Abstract: An optical packet exchange apparatus and an optical switch in which search for a connection pattern between an input unit devoid of a packet to be transmitted and an output unit devoid of a packet to be received is reduced to enable fast switch control even in cases wherein the number of channels of the exchange apparatus is increased or network speed is higher. A plurality of input units, a plurality of output units and an optical switch are provided. Each input unit includes an input buffer unit, a parallel/serial conversion unit, an electrical/optical conversion unit, and a dummy packet insertion unit for sending a dummy packet if there is no packet to be transmitted. Each output unit includes an exchange counterpart contention resolution unit for controlling the exchange counterpart, an optical/electrical conversion unit, a serial/parallel conversion unit, and a packet eliminating unit. The exchange counterpart contention resolution unit controls the packet eliminating unit to eliminate a dummy packet.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical network which has: wavelength tunable optical transmitters of number MN, where N is an integer of two or more, each of which outputs an optical signal with arbitrary one of M wavelengths &lgr;1, &lgr;2, . . . , &lgr;M, where M is an integer of two or more, that are different from one another; a MN×N optical switch whose input ports are connected to the respective wavelength tunable optical transmitters of number MN, and which allows optical signals input to different input ports to be output form its same output port; 1×M optical wavelength demultiplexers of number N which output demultiplexing optical signal with wavelengths &lgr;1, &lgr;2, . . . , &lgr;M input from output ports of the MN×N optical switch into each wavelength; and optical receivers of number MN which receive optical signals input from the 1×M optical wavelength demultiplexers of number N.

Abstract: The first present invention provides an optical switch including the following elements. At least a plurality of optical transmission lines are provided for transmissions of optical signals. Each of the at least plurality of optical transmission lines have a least an impurity doped fiber. At least an excitation light source is provided for emitting an excitation light.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved adapter for end-to-end abutting and connecting the ferrules of confronting optical cables. It uses resilient means which cooperates with the collars of the ferrules to cause the confronting ferrules to abut on each other as a counter action of the stretching or compressing of the resilient means, thus assuring that the confronting optical cables be put in good connection. The adapter is appropriate for mounting on a printed circuit board, and is simple in structure, small in size and less expensive.

Abstract: A bit synchronization circuit operates at high speed range as high as Gb/s or higher and can establish synchronization within 10 bits with rejecting jitter to permit accurate bit synchronization. The bit synchronization circuit thus generates a plurality of clocks having mutually different phases in synchronism with an input reference clock. A phase relationship between a plurality of clocks and an input data to be decided is discriminated by a phase comparator circuit. The clock having optimal phase relationship, namely clock having level transition timing having at a substantially center portion of mutually adjacent level transition timing of the input data, is determined by a phase determination circuit. An decision circuit and selector are provided for deciding input data at the level transition timing of the determined clock.

Abstract: The first present invention provides an optical switch including the following elements. At least a plurality of optical transmission lines are provided for transmissions of optical signals. Each of the at least plurality of optical transmission lines have at least an impurity doped fiber. At least an excitation light source is provided for emitting an excitation light.

Abstract: A minimum value renewal holder (33) for renewing and displaying a detected value (D) detected by a displacement sensor (9) on a display (10) when a spindle is moving in an advancing direction relative to an anvil and for holding a displayed value on the display (10) when the spindle moves in a retracting direction relative to the anvil and a retraction amount thereof (D−Dm) is less than a set amount (&agr;), and a minimum value hold releasing potion (34) for releasing minimum value hold status when the spindle moves in the retracting direction relative to the anvil and the retraction amount (D−Dm) is not less than the set amount (&agr;) are provided. Accordingly, the displayed value can be kept even when the anvil backs unpreparedly.

Abstract: A micrometer includes: a main body having an anvil at one end thereof, a spindle having a screwed portion engaging an opposite end of the main body and being displaceable in an axial direction and with respect to the anvil in conjunction with rotation of the spindle, and an encoder detecting an axial displacement amount of the spindle from a rotation amount of the spindle, so that a measurement value based on an output signal of the encoder is digitally displayed. The micrometer includes a thimble provided on the opposite end of the main body and the thimble is rotatable about the axis of the spindle at a predetermined position in the axial direction of the spindle. The thimble is formed with a guide groove parallel with the axial direction of the spindle in an inner peripheral surface thereof. The spindle includes an engagement pin located in the spindle and slidably engaging with the guide groove of the thimble.

Abstract: An ultrasonic shower cleaning apparatus includes a casing, a nozzle mounted to the downstream end of the casing, a substantially circular ultrasonic transducer operable to emit ultrasonic waves and oriented to face the upstream end of the nozzle, and an inlet port formed in the periphery of the casing to receive a cleaning liquid. The nozzle includes a right circular cylindrical outlet port through which the cleaning liquid along with the ultrasonic waves are released so as to ultrasonically clean an article. The outlet port extends axially through the nozzle and has a fixed diameter. The upstream end face of the nozzle is cone-shaped so as to be tapered in a direction toward the downstream end of the nozzle from its outer edge to the outlet port at a predetermined angle of inclination.

Abstract: A dial gauge with a simplified structure and reductions in number of parts and production costs. In the dial gauge having a case 10 which is composed of a case body 11, a front case member 21 provided on the front of the case body 11, and a rear case member 31 provided on the rear of the case body 11, the case body 11 and the front case member 21 are combinedly formed by using plastic materials. The rear case member 31 includes a rear cover and a reinforcing plate covering the rear of the case body 11.

Abstract: A rotatable rotor 41 and a stator 51 located at a predetermined gap between outer circumferential face of the rotor 41 provided with half-cylindrical inner circumferential face are provided. The both ends of the outer circumferential face of the rotor 41 are provided with a step portion 44 to retain a predetermined gap between the opposing faces of the rotor 41 and the stator 51, and a stopper portion 45 to be abutted to both end faces of the stator in the axial direction. A forcing means 61(plate spring) are also provided to force the stator 51 to the rotor 41 so that the inner circumferential face of the stator is abutted at the step portion 44.

Abstract: A main scale graduation, an auxiliary scale graduation or the like provided in a conventional micrometer is omitted, and a thimble 71 is provided at a regular position in the axial direction of the spindle 61 through a sleeve 51 in a frame 1 to rotate about the axis of a spindle 61. Between the thimble 71 and the spindle 61, a rotation transfer means 81 for transferring the rotation of the thimble 71 to the spindle 61 and allowing the spindle 61 to displace in the axial direction of the spindle 61. As the rotation transfer means 81, a ratchet system 82 is used.

Abstract: A back-plunger type displacement detecting apparatus is provided having a thinner case. The back-plunger type displacement detecting apparatus has a spindle secured to the case to extend perpendicular to the display surface of a digital display unit. A movable member is secured to the case and extends perpendicular to the direction of movement of the spindle. A converting mechanism converts the displacement of the spindle into displacement of the movable member. An electrical unit detects the displacement of the movable member and displays the detected value on the digital display unit.

Abstract: A dimension measuring instrument has a main scale 2 and a slider 3 in a state to move relatively, each of the main scale 2 and the slider 3 having a jaw 4, 5. These jaws 4, 5 are provided with finger lay portions 7, 9 thereon, respectively. In a measurement procedure, a pair of jaws 4, 5 urged by figures held in the finger lay portions 7, 9 is reciprocally opened and closed without any spring to catch the object to be measured, of which arrangement is advantageous for simple structure and reasonable price of the instrument. In particular to a fat thickness measurement, the object portion can be almost held with fingers, so that the operator can perform by himself in the home.

Abstract: A displacement measuring device wherein a measuring element slidably supported on a main frame is provided and the length or the like of a work to be measured is measured from a displacement value of said measuring element when the forward end of said measuring element is abutted against said work to be measured, characterized in that said device comprises: a feed member provided on said main frame in a manner to be able to reciprocate within a predetermined range; a vertically movable member interlocked with and driven by said feed member, to thereby vertically move said measuring element; and a load applying means for applying a load to said vertically movable member through the utilization of a relative movement between said feed member and said vertically movable member when said vertically movable member is braked after said measuring element has been abutted against said work to be measured.

Abstract: An instrument for measuring the shape of the outer surface, i.e., the contour of a workpiece. In this contour measuring instrument, the tip of a stylus fixed on one end of a rotatable arm is brought into contact with the outer surface of the workpiece, the arm in this condition is moved in the axial direction thereof, and the vertical movement of the stylus tracing the irregularities on the outer surface of the workpiece is detected by a differential transformer so as to measure the contour of the workpiece.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is a measuring device such as a micrometer, slide calipers, a depth gauge or a height gauge, in which a slider is so provided that it can move back and forth in the same direction of such a relatively movable portion as can move relative to a frame and that it can be fixed on said frame at any position in the forward and backward moving directions thereof, and in which there is interposed between said slider and said relatively movable portion such spring bias means as can apply its spring force to said relatively movable portion in the forward and backward moving directions of the same, whereby the measuring pressure to be applied to a test piece by said relatively movable portion can be automatically predetermined at a substantially constant level independently of the position of said relatively movable portion relative to said frame.

Abstract: A linear gauge comprising: a frame; a spindle axially slidably supported by a frame and provided at the forward end thereof with a measuring element; a movable block fixed on the inner end portion of the spindle; a glass scale fixed in the frame in parallel to the spindle; a luminous element, an index scale and a receptor element, all of which are supported by the movable block, with the glass scale interposed between the luminous element and the index scale; a takeup pulley provided at the upper portion in the frame and a guide pulley provided at the lower portion in the frame; a cord connected at one end thereof to the takeup pulley, at the other end to the movable block and wound around the guide pulley; and a spring engaged between the upper pulley and the frame for biasing the upper pulley in the rotating direction corresponding to the outwardly extending direction of the spindle.