Abstract: A photo-detection apparatus includes a light-shielding film, an optically-coupled layer, a photodetector, and an optical system. In the light-shielding film, light-transmitting regions and light-shielding regions are alternately arranged in at least a first direction within a plane. The optically-coupled layer faces the light-shielding film and includes a grating that propagates light in the first direction. The photodetector includes first photo-detection cells and second photo-detection cells arranged on an imaging area. The optical system is disposed between the optically-coupled layer and the photodetector. An image of light transmitted by parts of the optically-coupled layer that face each of the light-transmitting regions and light-shielding regions is enlarged or reduced by the optical system and formed on a corresponding one of the first and second photo-detection cells.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an image sensor, an optical system, a control circuit, and a signal processing circuit. The image sensor includes a light-shielding film in which light-transmitting regions and light-shielding regions are alternately arranged in at least a first direction within a plane, a photodetector disposed opposite the light-shielding film, and an optically-coupled layer disposed between the light-shielding film and the photodetector. The optically-coupled layer includes a grating which generates a propagating light that propagates in the first direction and a transmitting light that transmits the optically-coupled layer when light of a predetermined wavelength enters the light-transmitting regions. The signal processing circuit extracts two different frames from frames included in a moving image acquired by the image sensor.

Abstract: A photo-detection system includes: a photo-detection apparatus including a light-shielding film, an optically-coupled layer, and a photodetector including first and second photo-detection cells; and an arithmetic circuit that generates, based on first signals and second signals, third signals each representing coherence of light having entered a position of each of the first and second photo-detection cells and generates at least one selected from the group consisting of an average value of the third signals, a standard deviation of the third signals, a ratio between the standard deviation and the average value, and a ratio between an average value of a first portion of the third signals based on light having entered the positions of the first photo-detection cells and an average value of a second portion of the third signals based on light having entered the positions of the second photo-detection cells.

Abstract: In one aspect, an apparatus includes a first light source that applies first light having a first wavelength as a center wavelength to an object, a second light source that applies second light having a second wavelength as a center wavelength longer than the first wavelength to the object, an optical filter that includes first and second regions and that transmits third light produced by the first and second light each passed through or reflected by the object, first and second optical detectors that determine first and second amounts, respectively, of the third light passed through the first and second regions. The transmission ranges of spectral transmission curves of the first and second regions are located between the first wavelength and the second wavelength. The spectral transmission curve of the first region has a width at half maximum different from that of the spectral transmission curve of the second region.

Abstract: A display device of the disclosure includes a projector including optical elements to project images on left or right eye of an observer and a frame connected to the projector for mounting on the observer. With the frame mounted on the observer, at least part of the projector is placed in visual fields of the eyes, and length from tangent point between leftmost one among lines of sight of the left eye overlapping outline of at least the part and the outline to intersection between an imaginary line through the tangent point parallel to direction of pupillary distance of the observer and rightmost one among lines of sight of the right eye overlapping the outline is shorter than the pupillary distance in a top plan view of the display device.

Abstract: An image display device includes a display including a plurality of light emitting elements that are two-dimensionally arranged, the plurality of light emitting elements being divided into a plurality of division regions, each of which includes more than one of the plurality of light emitting elements; and a lens that is located near a surface of the display so as to correspond to the division regions and that forms a display image by focusing each of images displayed in the respective division regions as a real image or a virtual image so that the focused images overlap on a same image plane.

Abstract: A light detection device includes a light detector including first detectors and second detectors both disposed along a main surface; a light coupling layer disposed on or above the light detector; and a light shielding film disposed on the light coupling layer. The light coupling layer includes a first low-refractive-index layer, a first high-refractive-index layer that is disposed on the first low-refractive-index layer and includes a first grating, and a second low-refractive-index layer that is disposed on the first high-refractive-index layer. The light shielding film includes a light transmitting region and a light shielding region adjacent to the light transmitting region. The light transmitting region faces two or more first detectors included in the first detectors, and the light shielding region faces two or more second detectors included in the second detectors.

Abstract: A light detection device includes a light detector including a first detector and a second detector; a light coupling layer disposed on or above the light detector; and a polarizer array that is disposed on the light coupling layer. The light coupling layer includes a first low-refractive-index layer, a first high-refractive-index layer including a first grating and a second grating adjacent to the first grating, and a second low-refractive-index layer in this order. The polarizer array includes a first polarizer that transmits light polarized in one direction and a second polarizer that is adjacent to the first polarizer and blocks the light polarized in the one direction. The first grating and the first polarizer face the first detector, and the second grating and the second polarizer face the second detector.

Abstract: A photodetection device comprises: an image sensor that includes first pixels, second pixels, third pixels, and fourth pixels; an interference element that includes first incident regions and second incident regions; and an optical system that causes light in a first wavelength band to be incident on the first incident regions and causes light in a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band to be incident on the second incident regions. The interference element causes first interference of part of the light in the first wavelength band incident on two first incident regions that are included in the first incident regions. The interference element also causes second interference of part of the light in the second wavelength band incident on two second incident regions.

Abstract: A solid-state image sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a photodetector array 100 in which photodetectors A and B are arranged two-dimensionally within an image capturing plane. Some of those photodetectors B located in multiple different mutually intersecting directions with respect to each photodetector A are adjacent to the photodetector A. The sensor further includes a light-splitting element array 200 in which a plurality of light-splitting elements 30, each including a phase filter 3, are arranged two-dimensionally and which is configured so that each of the light-splitting elements 30 faces an associated one of the photodetectors A. The phase filter 3 makes light falling within a first wavelength range incident on the photodetector A that the phase filter 3 faces, and makes light falling within a second wavelength range incident on the photodetectors B that are adjacent to the photodetector A.

Abstract: An image display device according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a display including light-emitting elements arrayed two-dimensionally, and having regions, in each of which a part of the light-emitting elements is located; a mirror lens array including mirror lenses, each of the mirror lenses being disposed correspondingly to one of the regions, reflecting light from the regions, and forming virtual images; and a beam splitter disposed between the display and the mirror lens array, the beam splitter transmitting a part of the light from the regions in a direction of the mirror lens array and reflecting a part of reflected light from the mirror lens array.

Abstract: In one aspect, an apparatus includes a first light source that applies first light having a first wavelength as a center wavelength to an object, a second light source that applies second light having a second wavelength as a center wavelength longer than the first wavelength to the object, an optical filter that includes first and second regions and that transmits third light produced by the first and second light each passed through or reflected by the object, first and second optical detectors that determine first and second amounts, respectively, of the third light passed through the first and second regions. The transmission ranges of spectral transmission curves of the first and second regions are located between the first wavelength and the second wavelength. The spectral transmission curve of the first region has a width at half maximum different from that of the spectral transmission curve of the second region.

Abstract: A light detection device according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes: a light detector having a main surface and including at least one first detector and at least one second detector disposed along the main surface; a light coupling layer disposed on or apart from the light detector and including a first low-refractive-index layer, a first high-refractive-index layer disposed on the first low-refractive-index layer and including a first grating, and a second low-refractive-index layer disposed on the first high-refractive-index layer, the first high-refractive-index layer having a higher refractive index than the first and second low-refractive-index layers; and a light shielding film disposed on the light coupling layer and including at least one light transmitting region and at least one light shielding region adjacent to the at least one light transmitting region.

Abstract: The imaging device disclosed herein includes: a plurality of photodetection sections having a light-receiving face, the plurality of photodetection sections being disposed in a two-dimensional array along a first direction and along a second direction different from the first direction, such that the light-receiving faces of the plurality of photodetection sections constitute an imaging plane; a transparent layer; and a plurality of spectroscopic sections having a greater refractive index than the transparent layer and being disposed in a two-dimensional array in a plane of arrangement. Zeroth order diffracted light and ±first order diffracted light, derived from light transmitted through each spectroscopic section and a portion of the transparent layer neighboring the spectroscopic section, respectively enter distinct photodetection sections among the plurality of photodetection sections.

Abstract: A light capturing sheet includes a light transmitting sheet and a plurality of optical coupling structures disposed therein. The optical coupling structures each include a first light-transmitting layer, a second light-transmitting layer, a third light-transmitting layer interposed therebetween, and a diffraction grating. Refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting layers are lower than a refractive index of the light transmitting sheet, and a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is higher than the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting layers. The optical coupling structures are arranged in first and second directions in a plane parallel to principal surfaces of the light transmitting sheet, and in a third direction not parallel thereto.

Abstract: This solid-state image sensor includes a photosensitive cell array including first through fourth photosensitive cells 2a to 2d, a dispersing element array including first and second dispersing elements 1a and 1b arranged to face the first and third photosensitive cells 2a and 2c, respectively, and a microlens array including first and second microlenses 4a and 4b. The first dispersing element 1a makes parts of incoming light that have come through the first microlens 4a and that have first and second color components incident on the first and second photosensitive cells 2a and 2b, respectively. The second dispersing element 1b makes parts of incoming light that have come through the second microlens 4b and that have third and fourth color components incident on the third and fourth photosensitive cells 2c and 2d, respectively. In addition, light that has not passed through the first and second microlenses 4a and 4b is also incident on the second and fourth photosensitive cells 2b and 2d.

Abstract: An image display device according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a display including light-emitting elements arrayed two-dimensionally, and having regions, in each of which a part of the light-emitting elements is located; a lens array including lenses, each of the lenses being disposed correspondingly to one of the regions, the lens array forming real images or virtual images of images displayed at each of the regions; and a control circuit that, in operation, controls each of the light-emitting elements, the control circuit being electrically connected to the display, and, in operation, causing a first part of the light-emitting elements to emit light when the control circuit causes a second part of the light-emitting elements different from the first part of the light-emitting elements not to emit light.

Abstract: An image display device according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a display including light-emitting elements arrayed two-dimensionally, and having regions, in each of which a part of the light-emitting elements is located; a mirror lens array including mirror lenses, each of the mirror lenses being disposed correspondingly to one of the regions, reflecting light from the regions, and forming virtual images; and a beam splitter disposed between the display and the mirror lens array, the beam splitter transmitting a part of the light from the regions in a direction of the mirror lens array and reflecting a part of reflected light from the mirror lens array.

Abstract: A light-trapping sheet of the present disclosure includes: a light-transmitting sheet; and light-coupling structures arranged in an inner portion of the light-transmitting sheet. The light-coupling structure includes first, second and third light-transmitting layers. A refractive index of the first and second light-transmitting layers is smaller than that of the light-transmitting sheet; and a refractive index of the third light-transmitting layer is larger than those of the first and second light-transmitting layers. The third light-transmitting layer has a diffraction grating parallel to the surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet. The light-trapping sheet further includes a transparent cover sheet opposing at least one of the surfaces of the light-transmitting sheet with a gap interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A display device of the disclosure includes a projector including optical elements to project images on left or right eye of an observer and a frame connected to the projector for mounting on the observer. With the frame mounted on the observer, at least part of the projector is placed in visual fields of the eyes, and length from tangent point between leftmost one among lines of sight of the left eye overlapping outline of at least the part and the outline to intersection between an imaginary line through the tangent point parallel to direction of pupillary distance of the observer and rightmost one among lines of sight of the right eye overlapping the outline is shorter than the pupillary distance in a top plan view of the display device.