Abstract: A system for tracking a bone-altering tool in computer-assisted surgery, comprising a first trackable reference secured to a first bone, with a first frame of reference being associated with the first trackable reference. A bone-altering tool is securable to the first bone in a secured configuration. Sensors track the trackable reference for position and orientation. A position/orientation calculator is connected to the sensor device to calculate a position and orientation of the first frame of reference. An alteration parameter calculator is associated with the position/orientation calculator to determine a position and orientation of the bone-altering tool in the secured configuration as a function of the position and orientation of the first frame of reference and of the secured configuration. A method for tracking tools using the tracking of a bone is provided.

Abstract: A CAS system and method for guiding an operator in inserting a femoral implant in a femur as a function of a limb length and orientation of the femoral implant with respect to the femur, comprising a reference tool for the femur, a registration tool, a bone altering tool and a sensing apparatus.

Abstract: An oscillometry device comprises a casing. A user portion forms a conduit entering into the casing, the conduit adapted to receive a breath of a user and, an oscillometry measurement system operatively connected to the conduit in the casing and adapted to produce oscillometry measurement signals from the breath of the user. A user support interface projects from the casing in a common direction with the user portion, the user support interface vertically supporting the oscillometry device relative to a user when the user has his or her mouth on the user portion, the user support interface being made of a flexible deformable material.

Abstract: A system for tracking a bone-altering tool in computer-assisted surgery, comprising a first trackable reference secured to a first bone, with a first frame of reference being associated with the first trackable reference. A bone-altering tool is securable to the first bone in a secured configuration. Sensors track the trackable reference for position and orientation. A position/orientation calculator is connected to the sensor device to calculate a position and orientation of the first frame of reference. An alteration parameter calculator is associated with the position/orientation calculator to determine a position and orientation of the bone-altering tool in the secured configuration as a function of the position and orientation of the first frame of reference and of the secured configuration. A method for tracking tools using the tracking of a bone is provided.

Abstract: A system for tracking a bone-altering tool in computer-assisted surgery, comprising a first trackable reference secured to a first bone, with a first frame of reference being associated with the first trackable reference. A bone-altering tool is securable to the first bone in a secured configuration. Sensors track the trackable reference for position and orientation. A position/orientation calculator is connected to the sensor device to calculate a position and orientation of the first frame of reference. An alteration parameter calculator is associated with the position/orientation calculator to determine a position and orientation of the bone-altering tool in the secured configuration as a function of the position and orientation of the first frame of reference and of the secured configuration. A method for tracking tools using the tracking of a bone is provided.

Abstract: A CAS system and method for guiding an operator in inserting a femoral implant in a femur as a function of a limb length and orientation of the femoral implant with respect to the femur, comprising a reference tool for the femur, a registration tool, a bone altering tool and a sensing apparatus.

Abstract: A CAS system and method for guiding an operator in inserting a femoral implant in a femur as a function of a limb length and orientation of the femoral implant with respect to the femur, comprising a reference tool for the femur, a registration tool, a bone altering tool and a sensing apparatus.

Abstract: A CAS system and method for guiding an operator in inserting a femoral implant in a femur as a function of a limb length and orientation of the femoral implant with respect to the femur, comprising a reference tool for the femur, a registration tool, a bone altering tool and a sensing apparatus.

Abstract: A CAS system and method for guiding an operator in inserting a femoral implant in a femur as a function of a limb length and orientation of the femoral implant with respect to the femur, comprising a reference tool for the femur, a registration tool, a bone altering tool and a sensing apparatus.

Abstract: A tracker device of the type is associated with a surgical instrument and being trackable in space by a CAS system such that a position of the surgical instrument is calculable. A support is adapted to be connected to the surgical instrument. Optical elements are mounted to the support in a first pattern so as to be detectable by the CAS system along a first range of visibility. Other optical elements are mounted to the support in a second pattern so as to be detectable by the CAS system along a second range of visibility, with the first range of visibility and the second range of visibility having at most a common portion, whereby a position of the surgical instrument is tracked within the first and the second range of visibility as a function of the detection of any one of the patterns of the optical elements.

Abstract: A surgical reference device for use with a computer-assisted surgery system comprises an engaging member adapted to engage directly on soft tissue of a body part such that substantially no relative movement is possible between the engaging member and a bone element of the body part. A trackable member is attached to the engaging member and comprises a detectable element for being located and tracked in three-dimensional space by the computer-assisted surgery system to measure a position and an orientation of the trackable member in time, whereby the bone element is tracked as a function of the position and orientation of the trackable member. A method for tracking a position and an orientation of a bone element using a computer-assisted surgery system is also provided.

Abstract: There is described a method of manufacturing a device to be used with a computer-aided surgery system, a method of calibrating the device, and the device itself. After fabrication, the device is measured to obtain true parameters thereof. The true parameters are stored on a storage medium associated with the device and include measurement data of high precision relating to dimensions of the device as well as to relative positioning of a tracker on the device with respect to the device. The true parameters are entered into the system and when the tracker is located in the 3D environment, the device can then be located in the 3D environment with a high degree of precision using the true parameters.

Abstract: A method of determining a center of curvature of the spherical outer surface of an object using a computer system is provided. The method includes defining at least one contact region on the spherical outer surface in a plane substantially tangential to a circumference thereof and a first reference axis normal to said plane. Spatial coordinates of at least one of a first and a second geometric parameter are determined, the first geometric parameter including at least two points located on the spherical outer surface and the second geometric parameter including a second reference axis normal to the spherical outer surface. The center of curvature of the spherical outer surface is then calculated using the first reference axis and at least one of the first and second geometric parameters. An associated system and calibration device is also provided.

Abstract: There is described a method of manufacturing a device to be used with a computer-aided surgery system, a method of calibrating the device, and the device itself. After fabrication, the device is measured to obtain true parameters thereof. The true parameters are stored on a storage medium associated with the device and include measurement data of high precision relating to dimensions of the device as well as to relative positioning of a tracker on the device with respect to the device. The true parameters are entered into the system and when the tracker is located in the 3D environment, the device can then be located in the 3D environment with a high degree of precision using the true parameters.

Abstract: A system for tracking a bone-altering tool in computer-assisted surgery, comprising a first trackable reference secured to a first bone, with a first frame of reference being associated with the first trackable reference. A bone-altering tool is securable to the first bone in a secured configuration. Sensors track the trackable reference for position and orientation. A position/orientation calculator is connected to the sensor device to calculate a position and orientation of the first frame of reference. An alteration parameter calculator is associated with the position/orientation calculator to determine a position and orientation of the bone-altering tool in the secured configuration as a function of the position and orientation of the first frame of reference and of the secured configuration. A method for tracking tools using the tracking of a bone is provided.

Abstract: A registration pointer for registering points of surfaces of bodily elements in computer-assisted surgery, comprising a handle for being manipulated by a pointer operator. A stem is connected to the handle and has a first and a second tip configurations each having a respective use relating to a registration of points on specified bodily elements. A detectable device is secured to the stem, and is adapted to be tracked in space for position and orientation by a sensing apparatus. A position of the tip configurations with respect to the detectable device is determinable such that a position of the tip configurations is calculable as a function of the position and orientation of the detectable device. The tip configurations are chosen to register points on given bodily elements as a function of the respective use, by recording a position of points of contact between the tip configurations and the given bodily element.

Abstract: A tracker device of the type is associated with a surgical instrument and being trackable in space by a CAS system such that a position of the surgical instrument is calculable. A support is adapted to be connected to the surgical instrument. Optical elements are mounted to the support in a first pattern so as to be detectable by the CAS system along a first range of visibility. Other optical elements are mounted to the support in a second pattern so as to be detectable by the CAS system along a second range of visibility, with the first range of visibility and the second range of visibility having at most a common portion, whereby a position of the surgical instrument is tracked within the first and the second range of visibility as a function of the detection of any one of the patterns of the optical elements.

Abstract: A method of determining a center of curvature of the spherical outer surface of an object using a computer system is provided. The method includes defining at least one contact region on the spherical outer surface in a plane substantially tangential to a circumference thereof and a first reference axis normal to said plane. Spatial coordinates of at least one of a first and a second geometric parameter are determined, the first geometric parameter including at least two points located on the spherical outer surface and the second geometric parameter including a second reference axis normal to the spherical outer surface. The center of curvature of the spherical outer surface is then calculated using the first reference axis and at least one of the first and second geometric parameters. An associated system and calibration device is also provided.

Abstract: A surgical device adapted for use with an image guided surgical system to facilitate monitoring inter-dependently mobile bone elements. A rigidly connected multiple-point anchor assembly is releasably engageable to at least two inter-dependently mobile bone elements and immobilizes the bone elements such that no relative movement therebetween is possible, and a complex rigid body comprising the immobilized bone elements and the multiple-point anchor assembly is formed. A trackable member is fastened to the multiple-point anchor assembly and comprises a detectable element adapted to be located and tracked in three dimensional space by the image guided surgical system, thereby defining position and movement of the complex rigid body.

Abstract: A system for automatic calibration of instruments (S) having varying cross-sectional dimensions within a predetermined range and having detectable elements (110, 112, 113, 114) thereon for computer-aided surgery, comprising a calibration base (C) having detectable elements (43, 44, 46, 48) secured thereto for detecting a position and an orientation thereof in space by sensors (204) connected to a position calculator (202). The calibration base is adapted to receive and to releasably secure a working shaft (100) of any of the instruments (S) and provides an abutting surface (14) for a tip (102) thereof in such a way that a position and orientation of the tip (102) of the instrument (S) secured therein is calculable when working shaft cross-section dimensions thereof are known. The position calculator (202) receives instrument data (214) and calibration data (218) from an operator through a user interface (206) and stores the instrument data (214) and calibration data (218) for subsequent calibrations.