Abstract: Chromogenic compounds of colorless or lightly colored form are disclosed having the following structural formula: wherein E represents a six-membered aromatic or heterocyclic ring which may have an aromatic condensed ring and both the E ring and the condensed ring may be substituted. Each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represents hydrogen, alkyl of not more than 12 carbon atoms which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, hydroxyl, cyano or lower alkoxy or represents cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl, or phenyl or benzyl which is substituted by halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy or R1 and R2 or R3 and R4 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached represent a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic radical. Each of R7 and R8 independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or halo. The compounds of this invention are eligible for use in pressure-sensitive and heat-sensitive record materials and manifold marking systems.

Abstract: An improved process for producing fluorene compounds of the following formula (II) is disclosed: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently a hydrogen atom, an alkylamino group, a dialkylamino group, a pyrrolidino group or a piperdino group; X and Y are independently a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; and with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not hydrogen atoms simultaneously). The process comprises reacting a lactone compound of the formula (I) (variables being defined as in formula (II) ) ##STR2## with a mixture of an aluminum halide, a carbonyl compound, and a hydroxy bearing compound.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copper quinolinate in which quinoline is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in sulfuric acid in the presence of copper sulfate wherein the reaction is carried out at a pressure of less than 400 mm Hg. The reduced pressure enables the reaction to be performed at higher temperatures and with greater control; also the reaction time is shortened and the yield improved.Copper quinolinate is used to prepare quinolinic acid which is the starting material for some chromogenic materials used in the pressure-sensitive record material field.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of copper quinolinate in which quinoline is oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in 10 to 30% sulfuric acid in the presence of copper sulfate at a temperature of 55.degree. to 75.degree. C., the molar ratio of sulfuric acid to quinoline being greater than 1:1. The concentration and amount of sulfuric acid enable greater control of the reaction temperature and result in copper quinolate in improved yield and purity.Copper quinolinate is used to prepare quinolinic acid which is the starting material for some chromogenic materials used in the pressure-sensitive record material field.