Abstract: A visual recognition device receives video signals representing an object to be recognized from a video camera, converts the video signals to a two-valued input pattern, and compares the input pattern with a standard pattern to recognize the object. The recognition device includes an auxiliary computing unit which carries out a predetermined auxiliary computation during a horizontal scan period of the video camera, in accordance with the state of the input pattern; a main computation unit for carrying out, during a vertical return scan blanking period of the video camera, a main computation based on computation results of the auxiliary computation unit; and a recognition unit for recognizing the input pattern with respect to the standard pattern based on computation results of the main computation unit with respect to the patterns.

Abstract: A fluorescent material arranged under an environment of temperature objective for measurement is excited by irradiating red color light or infrared rays, then fluorescent light generated from the fluorescent material is received by an optical sensor thus the temperature of the fluorescent material is measured from an output of the optical sensor on the basis of the correlation between a fluorescent characteristic of the fluorescent material and temperature.

Abstract: A process for preparing discrimination criteria for color identification comprises reading values representing a plurality of color components delivered from a color sensor for each of a plurality of given reference colors, calculating relative values of the color components, calculating relative values of the color components, calculating the deviation of the relative value of each color component from a specified value, extracting pairs of deviations each having a discrimination distance of at least specified times relative to any other reference color, determining a discrimination criterion between the extracted pair of deviation, and repeating the extracting and determining steps by calculating deviations of higher order with use of the deviations until discrimination criteria are determined for all the given reference colors.

Abstract: A color sensing device comprising four photo-electric transducers formed on a semiconductor substrate, an interference filter provided on the light receiving face of each transducer, a colored filter for selecting a specified transmission band of the interference filter, and three electrodes for delivering electric signals from the transducers individually, one of the electrodes being provided for two of the transducers in common. The transducers each have the area of its light receiving face so determined as to exhibit spectral sensitivity characteristics matching the color matching function of the CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) XYZ colorimetric system.