Abstract: A hot-water heat pump that is capable of reducing installation costs and installation space and also reducing the heating time of a hot-water route, and a method of controlling the same are provided. The hot-water heat pump (1) is provided with a hot-water-heat-pump main unit (2) that includes a thermal output heat exchanger that absorbs heat from a heat-source route and outputs heat; hot-water route (5 and 6) that receive heat outputted from the thermal output heat exchanger; a three-way valve (4) provided in the outlet-side hot-water route (6); and a controller that controls the hot-water-heat-pump main unit (2) and the three-way valve (4), wherein the controller controls the size of openings of the three-way valve (4) so that a portion of the outlet-side hot-water route (6) leading out of the thermal output heat exchanger is guided to an upstream side of the thermal output heat exchanger.

Abstract: An object is to provide a turbo-refrigeration-unit control device capable of achieving stable operation and reducing the amount of refrigerant. Provided is a control device for controlling a turbo refrigeration unit that includes a centrifugal compressor, a first-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a first non-refrigerant, a condenser that performs heat exchange between the first non-refrigerant and a refrigerant, an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant, a second-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a second non-refrigerant, an evaporator that performs heat exchange between the second non-refrigerant and the refrigerant, a bypass circuit that is used to inject part of the refrigerant from a discharge port of the centrifugal compressor into a suction port of the centrifugal compressor, and a bypass-circuit control valve that controls the flow rate of the refrigerant.

Abstract: An air refrigerant type freezing and heating apparatus has a compressing mechanism that compresses an air refrigerant. As the air refrigerant is heated by a first heat exchanger and further heated by a heater, the temperature of the air refrigerant is increased to more than 200° C. and the air refrigerant is supplied to an oven. Heat of the air refrigerant outputted from the oven is recovered by a second heat exchanger, and supplied to a high-temperature side of the first heat exchanger. The air outputted from the second heat exchanger is cooled by a cooler and a third heat exchanger, is adiabatically expanded by an expansion turbine to be cooled to ?85° C., and is supplied to a freezer. The air of the freezer is recovered to be supplied to the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger, and then is supplied to the compressor.

Abstract: An object is to provide a turbo-refrigeration-unit control device capable of achieving stable operation and reducing the amount of refrigerant. Provided is a control device for controlling a turbo refrigeration unit that includes a centrifugal compressor, a first-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a first non-refrigerant, a condenser that performs heat exchange between the first non-refrigerant and a refrigerant, an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant, a second-non-refrigerant pump for supplying a second non-refrigerant, an evaporator that performs heat exchange between the second non-refrigerant and the refrigerant, a bypass circuit that is used to inject part of the refrigerant from a discharge port of the centrifugal compressor into a suction port of the centrifugal compressor, and a bypass-circuit control valve that controls the flow rate of the refrigerant.

Abstract: A hot-water heat pump that is capable of reducing installation costs and installation space and also reducing the heating time of a hot-water route, and a method of controlling the same are provided. The hot-water heat pump (1) is provided with a hot-water-heat-pump main unit (2) that includes a thermal output heat exchanger that absorbs heat from a heat-source route and outputs heat; hot-water route (5 and 6) that receive heat outputted from the thermal output heat exchanger; a three-way valve (4) provided in the outlet-side hot-water route (6); and a controller that controls the hot-water-heat-pump main unit (2) and the three-way valve (4), wherein the controller controls the size of openings of the three-way valve (4) so that a portion of the outlet-side hot-water route (6) leading out of the thermal output heat exchanger is guided to an upstream side of the thermal output heat exchanger.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for rapidly removing frost accumulated in air-refrigerant cooling apparatuses. An air-refrigerant cooling apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a bypass line for directly supplying a defroster with refrigerant air having an increased temperature from a compressor, avoiding temperature drop by a heat exchanger and an expansion turbine. Moisture of the frost melted in the defroster is externally exhausted by a fan.

Abstract: The purpose present invention is to provide an air refrigerant type cooling apparatus provided with an internal air cooling mechanism with high reliability and efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide an air refrigerant cooling/heating system with a simplified configuration using the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus. To accomplish the purpose, a heat radiating means is provided in a motor of an air refrigerant type cooling apparatus having a compressor, the motor and an expansion turbine in the present invention. Also, a pressure difference is positively generated between the inside and outside of the motor. By these means, when the motor is driven, the heat from the stator main body is exhausted to the outside of the motor through the heat radiating means and the heat from the coil end portions is exhausted through the cooling air exhausted from the inside to the outside of the motor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for rapidly removing frost accumulated in air-refrigerant cooling apparatuses. An air-refrigerant cooling apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a bypass line for directly supplying a defroster with refrigerant air having an increased temperature from a compressor, avoiding temperature drop by a heat exchanger and an expansion turbine. Moisture of the frost melted in the defroster is externally exhausted by a fan.

Abstract: An object is to provide an apparatus which performs freezing and heating with a high efficiency. A compressor generates an air refrigerant with a high temperature and a high pressure by compressing the air refrigerant. As the air refrigerant is heated by a first heat exchanger and further heated by a heater, the temperature of the air refrigerant is increased to more than 200° C. in which bread and cookies can be baked, and the air refrigerant is supplied to an oven. Heat of the air refrigerant outputted from the oven is recovered by a second heat exchanger, and supplied to a high-temperature side of the first heat exchanger. The air outputted from the second heat exchanger is cooled by a cooler and a third heat exchanger, is adiabatically expanded by an expansion turbine to be cooled to ?85° C., and is supplied to a freezer. The air of the freezer is recovered to be supplied to the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger, and then is supplied to the compressor.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to cool an inside space of cooling warehouse uniformly by using a air refrigerant type cooling apparatus. A piping for taking in air in the cooling warehouse is installed. The air taken in by the piping (higher temperature) is mixed by the air sent from the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus (lower temperature) and blown off to the cooling warehouse. The temperature of the mixed air is closer to the temperature inside of the cooling warehouse than the air sent from the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus so that the inside of the cooling warehouse is cooled more uniformly. Furthermore, the amount and speed of the air blown off into the cooling warehouse are increased so that the inside space of the cooling warehouse is more uniformly cooled.

Abstract: The purpose present invention is to provide an air refrigerant type cooling apparatus provided with an internal air cooling mechanism with high reliability and efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide an air refrigerant cooling/heating system with a simplified configuration using the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus. To accomplish the purpose, a heat radiating means is provided in a motor of an air refrigerant type cooling apparatus having a compressor, the motor and an expansion turbine in the present invention. Also, a pressure difference is positively generated between the inside and outside of the motor. By these means, when the motor is driven, the heat from the stator main body is exhausted to the outside of the motor through the heat radiating means and the heat from the coil end portions is exhausted through the cooling air exhausted from the inside to the outside of the motor.

Abstract: An air refrigerant cooling apparatus has magnetic bearings with high reliability and high efficiency. The air refrigerant cooling apparatus includes a motor having a first magnetic bearing and a second magnetic bearing for supporting a shaft, a compressor and an expansion turbine. The compressor is connected to the shaft and separated from the first magnetic bearing by a first labyrinth. The expansion turbine is connected to the shaft and separated from the second magnetic bearing by a second labyrinth. Pressure differences are generated between spaces where the first magnetic bearing and the second magnetic bearing are provided and respective inlet of the compressor and outlet of the expansion turbine by an external pressure outside the motor.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to cool an inside space of cooling warehouse uniformly by using a air refrigerant type cooling apparatus. A piping for taking in air in the cooling warehouse is installed. The air taken in by the piping (higher temperature) is mixed by the air sent from the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus (lower temperature) and blown off to the cooling warehouse. The temperature of the mixed air is closer to the temperature inside of the cooling warehouse than the air sent from the air refrigerant type cooling apparatus so that the inside of the cooling warehouse is cooled more uniformly. Furthermore, the amount and speed of the air blown off into the cooling warehouse are increased so that the inside space of the cooling warehouse is more uniformly cooled.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an air refrigerant cooling apparatus having magnetic bearings with high reliability and high efficiency. In the present invention, magnetic bearings are applied to a motor of an air refrigerant cooling apparatus which includes a compressor, the motor and an expansion turbine. To remove contamination moving into the inside of the motor from the outside through a labyrinth, a pressure difference is generated between the inside of the motor and the compressor. Thus, high-speed rotation is kept, and an air refrigerant cooling apparatus with high reliability and high efficiency can be attained. Provided near the magnetic bearings are sensors for detecting positions of the shaft in the radial and the axial directions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for rapidly removing frost accumulated in air-refrigerant cooling apparatuses. An air-refrigerant cooling apparatus in accordance with the present invention includes a bypass line for directly supplying a defroster with refrigerant air having an increased temperature from a compressor, avoiding temperature drop by a heat exchanger and an expansion turbine. Moisture of the frost melted in the defroster is externally exhausted by a fan.

Abstract: An object is to provide an apparatus which performs freezing and heating with a high efficiency. A compressor generates an air refrigerant with a high temperature and a high pressure by compressing the air refrigerant. As the air refrigerant is heated by a first heat exchanger and further heated by a heater, the temperature of the air refrigerant is increased to more than 200° C. in which bread and cookies can be baked, and the air refrigerant is supplied to an oven. Heat of the air refrigerant outputted from the oven is recovered by a second heat exchanger, and supplied to a high-temperature side of the first heat exchanger. The air outputted from the second heat exchanger is cooled by a cooler and a third heat exchanger, is adiabatically expanded by an expansion turbine to be cooled to ?85° C., and is supplied to a freezer. The air of the freezer is recovered to be supplied to the low-temperature side of the third heat exchanger, and then is supplied to the compressor.

Abstract: A rear projection screen includes a lenticular lens sheet integrally having a clear layer not containing any diffusing agent, disposed on a light receiving side and having a plurality of lenticular lenses arranged in rows, and a diffusing layer containing a diffusing agent, disposed on a light emitting side and having a plurality of lenticular lenses arranged in rows. The ratio in thickness of the diffusing layer to the lens sheet is in the range of 50% to 70%. The rear projection screen disperses G-light rays traveling perpendicularly through the rear projection screen to a higher degree than light rays of other colors to reduce the gain in order that the uniformity of light intensity distribution on the surface of the rear projection screen as viewed from a position directly in front of the rear projection screen is improved.