Abstract: An interoperable subnet system may include multiple subnets. A subnet may execute one or more operations and generate a proof of computational integrity of the one or more operations. The subnet may include a certificate interface that generates a certificate of the proof of computational integrity associated with the subnet. The system may also include a certificate-recording system in communication with the subnets. The certificate-recording system stores a plurality of certificates from different subnets. The certificates stored allow the subnet to perform verification and to execute cross-subnet operations. In some embodiments, the certificates may include zero-knowledge proof and the certificate-recording system may enforce weak causality connections among certificates to allow fast verification of certificates while preserving privacy of each subnet.

Abstract: An interoperable subnet system may include multiple subnets. A subnet may execute one or more operations and generate a proof of computational integrity of the one or more operations. The subnet may include a certificate interface that generates a certificate of the proof of computational integrity associated with the subnet. The system may also include a certificate-recording system in communication with the subnets. The certificate-recording system stores a plurality of certificates from different subnets. The certificates stored allow the subnet to perform verification and to execute cross-subnet operations. In some embodiments, the certificates may include zero-knowledge proof and the certificate-recording system may enforce weak causality connections among certificates to allow fast verification of certificates while preserving privacy of each subnet.

Abstract: Disclosed is a configuration for execution of a cross-chain protocol. The configuration receives, from a subnetwork of a plurality of subnetworks, a certificate comprising a plurality of dependencies specifying a substantially causal ordering of the certificate. The configuration applies the certificate and the plurality of dependencies of the certificate to a certificate digest. The configuration broadcasts a message to a peer-to-peer network communicatively linked to the plurality of subnetworks using a broadcast primitive. The message comprises the certificate and the certificate digest. The configuration compares the plurality of dependencies of the certificate in the certificate digest to a plurality of dependencies of the certificate in a certificate history. The configuration validates the certificate based on the comparison, and, applies the certificate digest to the certificate history based on the validation.

Abstract: A system and a method are disclosed for enabling cross-chain transactions between a first blockchain and a second blockchain. A certificate for a cross-chain transaction processed by a sidechain is received. Additionally, a verification key associated with the sidechain is received. Moreover, information related to the cross-chain transaction processed by the sidechain is received. Based on the verification key associated with the sidechain, the validity of the certificate is verified using a zero-knowledge proof. In response to determining the validity of the certificate, the cross-chain transaction is processed based on the received information related to the cross-chain transaction processed by the sidechain.