Abstract: Slurry is provided to the surface of the polishing pad by pumping the slurry up through a central port, or by dripping the slurry down onto the surface of the polishing pad from a slurry feed tube. A slurry wiper, which may have one or more flexible members, sweeps the slurry evenly and thinly across the polishing pad. A control system coordinates the distribution of slurry to the polishing pad with the motion of the carrier head.

Abstract: Slurry is provided to the surface of the polishing pad by pumping the slurry up through a central port, or by dripping the slurry down onto the surface of the polishing pad from a slurry feed tube. A slurry wiper, which may have one or more flexible members, sweeps the slurry evenly and thinly across the polishing pad. A control system coordinates the distribution of slurry to the polishing pad with the motion of the carrier head.

Abstract: A carrier uses multiple bellows to form two pressure chambers between the housing and carrier base and retaining ring assembly. By pressurizing the first chamber, an even load can be applied across the substrate. By pressurizing the second chamber, the retaining ring can pressed against the polishing pad. The bellows allow the carrier base to pivot with respect to the housing, but the downward force is evenly applied to the substrate through the first pressure chamber. Torque is transferred from the carrier housing to the carrier base through the bellows.

Abstract: A container having a breakable pouring cap (116) for pouring oil into an oil tank (114). The cap (112) is snapped onto a neck portion (116) through the engagement of an inner projection (146) on the open end of the cap (112) and an outward annular projection (122) on the neck portion (116) of the container. The cap is sealed by means of a pair of annular radial projections (122 and 124) on the outer surface of the neck portion (116) of the container, these projections having sliding fit with the inner surface of the cap (112). The end face of the neck portion (116) is skewed and forms a piercing tip (130) at its lowermost end and a cutting edge (128) on the remaining peripheral portion of the end face. In use, the container is inserted in an inverted position so that the breakable cap extends into an inlet opening (111), e.g., of the oil tank.

Abstract: A container having a pouring spout for pouring oil into an engine (14). The container has a cap (24) which is screwed onto a neck portion (16) of the container. The cap (24) has radial ribs (32) tapering toward the cap bottom (28). The end of the neck portion (20) has a reduced diameter and is aligned with a breakable portion (28a) formed in the cap bottom. In use, the container is inserted in an inverted position so that the spout attends into an inlet opening (11) of the engine. Radial ribs (32) are wedged in the inlet opening by applying an axial force to the container body (10), and the body is then rotated with respect to the immovable cap (24). As a result of this rotation, the reduced-diameter portion (20) of the container neck moves axially toward the breakable portion (28a) until the portion (20) breaks it, thus opening the container and allowing the oil to flow into the engine oil tank (14).

Abstract: A safety core (10) for a tire valve comprises a head portion (12) screwed into the valve's housing (28) so that it is sealed against the inner wall of the housing by compressing a seal ring (36) located in an annular groove (34) formed in a tapered portion (32) of the head part. Inserted into the head part is a cylindrical body (14) which contains a ball-type check valve (20). A ball (84) of the valve is constantly pressed to a seat (80) installed on the rear end of an adjustment pipe (16), the latter being screwed into the rear end of the body (14). The rear end protrudes through the head portion (12) and has a stop (58) on its end. A spring (62), located between the stop (58) and the outer end face of the head portion (12), constantly urges the front end of the head portion (12) to a valve seat formed on a shoulder (68) of a large-diameter portion (66) of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: An improved dry film developer for use with a machine of the type that processes aperture cards which developer incorporates a holding mechanism for holding and stretching the aperture card while a heating block having an arcuate projecting surface is urged against the undeveloped dry film, mounted in the aperture card, to slightly stretch the film so as to insure a uniform contact of the undeveloped film with the heating block for a period of time sufficient to develop the film.

Abstract: A lead screw driven by a motor has a drive nut threadably connected to the lead screw for reciprocation therealong. The drive nut is rotationally restrained thereby limiting its movement along the axis of the lead screw. Three disk members each having an opening through their centers are positioned on the lead screw. The two outer disk members each have at least a pair of bearing members, such as ball bearings, positioned along a diameter of the disk on adjacent sides of the opening. A keeper member is positioned on the lead screw to sandwich the three disk members between the drive nut and the keeper member. Indexing members are positioned on the drive nut and the keeper member to maintain the diameters of the two outer disks, having the bearings mounted therein, orthogonal with respect to each other.

Abstract: A plotter for recording data from a modulated laser beam onto a recording medium mounted covering the aperture of an aperture card wherein the aperture is located toward one end of the aperture card with a blank margin on either side of the aperture, the plotter including an aperture card supply module for supplying the aperture card from a plurality of aperture cards, a carriage module having a recording station and a platen member for stepping the aperture card past the recording station, a laser scanning module for scanning a row of data from the modulated laser beam laterally across the recording medium through the recording station as the recording medium is stepped past the recording station by the platen member, a dry developer module for developing the data recorded on the recording medium by the laser scanning module, a feed path from the aperture card supply module through the carriage module and the dry developer module, and transport apparatus for transporting the aperture card along the feed path

Abstract: A system for controlling the intensity of a scanning laser beam used to plot a computer-output microfilm image on an aperture card. The intensity of the beam is controlled by an acousto-optic modulator, which varies the light contained in various components of the modulated output. The first order beam is used for scanning the microfilm because it can be varied from its maximum intensity down to essentially cut-off without requiring large amounts of modulator drive. The intensity control is accomplished in two stages. First, before each scan across the microfilm, a known fraction of the first order beam is split off and sensed for intensity level. This level is directly proportional to the scan beam intensity. The sensed level is then compared to a preset voltage representing the proper exposure operating point for that manufacturer's microfilm characteristics. An error signal is produced by the comparison and is fed into a hold circuit.