Abstract: A carton blank erector and feeder comprising a magazine having a delivery opening at one end and accommodating flat blanks as arranged closely side by side from the end toward the other end thereof, the delivery opening being so positioned as to be opposed to a phantom outward extension of a bottom forming mandrel as stopped at a feed station, transport means for withdrawing the blank from the delivery opening and transporting the blank to the outward extension, and means for unfolding the blank from the flat form to a tubular form of square cross section while the blank is being transported by the transport means.

Abstract: In a liquid filling machine having a metering cylinder, a piston accommodated in the cylinder with a clearance formed therebetween, and a membrane closing each open end of the clearance to form a closed space, a device for detecting a leak in the metering cylinder comprising a vacuum pipe connected to the metering cylinder in communication with the closed space, an orifice plate inserted in the vacuum pipe for maintaining the interior portion of the pipe upstream from the orifice plate at a pressure lower than a predetermined value when the membrane has no leak with a standard quantity of leakage fluid flowing through the pipe and maintaining the interior portion at a pressure not lower than the predetermined value when the membrane has a leak, and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the upstream interior portion of the pipe and producing a leak detection signal when the detected pressure is not lower than the predetermined pressure.

Abstract: In a liquid filling machine wherein a liquid is fed in a specified quantity at a time from a metering cylinder to a filling nozzle by the operation of a piston housed in the cylinder, a device for preventing the liquid from dripping from the filling nozzle comprises a check valve disposed in the nozzle and movable upward or downward by a change in the internal pressure of the metering cylinder produced by the operation of the piston. The upward movement of the valve produces a negative pressure within the nozzle to prevent the liquid from dripping from the nozzle. The negative pressure is variable in accordance with the properties of the liquid by adjusting the stroke length of upward or downward movement of the check valve.

Abstract: A packaging machine for filling a fluid food or like contents into containers fed to a conveyor and each coated with a thermoplastic synthetic resin over the outer surface thereof and thereafter closing the containers while the containers are being transported by the conveyor. The container transport path has at an intermediate portion thereof a station where hot air is applied to each container, for example, for heat sealing. The conveyor is provided with rails for guiding the container by supporting the bottom thereof. If the rails are heated with the hot air, the resin is likely to adhere to the rails on melting. The rails are provided with a cooling water channel for cooling the rails to eliminate this drawback.