Abstract: An electroplating solution (A), comprises an aqueous solution consisting essentially of lead phenolsulfonate: 1 to 250 g/liter in terms of Pb content; tin phenolsulfonate: 0.1 to 250 g/liter in terms of Sn content; phenolsulfonic acid: 20 to 300 g/liter; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkylamine: 1 to 50 g/liter; a 1-naphthaldehyde derivative: 0.001 to 1 g/liter; and an aldol sulfanilic acid derivative: 0.1 to 30 g/liter; or an aqueous solution (B) consisting essentially of lead methanesulfonate: 1 to 250 g/liter in terms of Pb content; tin methanesulfonate: 0.1 to 250 g/liter in terms of Sn content; methanesulfonic acid: 20 to 300 g/liter; polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkylamine: 1 to 50 g/liter; and an aldol sulfanilic acid derivative: 0.1 to 30 g/liter.

Abstract: An electrolytic process for producing lead and tin sulfonates which comprises applying a DC voltage to an anode and a plurality of cathodes in an electrolytic cell and thereby dissolving lead or tin in an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic cell is partitioned by cation- and anion-exchange membranes into anode and cathode chambers. The electrolytic solution is a solution of an organic sulfonic acid, and the anode is lead or tin. The process reduces contents of radioisotopes such as uranium and thorium to a level of less than 50 ppb, and therefore the coatings formed by solder plating using the lead and tin salts in accordance with the invention show radioactive .alpha. particle counts of less than 0.1 CPH/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy plating bath comprising, as essential ingredients, an alkali metal salt, and a soluble divalent tin compound or/and a lead compound, all of an aliphatic or aromatic sulfocarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.1-4 hydrocarbon radical, M.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or alkali metal atom, M.sub.2 is an alkali metal atom, and X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are each a hydrogen atom, OH, COON, or SO.sub.3 N (where N represents a hydrogen atom or alkali metal atom).

Abstract: A tin-lead alloy plating bath based on a principal plating bath comprising an alkanesulfonic or alkanolsulfonic acid and both bivalent tin and lead salts thereof is characterized by the addition of a guanamine compound having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, represent each a hydrogen atom, C.sub.1-18 straight- or branched-chain alkyl radical, C.sub.1-18 straight- or branched-chain alkoxy-lower alkyl radical, or a C.sub.3-7 cycloalkyl radical, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may combine to form a carbon cycle or hetero cycle, and A represents a lower alkylene radical.

Abstract: A tin, lead or tin-lead alloy plating bath, which comprises(A) a principal plating bath containing an alkanesulfonic or alkanolsulfonic acid, and either a divalent tin salt or a divalent lead salt thereof or both;(B) at least one of surfactants comprising(a) a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of quarternary ammonium salts, alkyl pyridinium salts, alkyl imidazolinium salts and higher alkyl amine salts,(b) an amphoteric surfactant selected from betaines, or(c) a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of condensation products of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with a styrenated phenol, a higher alcohol, an alkylphenol, an alkylnaphthol, a fatty acid amide, a sorbitan or a phosphate; and(C) at least one of levelling agents selected from the group consisting of alkylidene sulfamic acids, quinolinol derivatives, benzotriazole derivatives, dialkylidene o-phenylene diamines, benzaldehyde derivatives, triazine derivatives, salicylic acid derivatives and nitriles.

Abstract: Coloring by electrolysis of aluminum or aluminum alloys comprising electrolyzing anodized aluminum or aluminum alloys without sealing the anodized surface thereof in an electrolytic bath containing an aliphatic sulfonic acid and a metal salt of such sulfonic acid.