yb3+, Pr3+) and generates light in a wavelength between about 900 to about 3000 nm. The system may analyze a drilling mud such as an oil based mud or crude oil, and may detect components such as methane, ethane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and the like.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for downhole formation testing using a spectrometer includes a carrier conveyable into a well borehole that traverses a subterranean formation of interest, a plurality of semiconductor light sources disposed on the carrier, a fluid sample cell that receives light emitted from the plurality of semiconductor light sources, and at least one photodetector that detects light emitted from the plurality of semiconductor light sources and after the light interacts with a fluid in the fluid sample cell.

Abstract: A wellbore drilling system utilizes optical fibers to measure parameters of interest and to communicate data. One or more electrical conductors are used to provide power to the components of the drilling system. The acquisition electronics for operating fiber optic sensors can be positioned at the surface and/or in the wellbore. In some embodiments, one optical fiber includes a plurality of sensors, each of which can measure the same or different parameters. A multiplexer multiplexes optical signals to operate such sensor configurations. Optical fiber sensors for acoustic measurements can include a cylindrical member wrapped by one or more optical fibers. The sensors can be configured as needed to provide a 3D representation of the pressure measurements.

Abstract: The disclosure, in one aspect, provides a method for estimating a property of a fluid that includes: pumping an ultraviolet (UV) light into a fluid withdrawn from a formation downhole at a wavelength that produces light due to the Raman effect at wavelengths that are shorter than the substantial wavelengths of fluorescent light produced from the fluid; detecting a spectrum corresponding to the Raman effect light (“Raman spectrum”); and processing the detected Raman spectrum at one or more selected wavelengths to estimate a property of the fluid. In another aspect, the disclosure provides an apparatus that includes a laser that induces UV light at a selected wavelength into a fluid in a chamber, a detector that detects Raman scattered light at wavelengths shorter than the wavelengths of the fluorescent light scattered by the fluid, and a processor that analyzes a spectrum corresponding the Raman scattered light at a selected wavelength to estimate a property of the fluid.

Abstract: An optical device uses one or more doped pockets in one embodiment to increase the electric field at one or more edges of the light absorbing region to increase the efficiency of the optical device. In alternate embodiments, the optical device uses an overlying light-barrier layer to reduce optical absorption within the more highly doped region. Some embodiments use a comb-like structure for the optical device to reduce capacitance and create a planar CMOS compatible structure.

Abstract: A donor substrate (12) which is patterned to include a donor mesa (18) is bonded to a receiving substrate (20). In a one embodiment, a bulk portion of the donor substrate is removed while leaving a transferred layer (26) bonded to the receiving substrate. The transferred layer is a layer of material transferred from the donor mesa. A portion of receiving substrate can be processed to form a recess (27, 28, or 32) to receive the donor mesa. Alternatively, the transferred layer can be formed over a dummy feature (46) formed on the receiving substrate, either with or without the use of mesas on the donor substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the transferred layer is used to form an optical device such as a photodetector in a semiconductor device. With the invention, bonding can be achieve despite having a non-planar surface on the receiving substrate.

Abstract: A donor substrate (12) which is patterned to include a donor mesa (18) is bonded to a receiving substrate (20). In a one embodiment, a bulk portion of the donor substrate is removed while leaving a transferred layer (26) bonded to the receiving substrate. The transferred layer is a layer of material transferred from the donor mesa. A portion of receiving substrate can be processed to form a recess (27, 28, or 32) to receive the donor mesa. Alternatively, the transferred layer can be formed over a dummy feature (46) formed on the receiving substrate, either with or without the use of mesas on the donor substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the transferred layer is used to form an optical device such as a photodetector in a semiconductor device. With the invention, bonding can be achieve despite having a non-planar surface on the receiving substrate.

Abstract: An optical device uses one or more doped pockets in one embodiment to increase the electric field at one or more edges of the light absorbing region to increase the efficiency of the optical device. In alternate embodiments, the optical device uses an overlying light-barrier layer to reduce optical absorption within the more highly doped region. Some embodiments use a comb-like structure for the optical device to reduce capacitance and create a planar CMOS compatible structure.