Abstract: A torque detection device of a rear frame of an electrically assisted bicycle includes two displacement detection units and a processing unit. The displacement detection units are installed at upper and lower fork arms of the rear frame respectively for detecting and converting displacement into force. Through mechanical analysis and mathematical operations, the processing unit processes signals obtained by the displacement detection units to remove any force perpendicular to a road surface and obtain a rider's treading torque while pedaling a pedal crank module. The displacement detection units are mounted onto the upper and lower fork arms without requiring any rotary joint. The displacement detection units are displacement detection devices applying different physical and chemical methods, such as strain gauges, piezoelectric sensors, electromagnetic sensors, capacitive sensors, or optical sensors.

Abstract: A treading torque detection device includes a pre-set trading torque and a motor. The torque from the pre-set trading torque and the torque from the motor are respectively connected to a hollow tube mounted to an axle via a first one-way transmission device and a second one-way transmission device. The two respective powers are transmitted to a chainwheel by the hollow tube. A torque detection unit us connected to the hollow tube and located between the first and second one-way transmission devices. The power from the motor and the treading torques from the two ends of the axle do not affect to each other. When the torque detection unit detects a torque that is higher than the pre-set trading torque, the motor is activated to provide power, and the detected torque is reduced to the pre-set torque.

Abstract: A torque detection device of a rear frame of an electrically assisted bicycle includes two displacement detection units and a processing unit. The displacement detection units are installed at upper and lower fork arms of the rear frame respectively for detecting and converting displacement into force. Through mechanical analysis and mathematical operations, the processing unit processes signals obtained by the displacement detection units to remove any force perpendicular to a road surface and obtain a rider's treading torque while pedaling a pedal crank module. The displacement detection units are mounted onto the upper and lower fork arms without requiring any rotary joint. The displacement detection units are displacement detection devices applying different physical and chemical methods, such as strain gauges, piezoelectric sensors, electromagnetic sensors, capacitive sensors, or optical sensors.

Abstract: A high efficiency thermal conductivity structure includes a substrate, and plural thermally conductive wires formed on both surfaces of the substrate. The substrate is capable of forming the thermally conductive wires made of a high thermal conductivity material by a physical or chemical method. The thermally conductive wire includes a carbon nanotube or a tubular or columnar material with high thermal conductivity. The thermally conductive wire has a diameter or cross section in microscale or nanoscale size, a length in nanoscale to millimeter-scale size. During use, the thermal conductivity structure is placed between a heat source and a cooling unit. Heat from a heat source is conducted through the thermally conductive wire to the substrate. After the heat at the substrate re-adjusts its heat conduction path, the heat can be conducted from the thermally conductive wire on the other surface to the cooling unit efficiently.

Abstract: A treading torque detection device includes a pre-set trading torque and a motor. The torque from the pre-set trading torque and the torque from the motor are respectively connected to a hollow tube mounted to an axle via a first one-way transmission device and a second one-way transmission device. The two respective powers are transmitted to a chainwheel by the hollow tube. A torque detection unit us connected to the hollow tube and located between the first and second one-way transmission devices. The power from the motor and the treading torques from the two ends of the axle do not affect to each other. When the torque detection unit detects a torque that is higher than the pre-set trading torque, the motor is activated to provide power, and the detected torque is reduced to the pre-set torque.

Abstract: A multiple function microstructure with lotus and light trapping effects includes plural triangular walls with same and different heights and having a triangular cross section and arranged apart or staggered with one another, and a surface layer, a middle layer having zero to plural layers, and a bottom layer. The bottom layer and one of the other layers constitute a closed space to form an air spring, so that droplets can be bounced and separated from the surface of the microstructure. Each triangular wall has a cross section substantially in a smooth upwardly convex curve to prevent droplets from cracking while dropping. The microstructure selectively made of a hydrophobic material provides lotus and light trapping effects, and the microstructure selectively made of an oleophobic material provides a superoleophobic effect, and the surface of the microstructure may be coated with various type of chemical materials for different applications.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a central processing unit (CPU) expansion apparatus and a portable electronic apparatus. The CPU expansion apparatus has a first CPU connector and a first CPU. The portable electronic apparatus has a second CPU connector and a second CPU. When the first CPU connector is connected to the second CPU connector, a data transmission is implemented between the first CPU and the second CPU. A CPU expansion apparatus, portable electronic apparatus and processing method are also disclosed. With the electronic system, CPU expansion apparatus, portable electronic apparatus and processing method according to the invention, the portable electronic apparatus can be connected to an additional CPU externally and is thereby improved in efficiency of processing and computing.

Abstract: The automatic and manual electrical gear shifting apparatus includes a manual electrical gear shifting unit, for detecting a driving status and transmitting a sensing signal; a control unit, coupled to the sensing unit and the manual electrical gear shifting unit, and also coupled to a driving shift device and a mid-power motor, and a shift correction unit being coupled between the driving shift device and the control unit. The control unit resets the driving shift device to a start shift when the electric vehicle stops and if the transmission of an electric vehicle is an internal transmission. If the transmission of the electric vehicle is an external transmission and the shift of the driving shift device is set to a high gear, the control unit automatically increases the electrically assisted power of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A headlight heat dissipation device includes a headlight casing which has at least one hole and at least one metal-made and heat-conducting unit covers the at least one hole. The at least one metal-made and heat-conducting unit includes at least one slot which communicates with the at least one hole. A water-proof and air-permeable unit is mounted to the at least one metal-made and heat-conducting unit and covers the at least one slot. The at least one metal-made and heat-conducting unit has an extension portion located in the headlight casing and the extension portion is connected with the light source so as to transfer the heat from the light source to the at least one metal-made and heat-conducting unit to quickly bring the heat away from the headlight casing.

Abstract: The automatic gear shifting system for two-wheel electric vehicles includes a detection unit for detecting the status of operation of the two-wheel electric vehicle, a processing unit connected with the detection unit for receiving, analyzing and filtering the detected signals so as to generate a speed-changing signal that is correspondent to the detected signal, and a driving device having a low-power motor unit and control member with multiple nodes. The driving device is connected to the operation cable of the speed changing device. The driving device receives the signals of changing speed so as to change the gears according to the signals of changing speed. A motor unit located at the mediate portion of the vehicle is coupled to the processing unit and the front chainwheel. The gears are automatically changed according to the statuses of the two-wheel electric vehicle to provide sufficient power for climbing, low-speed and high-speed operations.

Abstract: The automatic and manual electrical gear shifting apparatus includes a manual electrical gear shifting unit, for detecting a driving status and transmitting a sensing signal; a control unit, coupled to the sensing unit and the manual electrical gear shifting unit, and also coupled to a driving shift device and a mid-power motor, and a shift correction unit being coupled between the driving shift device and the control unit. The control unit resets the driving shift device to a start shift when the electric vehicle stops and if the transmission of an electric vehicle is an internal transmission. If the transmission of the electric vehicle is an external transmission and the shift of the driving shift device is set to a high gear, the control unit automatically increases the electrically assisted power of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a smart energy-saving power source control apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a sensor set and a system control unit, and the system control unit includes a moving direction determination unit, a timer, a counter, a power switch system control unit.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a central processing unit (CPU) expansion apparatus and a portable electronic apparatus. The CPU expansion apparatus has a first CPU connector and a first CPU. The portable electronic apparatus has a second CPU connector and a second CPU. When the first CPU connector is connected to the second CPU connector, a data transmission is implemented between the first CPU and the second CPU. A CPU expansion apparatus, portable electronic apparatus and processing method are also disclosed. With the electronic system, CPU expansion apparatus, portable electronic apparatus and processing method according to the invention, the portable electronic apparatus can be connected to an additional CPU externally and is thereby improved in efficiency of processing and computing.

Abstract: The automatic gear shifting system for two-wheel electric vehicles includes a detection unit for detecting the status of operation of the two-wheel electric vehicle, a processing unit connected with the detection unit for receiving, analyzing and filtering the detected signals so as to generate a speed-changing signal that is correspondent to the detected signal, and a driving device having a low-power motor unit and control member with multiple nodes. The driving device is connected to the operation cable of the speed changing device. The driving device receives the signals of changing speed so as to change the gears according to the signals of changing speed. A motor unit located at the mediate portion of the vehicle is coupled to the processing unit and the front chainwheel. The gears are automatically changed according to the statuses of the two-wheel electric vehicle to provide sufficient power for climbing, low-speed and high-speed operations.

Abstract: The bicycle transmission device includes a hollow tube extending through the bottom bracket and two caps are connected to two ends of the hollow tube. A motor unit has two extensions and multiple fixing assemblies, wherein the extensions are positioned by the caps. The fixing assemblies fix the motor unit to the underside of the bicycle. A shaft extends through the hollow tube and a first one-way transmission device is connected to one end of the shaft. A chainwheel and a first passive wheel are connected to the other end of the transmission shaft. Two cranks are connected to two ends of the transmission shaft. A motor located in the motor unit and has a second passive wheel. The first and second passive wheels transmit energy via the belt. The present invention reduces the space required for the motor and balances the weight of the bicycle.

Abstract: A super-hydrophobic microstructure includes a base body on which plural protrusions with different heights are formed. Some of the protrusions with different heights construct at least one closed curve from the top view. The super-hydrophobic microstructure has the advantages of higher structural strength and lower cost, and is easy to be manufactured.

Abstract: A bicycle lock includes a first part and a second part located close to bicycle wheels by two bolts and two respective protection members are connected to the first part and the second part respectively. The protection members cover the heads of the bolts so that the unauthorized person cannot access the bolts to detach the bicycle lock from the bicycle. A lock rod is connected to the first part which is pivotable about the bolt corresponding thereto so as to be inserted into the second part to lock the wheel.

Abstract: A method for making molds with curved cooling paths includes a step of obtaining a drawing of a mold by using computers and the drawing including the positions of concavities, cooling paths and reference points; a step of manufacturing the mold by way of pour casting according to the drawing so as to obtain a mold having the concavities, the cooling paths and the reference points, and a step of trimming the concavities of the mold according to the reference points and opening two ends of each of the cooling paths to obtain a final mold.

Abstract: A bicycle lock includes a first part and a second part located close to bicycle wheels by two bolts and two respective protection members are connected to the first part and the second part respectively. The protection members cover the heads of the bolts so that the unauthorized person cannot access the bolts to detach the bicycle lock from the bicycle. A lock rod is connected to the first part which is pivotable about the bolt corresponding thereto so as to be inserted into the second part to lock the wheel.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for motorized bicycle is provided. The driving mechanism comprises a motor driving transmission device, a front driving sprocket and a pedal driving transmission device. The motor driving transmission device inwardly includes a motor shell, a magnet stator, an electromagnetic wire-coiled rotor and a cylindrical hollow rotatable shaft. The front driving sprocket has a transmission rotatable sleeve disposed therein for insertion of the hollow rotatable shaft there between. The pedal driving transmission device includes a pair of pedal cranks and a pedal driving shaft passing through the transmission rotatable sleeve and hollow rotatable shaft. First and Second single direction irreversible transmission devices are arranged such that either the motor driving transmission device or pedal driving transmission device may drive the transmission rotatable sleeve and front driving sprocket in proper rotational direction.