Abstract: A display panel comprises a substrate having disposed thereon a plurality of display elements, each display element comprising a pixel electrode disposed on the substrate; a scan electrode disposed on the substrate separate from the pixel electrode; two display drive elements, one disposed over a first part of the pixel electrode and the other disposed over a first part of the scan electrode; an insulating layer extending over at least a second part of the pixel electrode and the two display drive elements and having at least three openings formed therein, two of the openings being coincident with and exposing a portion of each of the display drive elements and a third opening being disposed so as to expose a portion of the second part of the pixel electrode; a first connecting layer disposed over the insulating layer and forming an electrical connection through the windows in the insulating layer between the exposed portion of the display drive element disposed over the scan electrode and the exposed portion