Abstract: A pierce metal includes a head and a shaft. The shaft is configured to penetrate through an aluminum die-cast member with a protruded tip surface of the shaft being exposed from the aluminum die-cast member, and an outer peripheral surface of the shaft is configured to come into contact with a through-hole of the aluminum die-cast member, upon joining the aluminum die-cast member and the iron-based member together. The head and the iron-based member in contact with the protruded tip surface are configured to be held under pressure and applied with electric power by weld electrodes to perform spot welding of the protruded tip surface and the iron-based member, upon joining the aluminum die-cast member and the iron-based member together. The outer peripheral surface includes a non-contact part configured to come into non-contact with the through-hole in a state in which the shaft is penetrated through the aluminum die-cast member.

Abstract: A pierce metal includes a head and a shaft. The shaft is configured to penetrate through an aluminum die-cast member with a protruded tip surface of the shaft being exposed from the aluminum die-cast member, and an outer peripheral surface of the shaft is configured to come into contact with a through-hole of the aluminum die-cast member, upon joining the aluminum die-cast member and the iron-based member together. The head and the iron-based member in contact with the protruded tip surface are configured to be held under pressure and applied with electric power by weld electrodes to perform spot welding of the protruded tip surface and the iron-based member, upon joining the aluminum die-cast member and the iron-based member together. The outer peripheral surface includes a non-contact part configured to come into non-contact with the through-hole in a state in which the shaft is penetrated through the aluminum die-cast member.

Abstract: A swing mechanism of a steering axle in a three-wheeled industrial vehicle has a steering axle, a pair of steerable wheels, a steering shaft, a center pin and a holder. The steerable wheels are supported on both sides of the steering axle. The steering shaft is connected to the steering axle for rotating the steering axle in a steered direction and is synchronously rotated with a steering wheel of the vehicle. The center pin is arranged at a lower end of the steering shaft in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The holder is formed on the steering axle and is coupled to the center pin so as to be swingable.

Abstract: A film laminate permitting the formation of a fine pattern and being excellent in electrical reliability is provided. The film laminate is characterized in that a plasma CVD layer of an organic metal compound and an electrically conductive layer are successively formed on at least one side of a heat-resistant polymer film.

Abstract: A swing mechanism of a steering axle in a three-wheeled industrial vehicle has a steering axle, a pair of steerable wheels, a steering shaft, a center pin and a holder. The steerable wheels are supported on both sides of the steering axle. The steering shaft is connected to the steering axle for rotating the steering axle in a steered direction and is synchronously rotated with a steering wheel of the vehicle. The center pin is arranged at a lower end of the steering shaft in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The holder is formed on the steering axle and is coupled to the center pin so as to be swingable.