Abstract: An object is to provide a technique that can evaluate biological tissues such as cartilage tissue and regenerated tissues such as regenerated cartilage. A method for observing a dynamic physical property of a biological tissue according to the present invention is that a biological tissue is irradiated with a pulsed light having a wavelength of a far-infrared wavelength region modulated into circular polarized lights by applying bias voltages to a radiation means (3) having an antenna electrode films of orthogonal (2)-axis structure with phases shifted using high-voltage high-speed modulation means (13), and dynamic physical property of the biological tissue is observed on the basis of a spectrum obtained by vibration optical activity spectroscopy.

Abstract: Biological tissues such as cartilage tissue and regenerated tissues such as regenerated cartilage are evaluated. Provided is a method for observing a dynamic physical property of a biological tissue by irradiating the biological tissue with a pulsed light having a wavelength of a far-infrared wavelength region to observe the dynamic physical property of the biological tissue using vibrational optical activity spectroscopy. When a sample which is the biological tissue is irradiated with a pulsed light, the biological tissue is vibrated. A relaxation time is obtained on the basis of a vibrational circular dichroism spectrum and/or a polarization spectroscopy spectrum which are/is obtained from a time-series signal of a reflected pulsed light reflected by the biological tissue or a transmitted pulsed light transmitted through the biological tissue.

Abstract: An object is to provide a technique that can evaluate biological tissues such as cartilage tissue and regenerated tissues such as regenerated cartilage. A method for observing a dynamic physical property of a biological tissue according to the present invention is that a biological tissue is irradiated with a pulsed light having a wavelength of a far-infrared wavelength region modulated into circular polarized lights by applying bias voltages to a radiation means (3) having an antenna electrode films of orthogonal (2)-axis structure with phases shifted using high-voltage high-speed modulation means (13), and dynamic physical property of the biological tissue is observed on the basis of a spectrum obtained by vibration optical activity spectroscopy.

Abstract: A time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus which has a pulsed laser light source; a splitting unit to split pulsed laser light; a pulsed-light emitting unit; a detector; a sample holder; and a sample-unit entrance and exit optical systems; wherein the time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus further comprises: at least one optical-path-length varying unit for setting a photometric range; at least one optical delay unit for the wave form signal measurement; and, at least one gate member to pass or block the pulsed light to a reflector.

Abstract: There is provided an infrared light emitting device that is capable of polarizing emission light without causing loss of the emission light and having a simple configuration. Included are a photoconductive layer 22 which generates optical carriers upon being irradiated with pulsed excitation light; a pair of first antenna electrodes 21a for emitting infrared light, which are formed on the photoconductive layer 22 with a gap 32 disposed between tips thereof; a pair of second antenna electrodes 21b for emitting infrared light, which are formed on the photoconductive layer 22 and which are disposed with the gap 32 between tips thereof and having an angle with respect to the first antenna electrodes 21a; and a control unit for independently applying voltages to the first antenna electrodes 21a and the second antenna electrodes 21b.

Abstract: A time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus which has a pulsed laser light source; a splitting unit to split pulsed laser light; a pulsed-light emitting unit; a detector; a sample holder; and a sample-unit entrance and exit optical systems; wherein the time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus further comprises: at least one optical-path-length varying unit for setting a photometric range; at least one optical delay unit for the wave form signal measurement; and, at least one gate member to pass or block the pulsed light to a reflector.

Abstract: A time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus which has a pulsed laser light source; a splitting unit to split pulsed laser light; a pulsed-light emitting unit; a detector; a sample holder; and a sample-unit entrance and exit optical systems; wherein the time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus further comprises: at least one optical-path-length varying unit for setting a photometric range; at least one optical delay unit for the wave form signal measurement; and, at least one gate member to pass or block the pulsed light to a reflector.

Abstract: There is provided an infrared light emitting device that is capable of polarizing emission light without causing loss of the emission light and having a simple configuration. Included are a photoconductive layer 22 which generates optical carriers upon being irradiated with pulsed excitation light; a pair of first antenna electrodes 21a for emitting infrared light, which are formed on the photoconductive layer 22 with a gap 32 disposed between tips thereof; a pair of second antenna electrodes 21b for emitting infrared light, which are formed on the photoconductive layer 22 and which are disposed with the gap 32 between tips thereof and having an angle with respect to the first antenna electrodes 21a; and a control unit for independently applying voltages to the first antenna electrodes 21a and the second antenna electrodes 21b.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a time-domain pulsed spectroscopy apparatus in which time-domain pulsed spectroscopy of multiple samples, states thereof, and so on can be carried out easily and in a short period of time.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the thickness of a semiconductor layer includes a light source emitting light; an interferometer producing modulated interference light by modulating the light from the light source; an optical system including a light transmission member for introducing the modulated interference light into a measurement sample including at least one film on a substrate; a light detecting element for detecting the modulated interference light reflected from the film and producing an output signal in response; an extracting element for extracting a film interference component having a waveform from the output signal; and an element for calculating the thickness of the film from the waveform of the output signal component. The light detecting element includes a plurality of photodetectors having respective photometric wavenumber ranges that overlap.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of evaluating a multilayer thin film of the present invention. An interference light beam in a predetermined wave number region is projected as a parallel beam onto a multilayer thin film sample and the interference light beam reflected by the sample is detected to find an interferogram. The interferogram is subject to Fourier transform, filtering and reverse Fourier transform so that a spatialgram is provided. Thereby the variation in incident angle of the light beam incident on the sample and in incident surface is reduced, and the spatialgram can be provided with accurate information of the multilayer thin film.

Abstract: A continuous drive type Michelson interferometer system for use in Fourier spectroscopy, having a main Michelson interferometer for obtaining the interferogram of a sample, an auxiliary Michelson interferometer for detecting the moving speed of a movable mirror of said main Michelson interferometer, and a control section for controlling the driving speed of said movable mirror. In said control section, the AC output signal of a photodetector is converted into a voltage corresponding to the frequency of the signal, said voltage is compared with a preset voltage by a voltage difference detection means, the phase of said AC output of said photodetector is compared with a phase of a reference signal by a phase comparison means, and said driving speed is controlled by both the outputs of said voltage difference detection means and said phase comparison means.