Abstract: An exposure unit includes a lens group having a plurality of lenses arrayed in a first direction and an element array which is arranged to face the lens group and includes a plurality of organic EL elements arrayed in parallel with the first direction on a substrate, a drive circuit including a plurality of TFT circuits for controlling luminance per unit time of the organic EL element is arranged on the substrate, and the TFT circuit controls the luminance of the organic EL element based on a signal created by an area gray scale method.

Abstract: An exposure unit includes a lens group having a plurality of lenses arrayed in a first direction and an element array which is arranged to face the lens group and includes a plurality of organic EL elements arrayed in parallel with the first direction on a substrate, a drive circuit including a plurality of TFT circuits for controlling luminance per unit time of the organic EL element is arranged on the substrate, and the TFT circuit controls the luminance of the organic EL element based on a signal created by an area gray scale method.

Abstract: An exposure unit includes a lens group having a plurality of lenses arrayed in a first direction and an element array which is arranged to face the lens group and includes a plurality of organic EL elements arrayed in parallel with the first direction on a substrate, a drive circuit including a plurality of TFT circuits for controlling luminance per unit time of the organic EL element is arranged on the substrate, and the TFT circuit controls the luminance of the organic EL element based on a signal created by an area gray scale method.

Abstract: An exposure unit includes a lens group having a plurality of lenses arrayed in a first direction and an element array which is arranged to face the lens group and includes a plurality of organic EL elements arrayed in parallel with the first direction on a substrate, a drive circuit including a plurality of TFT circuits for controlling luminance per unit time of the organic EL element is arranged on the substrate, and the TFT circuit controls the luminance of the organic EL element based on a signal created by an area gray scale method.

Abstract: In case of forming films in plural positions with an ink jet head having plural nozzles, to provide a method of efficiently correcting an aberration in the liquid droplet applying position resulting for example from a distortion of a substrate, thereby producing an electron source with a high production yield. Positions of device electrodes 2, 3 on the electron source substrate 1 are detected by fetching in advance a surface image of the substrate 1, then a position of an electroconductive film 4 is calculated as a liquid droplet applying position, and an inclination angle ? of the ink jet head 11 is so regulated that a pitch of the nozzles 12 matches a pitch d of the obtained liquid droplet applying positions.

Abstract: In case of forming films in plural positions with an ink jet head having plural nozzles, to provide a method of efficiently correcting an aberration in the liquid droplet applying position resulting for example from a distortion of a substrate, thereby producing an electron source with a high production yield. Positions of device electrodes 2, 3 on the electron source substrate 1 are detected by fetching in advance a surface image of the substrate 1, then a position of an electroconductive film 4 is calculated as a liquid droplet applying position, and an inclination angle ? of the ink jet head 11 is so regulated that a pitch of the nozzles 12 matches a pitch d of the obtained liquid droplet applying positions.

Abstract: A plurality of kinds of ink jet devices are used for different regions, respectively. For element electrode pairs arranged in the vicinity of the fixed position of a spacer for example, there is used an ink jet device having an excellent performance in drop placement accuracy, drop volume accuracy or the like. For the remaining element electrode pairs, there are used ink jet devices having an inferior performance. As a result, an electron source substrate of a high quality can be manufactured at a low cost and with a high throughput.

Abstract: An electronic device manufacturing apparatus includes a gas removal means for removing a gas dissolved in a liquid containing the formation material of a member constituting an electronic device, a droplet discharge means for discharging droplets of the liquid, and a means for controlling the relative positions of the droplet discharge means and a substrate on which the electronic device is formed. The droplets are applied to a predetermined position on the substrate. The gas removal means includes a closed vessel filled with a membrane formed from a semi-transmitting film capable of transmitting a gas, and a vacuum unit for evacuating the closed vessel.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device manufacturing method comprising a gas removal step of removing a gas dissolved in a liquid containing a formation material of an electroconductive film in which an electron emitting area is to be formed, a temperature adjusting step of adjusting a temperature of the liquid from which the gas is removed, and a droplet discharge step of discharging droplets of which the temperature is adjusted by droplet discharge means in an ink jet manner, while controlling relative positions of the droplet discharge means and a substrate on which the electroconductive film in which the electron-emitting area is to be formed is formed. The droplets are thereby applied to a predetermined position on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electronic device including a step of giving a droplet 12 of a liquid containing a formation material of a member that constitutes the electronic device to a plurality of portions on a substrate 1 while said substrate 1 and a droplet ejecting portion 7 are moved relatively in an in-surface direction of said substrate 1, wherein the droplet 12 is given while a position on a droplet given surface to which the droplet is given is corrected in accordance with the distribution of distances between the ejecting portion 7 and the droplet 12 given surface on the substrate which occurs when the substrate 1 and the ejecting portion 7 are relatively moved. Thereby forming the member constituting the electronic device accurately at the plural portion on the substrate 1, and thus forming plural electronic device of same charactoristics.

Abstract: A plurality of kinds of ink jet devices (109 and 110) are properly used for regions. For element electrode pairs (2 and 3) arranged in the vicinity of the fixed position of a spacer (91), for example, there is used an ink jet device (109) having an excellent performance such as a drop placement accuracy or a drop volume accuracy. For the remaining element electrode pairs (2 and 3), there are used ink jet devices (110) having an inferior performance. As a result, an electron source substrate of a high quality can be manufactured at a low cost and in a high throughput.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, for forming a film locally on a substrate, which comprises the steps of detecting the state of the substrate employing the obtained result to calculate positional information concerning a plurality of locations at which the material for the film is to be provided to form the film, and providing the material for the film at the plurality of locations based on the positional information that is obtained for the plurality of locations.

Abstract: In order to suppress variation in delivery amounts in dispensing a material for forming electron emitting portions, a substantially homogeneous material is dispensed from a plurality of output portions to each of plural objective portions. This averages amounts of the material dispensed to the respective objective portions even if there is variation in delivery amounts of material from the respective output portions.

Abstract: In a method for producing an electron source substrate having a matrix of electron emitting elements formed by dispensing droplets of a solution containing a material for conductive thin film between each pair of element electrodes arranged in a matrix pattern on substrate, by use of an ink jet device, the ink jet device is the one having plural nozzles, delivery amounts of the respective nozzles are detected, the delivery amounts of the respective nozzles are adjusted based on the detection results, and thereafter dispensing of the droplets is carried out, during the dispensing of droplets, the substrate is moved relative to the ink jet device, and the droplets are dispensed from the plural nozzles to areas between each pair of element electrodes in plural rows or columns simultaneously and in parallel. An image forming apparatus is produced by placing at least a face plate equipped with fluorescent substance opposite the electron source substrate produced by the above method.

Abstract: In a light source apparatus, the polarization mode of oscillation light from a semiconductor laser is switchable between two different polarization modes when a modulation current is injected into a portion of a light waveguide of the semiconductor laser. Light in one polarization mode and light in the other polarization mode are separately obtained from the oscillation light from the semiconductor laser. At least the light in one of the two different polarization modes is converted to an electric signal. Current injected into the semiconductor laser is controlled based on the electric signal such that a modulation state of light from the semiconductor laser is stabilized. The light in the other polarization mode, or light in one polarization mode emitted from the other emission side of the semiconductor laser may be used for optical transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a displacement of an object comprises a light source element for emitting a detection light beam, a reflection member for reflecting the detection light beam from the light source element, the detection light beam being irradiated to the object by the reflection by the reflection member, a photo-sensing element for sensing the detection light beam reflected from the object by a photo-sensing plane thereof to detect an incident position of the detection light beam on the photo-sensing plane, displacement information of the object being determined in accordance with the detection by the photo-sensing element, and a substrate having the light source element, the reflection member and the photo-sensing element arranged thereon.

Abstract: A first light waveguide is formed, and second and third light waveguides are respectively connected to the first light waveguide at first and second positions. A first coupler for effecting tight branching and/or combining is arranged near the first position, and a second coupler for effecting light branching and/or combining is arranged near the second position. An optical amplifier is arranged on the first light waveguide between the first and second positions for compensating for a light loss of a light wave caused by each of the first and second coupler.

Abstract: An automatic sub-mold changer for use in an injection molding machine having a pair of molds in which sub-molds are detachably installed in an open state of the molds includes a sub-mold stock device for stocking plural sub-molds therein, the sub-mold stock device being spaced from the pair of molds on the injection molding machine. An arm device having an end portion which carries chucks to which the sub-molds are detachably affixed is movable between a first position juxtaposed to the sub-mold stock device and a second position juxtaposed to the pair of molds on the injection molding machine.