Abstract: In an operation of an address period for addressing cells of a display device, such as a plasma display panel, comprising a plurality of cells of three kinds, red (R), green (G), blue (B), which are arranged on a plane for forming a display surface thereof, in which each of said cells comprising: a pair of transparent electrodes provided in parallel to each other; an address electrode being positioned opposing the pair of transparent electrodes; luminescence medium provided on the address electrode; and a discharge space being defined between the pair of transparent electrodes and said fluorescence medium on the address electrode, wherein the address discharge is conducted by applying an address voltage to the address electrode, and the address voltage applied is determined depending upon the each kind of the cells, R, G and B.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a gas discharge type display panel makes it possible to manufacture an environmentally friendly substrate with high accuracy and yet at low cost. According to the manufacturing methods electrodes are formed on a back substrate by photolithography or printing, then a glass paste is printed to a height of approximately 10 &mgr;m-500 &mgr;m by printing. A barrier rib blanks are produced by rolling under pressure the glass paste by using a roller provided with grooves. The roller is heated in advance. The barrier rib blanks are sintered into the barrier ribs.

Abstract: A plurality of different fault locating functions are provided in a communication system comprising a plurality of terminals connected to a data transmission channel. The functions are at different levels, respectively, ranging from a level for rapid fault location to a level for reliable and sure fault location. Upon detection of an occurrence of a fault, one fault locating function is performed. If the fault is not located accurately located, another fault locating function of a level for more reliable is performed, thus the functions are performed sequentially in the order from the level for rapid location to the level for more deliberate and reliable location. Preferably, the channel is reconfigured to avoid the fault, according to the fault located by the functions of the respective levels. With this arrangement, a fault which does most possibly occur can be located quickly, while another fault difficult to locate can be located accurately.

Abstract: A data transmission method and system of a token passing type capable of periodically transmitting cyclic data produced in a station to other stations while enabling a packet data communication with high efficiency and without disturbing the periodicity of the cyclic communication. A token circulation time is set to be shorter than a cycle time for production of the cyclic data where no packet data to be transmitted. Also each station will pass an acquired token immediately to the next station if the station has no data to be transmitted. Thus, at least one station can have a token at least two times during the cycle time to transmit the cyclic data and the packet data. Upper limits may be set to capacities of the cyclic data and the packet data which are capable of being transmitted each time the token is acquired.

Abstract: A data transmission method and system of a token passing type capable of periodically transmitting cyclic data produced in a station to other stations while enabling a packet data communication with high efficiency and without disturbing the periodicity of the cyclic communication. A token circulation time is set to be shorter than a cycle time for production of the cyclic data where no packet data is to be transmitted. Also each station will pass an acquired token immediately to the next station if the station has no data to be transmitted. Thus, at least one station can receives a token at least two times during the cycle time to transmit the cyclic data and the packet data. Upper limits may be set to capacities of the cyclic data and the packet data which are capable of being transmitted each time the token is acquired.

Abstract: A loop transmission system having a plurality of data processor connected through respective transmission station with a common loop transmission line is disclosed. This system has a concentrator connected with a plurality of transmission stations through respective loop transmission lines. The concentrator changes the order of connection said loop transmission lines thereby to change the order of connected of said transmission stations on said loop transmission lines.

Abstract: An image display apparatus wherein a plurality of images having different attributes, such as printed text, a drawing, hand-written data and a natural picture, displayed in superposition on a display screen, are selectively and partially erased. "In this way, it is possible that" the image having a specific attribute, for example, hand-written data, in a designated area selectively erased. Accordingly, operability of the system is improved where a plurality of images having different attributes are superimposed.

Abstract: A looped data transmission system has a pair of looped transmission lines forming two transmission systems having different transmission directions, and a plurality of stations including at least one control station connected to said transmission lines of the two transmission systems. If a fault occurs in the two transmission lines of the two transmission systems in the same section, a loopback configuration is established such that stations adjacent to the faulty section send signals from one system back to the other system. With the loopback configuration being established, the stations which have received supervisory signals sent from a loopback end station send them back to the transmission line of the other system. When one of the loopback end stations has received a supervisory signal from the direction of the faulty section, it is judged that a portion of the faulty section is recovered, and the result of the judgement is communicated to the control station.

Abstract: This invention discloses a loop-back control method for loop-type data transmission systems in which, when a trouble occurs on both transmission lines of two systems, two stations adjacent to the trouble region return signals toward a control station in response to a command from the control station, thereby to separate the trouble region and continue the operation. According to this invention, when the control station detects the occurrence of a trouble on the transmission lines of the two systems, it sends out a broadcast command to search for the trouble point to the transmission lines of both systems and thereafter a loop-back command is issued so that the stations adjacent to the trouble point can loop-back the transmission.

Abstract: A duplex transmission control system having active and inactive systems for totally controlling a looped transmission line on which computers and terminal devices are connected through respective stations. Each transmission control unit is operable to transmit and receive specific data related to the priority level specified for each unit. Each transmission control unit suspends the transmission of the clock for a certain period in response to the detection of the clock suspension, then transmits the specific priority data. When a transmission control unit detects its own transmitted signal, it is designated as the active system when another transmission control unit receives the signal defining the active system, it is designated as the inactive system.

Abstract: A central station and a plurality of transmission stations are connected in cascade by a serial transmission line, and constitute a looped data highway system. The central station controls the whole system. The system allows the transmission station having a data signal transmission request to send out a data signal by means of a normal polling signal, but only the station having sent out the data signal by means of the preceding normal polling signal is allowed to send out the data signal again in response to a retry polling signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical switch of the rotary-type in which a pair of opposing optical transmission path mounting members are disposed on the same axis.A plurality of junction faces of optical transmission paths disposed on the respective opposing plane portions of the mounting members along phantom circles which are opposite to each other and concentric with the pair of mounting members respectively with respect to the axis so that the junction faces on the respective plane portions are capable of being correspondingly opposite to each other.When the pair of the mounting members are relatively rotated about the axis, the facing mates of the opposing junction faces of the optical transmission paths are changed over to switch the optical transmission paths.In the case where an optical path relay member is interposed between the pair of the optical transmission path mounting members, the optical transmission paths can be switched by only the rotation of the optical path relay member.

Abstract: The periodicity of an input signal is monitored by means of a re-triggerable one-shot multivibrator. When an input signal interruption is detected by the output of the multivibrator, the state of the input signal interruption is held to interrupt the transmission until a phase locked loop is demodulated. The transmission is not opened until the phase locked loop is brought into its synchronous state.

Abstract: A loop type data highway system in which a plurality of data transmission control stations (abbreviated hereinafter as stations) are connected to a single loop transmission line for data transmission and reception between any desired ones. A transmit station transmitting data makes a compare check to compare successive predetermined unit lengths of the transmitted data with the corresponding ones of the data returning after travelling round the loop, thereby detecting an error occurring during the data transmission when non-coincidence exists therebetween. A receive station receiving the data monitors the number of data words to be received, thereby detecting an error occurring during the data transmission when a data transmission end signal is detected prior to arrival of all the data words. Upon detection of the error occurring during the data transmission, the transmit station transmits the data transmission end signal to the receive station to inform the receive station of occurrence of the error.

Abstract: A signal checking system for use in a hardware system having a converter for converting coded input signals consisting of a plurality of bits into corresponding individual signals, wherein undesirable selection of an erroneous output and multiple outputs by the converter is detected by means adapted for checking the relation between the input to the converter and the output of a first coder connected to the converter and checking the complementary relation between the output of the first coder and the output of a second coder connected to the converter.