Abstract: In a codec having a coding section A/D converting an analog signal into a digital signal, and a decoding section D/A converting a received digital signal into an analog signal, a decoding timing generating circuit (50) is provided to generate a D/A conversion timing signal (S50) on the basis of a clock signal (S30b) generated by a coding PLL circuit (30) and a reading completion signal (S61a) supplied from decoding controller (61). In synchronism with this signal (S50), a D/A converter 62 converts the digital signal Di read by the decoding controller 61, into an analog signal, and sends it to the decoding filter 63. The decoding filter (63) operates synchronism with the clock signal (S30b) generated by the coding PLL circuit (30) to filter the output of the D/A converter (62), and outputs it as the analog signal (Ao).

Abstract: An electronic sound processing system comprises a sound waveform looping apparatus which cuts out a portion of an input sound waveform and conducts a looping process for a predetermined cycle of the portion of the waveform. The sound waveform looping process comprises a discrete Fourier transformer for applying a discrete Fourier transform to the input sound waveform, a frequency band remover for removing a predetermined frequency band of the discrete Fourier transformed sound waveform, an inverse discrete Fourier transformer for applying an inverse discrete Fourier transform to the sound waveform from which the predetermined frequency band has been removed, and a looping processor for looping a predetermined cycle of the inverse discrete Fourier transformed sound waveform. By executing the sound waveform looping process, the electronic sound processing system can obtain smooth looped waveforms with easy processes and simple equipment.

Abstract: An analog front-end circuit has a low-group low-pass filter and a low-group high-pass filter connected in series, a high-group low-pass filter and a high-group high-pass filter connected in series, and switching means enabling the low-group high-pass filter and high-group low-pass filter to be connected in series, thus providing three bandpass filters with different passbands.

Abstract: An operational amplifier circuit is composed of a differential amplifier circuit for delivering a signal which is obtained by amplifying a difference between voltage levels of two signals; a level shift circuit for shifting and delivering the voltage level of the signal delivered from the differential amplifier circuit; a first amplifier circuit for amplifying and delivering the signal from the level shift circuit; and a second amplifier circuit for amplifying and delivering the voltage level of the signal delivered from the differential amplifier circuit, and a CMOS output circuit whose conductive state is controlled in accordance with voltage levels of the signals delivered from the first and second amplifier circuits.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of opposed substrates, a transparent electrode on at least one of the substrates, a liquid crystal composition, a characteristic orienting film comprising an organic high copolymer resin film formed at least over the surface of the electrode, and which shows an excellent orientation, and conductive particles mixed within the orienting film to reduce the resistance of the orienting film.