Abstract: A phenolic resin composition in which the phenolic resin can be smoothly cured at a low temperature while inhibiting the generation of free formaldehyde and trapping free phenol. An epoxy compound is dispersed or dissolved as a hardener in an aqueous phenolic resin solution. The epoxy compound functions not only as a hardener for the phenolic resin but as a trapping agent for free phenol. The phenolic resin has been sulfoalkylated and/or sulfialkylated so as to have improved hydrophilicity.

Abstract: A phenolic resin composition in which the phenolic resin can be smoothly cured at a low temperature while inhibiting the generation of free formaldehyde and trapping free phenol. An epoxy compound is dispersed or dissolved as a hardener in an aqueous phenolic resin solution. The epoxy compound functions not only as a hardener for the phenolic resin but as a trapping agent for free phenol. The phenolic resin has been sulfoalkylated and/or sulfialkylated so as to have improved hydrophilicity.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to repeatedly use a masking member which is applied in a surface treatment having a heating process at a high temperature. To attain said object, said masking member of the present invention uses an engineering plastic having a high mechanical strength and a high heat resistance as a material.

Abstract: In an operation wherein a metal structure has applied thereto a coating of visco-elastic material is a method of corrosion, sound and vibration-proofing and wherein selected portions or surfaces of the metal structure are protected from having the visco-elastic material applied thereto by placing a masking member on said selected portions or surfaces, the improvement which comprises employing as said masking members thin, thermoplastic foam-walled masking members, such as are manufactured by vacuum forming thermoplastic sheet or by expansion molding of expandable thermoplastic beads.

Abstract: A masking member consisting of a vessel form inserting part made up of a bottom and a truncated conical wall portion, said wall portion extending upwardly from the perimeter of said bottom, and an outwardly extending flange formed around the wall portion of said inserting part, said masking member be made of a thermoplastic foam is presented in this invention. When said masking member is used, said inserting part of said masking member is inserted into a hole of an article and said flange of said masking member covers the surroundings of said hole. Thus the inside of said hole and said surroundings of said hole are protected from a surface treatment and the removing of said masking member after said surface treatment from said hole may be very smooth without obstruction of the film of said surface treatment.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to perform easily the automatic attaching of a masking member which is inserted into a hole to protect said hole from a surface treatment. For said object, in the present invention, a tapering guide part is extended from the top of the inserting part of said masking member and even if said masking member is located in a deflecting position from the correct position in front of said hole, said deflecting position may be adjusted to the correct position by said guide part coming into contact with the circumference of said hole.

Abstract: A masking member consisting of a board having a projection shape on one side and a reinforcing groove on the other side, the depth of said groove being less than the thickness of said masking member.

Abstract: A panel type masking member comprising a foamed polystyrene panel made by expandable bead molding wherein said foamed polystyrene panel has traces of opening parts of breathing paths on both sides thereof wherein said trace(s) on at least one side is(are) dent(s), and a mold used for molding of said panel type masking member comprising a fixed molding part and a movable molding part wherein said movable molding part and said fixed molding part have opening parts of breathing paths on their surface(s) thereof and said opening part(s) of breathing path(s) of said movable molding part and/or said fixed molding part rise(s) from said surfaces thereof; are provided in the instant invention.

Abstract: A masking method employing a masking tool to protect the hole(s) in an article such as a car body from a surface treatment is provided in the present invention. The masking member includes a cylinder having an inlet at one end and an outlet at the other end, a plural number of masking members having a plug shape respectively and being put in the cylinder to be placed one upon another, and a tranporting device arranged in the cylinder to transport the masking members successively from the inlet to the outlet of the cylinder to insert the masking members into the hole(s) of the article.

Abstract: A masking member presented herein comprises a sheet of a polystyrene foam provided with cutting guide lines so that said masking member consists of a plural number of units of the masking members surrounded with said cutting guide lines wherein said cutting guide lines are discontinuous and consist of a number of small grooves or short penetrating lines or small penetrating holes wherein the total length of said grooves or lines or holes is 20 to 80% of the length of said cutting guide lines. When said masking member is used, said sheet is easily and correctly broken along said cutting guide lines by hand to a piece consisting of one or more units of the masking member to have a proper size and shape corresponding with a part of an article which is necessary to be protected from a surface treatment.

Abstract: A method for shielding areas of an article whereby a masking member is used to protect the selected areas from various surface treatments such as coating, plating, vacuum evaporation, and phosphatizing. The mask is attached to the article with an adhesive, the surface treatment is performed on the article, and the mask is removed by suction. The inventive method is particularly useful on car bodies.

Abstract: A masking member consisting of an elastic sheet having a groove(s) for bending in a selected position(s) on one or both sides of said sheet is provided in the present invention. Said masking member is used to protect a pillar, frame, and the like from a surface treatment such as coating.

Abstract: A method of corrosion, sound and vibration-proofing of a metal structure which comprises masking a selected surface of said metal structure with a polystyrene foam masking member wherein said polystyrene foam has a closed cell structure and the density of said polystyrene foam is in the range of 12.5 to 50 g/l, coating the surfaces of said metal structure, including said masking member, with plasticized polyvinyl chloride by the spray coating and removing said masking member from the resulting polyvinyl chloride-coated metal structure by stripping off said masking member with a hook for removal from said polyvinyl chloride-coated metal structure, and said masking members are panel types for the even surfaces of said metal structure, block types with a slit for the panel like parts of said metal structure, tube types with a hole for the protruding parts of said metal structure, and plug types for the holes in said metal structure.

Abstract: A new masking member consisting of an inserting part and a double flange formed at the base of said inserting part wherein the diameter of the outer part of said double flange is larger than the diameter of the inner part of said double flange is presented in the present invention. When said masking member is used, said inserting part of said masking member is inserted into a hole of an article and said double flange of said masking member covers the surroundings of said hole. Thus the inside of said hole and said surroundings of said hole are protected from a surface treatment and the removing of said masking member after said surface treatment from said hole may be very smooth without obstruction of the film of said surface treatment since said film may be cut by the edge of the outer part of said double flange.

Abstract: A new masking member consisting essentially of a molded foamed closed cell polystyrene base having a density from about 12.5 to about 50 g/l and an adhesive layer formed on a surface of said polystrene base by coating said surface of said base with a composition consisting essentially of an emulsion-type adhesive in which a water-soluble polymer is mixed in an amount in the range from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the weight of said emulsion-type adhesive, is provided in the instant invention. Said masking member is used to protect a surface of an article from a surface treatment, and is attached to a part of the surface of the article by its adhesive layer. Said adhesive layer of the masking member has a suitable stickiness, an excellent weatherability, an excellent heat resistance and a large cohesive force which prevents the adhesive layer from transferring from the masking member to the part of the surface of the article.

Abstract: A new masking member consisting of an inserting part and a flange formed at the base of said inserting part wherein said inserting part has a shape which partially contacts the inner wall of a hole into which said inserting part is inserted, is presented in the present invention. When said masking member is used, said inserting part of said masking member is inserted into a hole of an article and said flange of said masking member covers the surroundings of said hole. Thus the inside and the surroundings of said hole are protected from a surface treatment and the removing of said masking member after said surface treatment from said hole may be very smooth since said inserting part of said masking member has a shape which partially contacts the inner wall of said hole.

Abstract: A masking member for use in a spray coating process comprising a molded foamed polystyrene panel having a thickness A, said polystyrene panel having a closed cell structure, a density in the range 12.5-50 g/l, a layer of emulsion-type adhesive formed on one side of said panel, a release sheet covering said adhesive layer, said panel being provided with grooves formed on one or both sides of said panel, when said grooves are formed on both sides of said panel the grooves are directly opposite each other, said grooves having a depth such that the thickness of the polystyrene panel beneath or between said opposed grooves is in the range about 0.30-0.85 A, is presented. When said masking member is used, said release sheet is removed from said adhesive layer and said masking member is snapped along said grooves by hand to a piece having a size corresponding with a part of an article which is necessary to be protected from a surface treatment.

Abstract: A new masking member of a vessel type comprising a bottom, (a) wall(s) which extend(s) upwards from the perimeter of said bottom, a flange which is extended from the upper edge(s) of said wall(s), and an adhesive layer formed on the surface of said flange, with said masking member made of a thermoplastic foam, is presented in this invention. When said masking member is used, said masking member is attached by said adhesive layer to a part of the surface of an article which is necessary to be protected from a surface treatment. After said surface treatment, said masking member may be removed from said part of said article by heating and softening or by a hook.

Abstract: A new masking member comprising a body having a vessel form consisting of a bottom and wall(s) which extend(s) upwards from the perimeter of said bottom, with said body made of a thermoplastic foam, and an adhesive layer formed on the under surface of said body is presented. When said masking member is used, said masking member is attached to a part of the surface of an article which is necessary to be protected from a surface treatment. After said surface treatment, said masking member may be removed from said part of said article by heating and softening or by a hook.

Abstract: An expanding and shrinking member useful as a masking member is provided in the present invention. Said expanding and shrinking member comprises a panel which consists of a thermoplastic foam having closed cells and (a) cavity(ies) is(are) formed on one side of said panel and an adhesive layer is formed on the other side of said panel.