Abstract: A method, encoded in a logic medium, is provided which determines a carrier-frequency offset in an output signal of a transmission system. Such a transmission system uses a periodic training sequence having an associated spectrum. A measured spectral characteristic of an overall channel and an ideal spectral characteristic are given as inputs. The method comprises (a) determining a frequency shift in the overall channel characteristic by obtaining a spectral characteristic of the measured channel, and (b) utilizing the amount by which the measured spectral characteristic is shifted with respect to the ideal spectral characteristic to estimate the carrier frequency offset.