Abstract: A heat exchanger includes an annular body having a central cylindrical volume having an inlet for one fluid at opposite ends; a plurality of peripherally located first fluid inlets communicate with first fluid passages in the body which passages curve arcuately outwardly to respective separate outlets on the exterior wall of the body; another set of passages for another fluid extend axially from one end of the body to the opposite end between oppositely located plenum chambers; the another set of passages are interposed between the first fluid passages.

Abstract: A vortex heat exchanger device for the heat transfer between fluids of different temperatures that flow through the device. The vortex heat exchanger comprises a plurality of tubes each of a different diametric and each disposed concentrically relative to one another to define a plurality of channels. Fluid is tangentially introduced into the channels through at least two inlets, and fluid is tangentially emitted from the channels through at least two outlets. The tangential arrangement of the inlets and the outlets allow the fluids to flow through the annular channels in a vortex pattern.

Abstract: An apparatus for burning coal water fuel, dry ultrafine coal, pulverized l and other liquid and gaseous fuels including a vertically extending outer wall and an inner, vertically extending cylinder located concentrically within the outer wall, the annnular space between the outer wall and the inner cylinder defining a combustion chamber and the all space within the inner cylinder defining an exhaust chamber. Fuel and atomizing air are injected tangentially near the bottom of the combustion chamber and secondary air is introduced at selected points along the length of the combustion chamber. Combustion occurs along the spiral flow path in the combustion chamber and the combined effects of centrifugal, gravitational and aerodynamic forces cause particles of masses or sizes greater than the threshold to be trapped in a stratified manner until completely burned out. Remaining ash particles are then small enough to be entrained by the flue gas and exit the system via the exhaust chamber in the opposite direction.