Abstract: A fuel quantity control apparatus of a supercharged diesel engine with safety measures comprises a fuel injection pump capable of increasing the fuel quantity according to the degree of supercharging, a detector for detecting the temperature in a combustion chamber or the temperature of the exhaust gas, a control circuit receiving an output of the detector, and a three-way valve driven by the control circuit to control the amount of the increase of the fuel quantity. Through the use of the apparatus when the detected temperature reaches a predetermined abnormal temperature, the amount of increase of the fuel quantity can be made zero or decreased and accidents such as melting or damage of the engine by abnormal rise of the temperature in the combustion chamber or of the temperature of the exhaust gas can be prevented.

Abstract: A flow control device advantageously used in a fuel injection system for a diesel engine. The flow control device includes a spool valve defining on its sides first and second chambers which are connected with each other by means of a throttle. The second chamber is connected to a high pressure pipeline connecting a fuel pump with a fuel injector, while the first chamber is selectively opened to a relief line by means of an electrically operated valve. A cylinder has an annular groove opened to the relief line. When the valve is opened, the first chamber is opened to the relief line. A pressure difference is thus created between the first and the second chambers so as to move the spool valve to open. Thus fuel injection is stopped.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator for an internal combustion engine, which is provided with a ceramic heater, is disclosed. The fuel evaporator comprises a plurality of layered thin PTC ceramic plates, each of which has a plurality of open holes, electrodes which are provided on an upper surface, an under surface and between adjacent ceramic plates, and an insulator for securing the outer periphery of the layered PTC ceramic plates to the wall defining an air-fuel passage of an engine. The ceramic plates are electrically connected to one another in parallel so that each ceramic plate is rapidly heated by consuming only a small amount of electric power.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator to be installed between a carburetter and an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine for heating an air-fuel mixture flowing through an air-fuel passage of the carburetter is disclosed. The fuel evaporator comprises at least one ceramic heater formed of a circular PTC ceramic plate having honeycomb-shaped open passages, and at least one electrically conductive metallic plate having honeycomb-shaped open passages of which shape and arrangement are equal to those of the open passages of the PTC ceramic plate. The metallic plate is disposed on one surface or both surfaces of the ceramic heater so that the open passages of the metallic plate are coaxial with those of the ceramic heater. The ceramic heater and the metallic plate are disposed on a stepped portion formed in an insulator and the outer peripheral portion of the metallic plate is fixed to the insulator which is interposed between the carburetter and the intake manifold.

Abstract: The degree of opening of the choke valve in a carburetor for an internal combustion engine is controlled in accordance with the temperature of at least one predetermined position of temperature adjustment devices in the air intake manifold portion of the engine, whereby emission of harmful exhaust gas is reduced and the rated fuel consumption of the engine is maintained.

Abstract: A suction heating device for an internal combustion engine including a first metal member having a planar portion and a cylindrical portion extending from the flat portion for defining a passage for a fuel-air mixture, and a second metal member having a planar portion and a cylindrical portion extending from the planar portion and arranged outside the cylindrical portion of the first metal member with a predetermined spacing. The two cylindrical portions are joined to each other at the end to provide a casing for mounting therein a ceramic heater of positive temperature coefficient characteristic having a specific Curie point.

Abstract: A flexible barium titanate ceramic PTC heater for use in, for example, an intake pipe of an internal combustion engine to heat the air-fuel gas mixture is formed as a thin disc-shaped ceramic sheet constituted by a plurality of individual coplanar ceramic segments having interior edges positioned in spaced side-by-side relationship. The juxtaposed edges of the ceramic segments are united to each other by a flexible, heat-resistant, electrically non-conductive rubber band disposed in the space between the segments and bonded thereto by an electrically non-conductive adhesive to form the segments into a thin disc-shaped sheet which can be flexed without causing flexing of any of the individual segments. The ceramic heater is positioned in a metallic casing with one planar face thereof bonded to the inner surface of the casing by an electrically conductive adhesive. A stainless steel wool cushioning member engages the other planar face of the ceramic heater to support the heater in the metallic casing.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator comprises a metal member composed of a pipe portion and a flange portion, a heating element made of PTC ceramic, which is closely adhered to the metal member and an electric connector for electrically connecting the heating element and an electric power source. The metal member is supported by an insulating member which is interposed between an air-fuel passage and an intake manifold. The fuel film flow flowing downwards along the wall of the air-fuel passage is received by the flange portion of the metal member and is heated by the heat transmitted from the heating element. Consequently, unvaporized fuel is effectively evaporated.

Abstract: An intake manifold for a multicylinder internal combustion engine having fuel supplying means such as a fuel injection device or a carburetor includes a branch intake conduits each communicating with one of the cylinders of the engine, an extension tube connected to a primary suction conduit of the carburetor, and an incoming fuel charge heating device mounted on the bottom of the intake manifold. The extension tube has a curved portion in its wall directed toward a part of the surface of the bottom of the intake manifold at which the axial center lines of the branch intake conduits gather together and cut to form an open end of the extension tube. The incoming fuel charge heating device has a heating surface disposed near the open end of the extension tube, which is smoothly curved toward the bottom of the intake manifold.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator for an internal combustion engine is comprised of a metallic casing which is composed of a heating plate portion and a supporting portion projecting from the outer periphery of the heating plate portion downward, a heating element fixed to the heating plate portion within the casing, an insulating and adiabatic covering member which covers the supporting portion and an electrically connecting means which connects the heating element and a battery.The supporting portion of the casing is inserted in a hole formed in an intake pipe so that the heating plate portion is exposed therewithin.Since the supporting portion of the casing is covered with the insulating and adiabatic covering member, very little of the heat of the heating element is dissipated from the supporting portion into the intake pipe.By forming the supporting portion into a plurality of strip shaped legs, the heat escaping therefrom can be further reduced.

Abstract: A fuel evaporator for use in a fuel entry system of an internal combustion engine comprises a heating element of ceramics having a positive temperature coefficient of resistance, a thermally conductive covering plate which covers the heating element in the fuel entry system and a connecting means which electrically connects the heating element to an electric power source.The connecting means comprises two electrifying routes and switching means which breaks one electrifying route or selectively connects the two electrifying routes in parallel or in series in accordance with the driving condition of the engine.The fuel droplets falling within the fuel entry system can be evaporated by only a small amount of electric power with high efficiency.And by controlling the electric power consumed by the fuel evaporator, the starting condition of the engine can be maintained good.