Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for predicting the failure of an elementary relay having a switch for switching a load contact of a load circuit and an excitation coil for actuating the switch. The method may include exciting the excitation coil in order to switch on the load contact; detecting a time characteristic of a contact voltage at the load contact when switching on the load contact; extracting a characteristic feature from the time characteristic of the contact voltage; and monitoring the characteristic feature during operation of the elementary relay.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for predicting the failure of an elementary relay having a switch for switching a load contact of a load circuit and an excitation coil for actuating the switch. The method may include exciting the excitation coil in order to switch on the load contact; detecting a time characteristic of a contact voltage at the load contact when switching on the load contact; extracting a characteristic feature from the time characteristic of the contact voltage; and monitoring the characteristic feature during operation of the elementary relay.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for monitoring an electromechanical component of an automation system. The method may include acquiring of a mechanical state variable of the electromechanical component, acquiring of an electrical state variable of the electromechanical component, and determining of a state of the electromechanical component based on a multidimensional characteristic line field with a plurality of states of the electromechanical component, wherein the mechanical state variable and the electrical state variable are associated with each state of the electromechanical component.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for monitoring an electromechanical component of an automation system. The method may include acquiring of a mechanical state variable of the electromechanical component, acquiring of an electrical state variable of the electromechanical component, and determining of a state of the electromechanical component based on a multidimensional characteristic line field with a plurality of states of the electromechanical component, wherein the mechanical state variable and the electrical state variable are associated with each state of the electromechanical component.

Abstract: A general retaining device for use with utility vehicles, such as fork lift trucks, tractors, construction and agricultural machines, and public utility vehicles for protecting the driver from centrifugal forces. The invention is attached to all canopy guards with front and rear struts, and is open on all sides. The side openings of the canopy guard protecting the driver are divided by means of an approximately horizontally extending support which is pivoted on the one strut by a hinge and retained on the other strut by means of a locking system.

Abstract: A general retaining device for use with utility vehicles, such as fork lift trucks, tractors, construction and agricultural machines, and public utility vehicles for protecting the driver from centrifugal forces. The invention is attached to all canopy guards with front and rear struts, and is open on all sides. The side openings of the canopy guard protecting the driver are divided by means of an approximately horizontally extending support which is pivoted on the one strut by a hinge and retained on the other strut by means of a locking system.

Abstract: A door system for utility vehicles having a frame forming the cab or canopy protecting the driver. The door system comprises a door pivotally mounted on hinges to the frame forming the cap or canopy. The door has a door frame having a T-shaped cross section. A receiving section is mounted on the transverse leg of the T-shaped cross-section. A door lining with windowpanes and/or cover plates is inserted on the other side of the receiving section.