Abstract: A flexible wiring board is provided having a wiring structure which can reduce transmission loss by reducing impedance mismatching even if being folded in a three-dimensional manner. In a flexible wiring board 10 having a characteristic impedance control circuit 20, the flexible wiring board has a planar projection shape of a folded spot 20A in the characteristic impedance control circuit after folding in an arc state along a tangent.

Abstract: A method of measuring the number of bacteria according to the present invention includes step (a) through step (d). First, in step (a), a to-be-measured sample (specimen) including a predetermined bacterial strain (such as Escherichia coli or coliform bacteria) is added to a predetermined medium (such as a medium used for a specific enzyme substrate culture medium method). In step (b), a current value flowing through the medium added with the sample is measured with an oxygen electrode at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined constant voltage. In step (c), time required is measured for the current value that has decreased temporarily after starting the measurement of step (b) to increase thereafter to exceed a predetermined threshold value. In step (d), the initial number of bacteria of the bacterial strain included in the sample is calculated based on the time required.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to accurately control temperatures of microorganisms or the like. In the present invention, a temperature controller comprises a plurality of cells for storing microorganisms or the like, heaters, and a cooling section. The heaters selectively heat the plurality of cells, and the cooling section wholly cools the plurality of cells. When the maximum value of temperature of a plurality of places is not lower than a first lower limit, the cooling section is driven. When a temperature of one place is not higher than a first lower limit, the heater to heat the place is driven. When the maximum value is not higher than a second lower limit, the cooling section is stopped. When a temperature of one place is not lower than a second upper limit, the heater to heat the place is not driven.

Abstract: A flexible wiring board is provided having a wiring structure which can reduce transmission loss by reducing impedance mismatching even if being folded in a three-dimensional manner. In a flexible wiring board 10 having a characteristic impedance control circuit 20, the flexible wiring board has a planar projection shape of a folded spot 20A in the characteristic impedance control circuit after folding in an arc state along a tangent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a temperature control device, and has an object to accurately control temperatures of microorganisms or cells when for example applied to culture and so on of the microorganisms or cells, for example. The temperature control device includes a plurality of cell parts (2) holding microorganisms or cells, a heater (1), and a cooling unit (7). The heater (1) is provided around the cell parts (2) to heat the cell parts (2). The cooling unit (7) includes a cooling fan (71), a cooling fin (72), an aluminum conduction block (73), a Peltier element (74), a radiating fin (75), and a radiating fan (76). Air (701) is supplied to the cooling fin (72) via the cooling fan (71). The air (701) is cooled in the cooling fin (72) because heat is moved from the air (701) to the cooling (72). Air (702) having been cooled is sent to the cell parts (2) to cool the cell parts (2). Temperatures inside the cell parts are controlled by controlling operations of the heater (1) and the cooling unit (7).

Abstract: The present invention has an object to selectively culture either one of mold and yeast, both of which are fungi, with priority. In order to attaint the object, a cell parts group 101 is heated by a heating mechanism 102 and cooled by a cooling mechanism 103. These operations are controlled by a heating-and-cooling control unit 104, and for instance, approximately 27° C. and 30 to 32° C. are switched to be adopted to a culturing temperature. Such temperature is set by a temperature-setting unit 105. By setting the culturing temperature to approximately 27° C. and 30 to 32° C., respectively, fungi and yeast will easily be selectively cultured with priority, respectively, in culture media provided in the cell parts group 101.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to accurately control temperatures of microorganisms or the like. In the present invention, a temperature controller comprises a plurality of cells for storing microorganisms or the like, heaters and a cooling section. The heaters selectively heat the plurality of cells, and the cooling section wholly cools the plurality of cells. When the maximum value of temperature of a plurality of places is not lower than a first lower limit, the cooling section is driven. When a temperature of one place is not higher than a first lower limit, the heater to heat the place is driven. When the maximum value is not higher than a second lower limit, the cooling section is stopped. When a temperature of one place is not lower than a second upper limit, the heater to heat the place is not driven.

Abstract: A method of measuring the number of bacteria according to the present invention includes step (a) through step (d). First, in step (a), a to-be-measured sample (specimen) including a predetermined bacterial strain (such as Escherichia coli or coliform bacteria) is added to a predetermined medium (such as a medium used for a specific enzyme substrate culture medium method). In step (b), a current value flowing through the medium added with the sample is measured with an oxygen electrode at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined constant voltage. In step (c), time required is measured for the current value that has decreased temporarily after starting the measurement of step (b) to increase thereafter to exceed a predetermined threshold value. In step (d), the initial number of bacteria of the bacterial strain included in the sample is calculated based on the time required.

Abstract: Various settings used in a process proceeding in line with a flow chart are reset. An oxygen current is measured. A slope of the oxygen current is obtained. A determination is made as to whether or not the slope can be considered to become stable. A first measuring time is determined. In order to determine the stability of the slope, the oxygen current is sequentially measured and the slope of the oxygen current is updated until the slope is determined to become stable. When the slope is determined to become stable, the first measuring time is determined. When the slope is not determined to become stable, the oxygen current is further measured.

Abstract: A method of constructing a calibration curve in a determination of microbial counts is provided. An immunoassay of the present invention is characterized in that samples of a specimen material are prepared so that microbial counts therein are altered.