Abstract: Reduction of carbon oxides products in oxidative pyrolysis of halogenated methanes in gas phase halogen-catalyzed oxidative-pyrolytic, non-flame, conversion of methane to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons is carried out in the presence of oxygen-containing gas which is primarily introduced in a latter portion of the process sequence reducing the oxygen requirement for effective suppression of formation of carbonaceous deposits thereby reducing carbon oxides product. Conversion of halogenated methanes to high yields of ethylene by conduct of the reaction in the presence of methane further reduces oxygen requirements and results in insignificant solid carbonaceous deposit formation.

Abstract: A process for oxidative pyrolysis of halogenated methanes in the presence of oxygen-containing gas under non-flame conditions is provided whereby the formation of solid carbonaceous materials is significantly reduced, while high yields of desired higher molecular weight hydrocarbons such as acetylene and ethylene are maintained.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method for freezing red blood cells, ther living cells, or tissues with improved subsequent survival, wherein constant-volume freezing is utilized that results in significantly improved survival compared with constant-pressure freezing; optimization is attainable through the use of different vessel geometries, cooling baths and warming baths, and sample concentrations.