Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for frontal audio rendering in interaction with a screen size, the method including measuring playback environment information used to play back input content; and correcting an audio signal to be output based on the measured playback environment information and production environment information included in the input content.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a demand management based on an energy source selection by real-time price information. The method of controlling a demand management includes determining a lowest price energy source from among a plurality of energy sources based on energy price information associated with the plurality of energy sources and a level of a consumption need of a user for an energy use; and controlling an energy consumption apparatus to be supplied with energy from the determined energy source and to consume the supplied energy.

Abstract: An audio metadata providing apparatus and method and a multichannel audio data playback apparatus and method to support a dynamic format conversion are provided. Dynamic format conversion information may include information about a plurality of format conversion schemes that are used to convert a first format set by an author of multichannel audio data into a second format that is based on a playback environment of the multichannel audio data and that are each set for corresponding playback periods of the multichannel audio data. The audio metadata providing apparatus may provide audio metadata including the dynamic format conversion information. The multichannel audio data playback apparatus may identify the dynamic format conversion information from the audio metadata, may convert the first format of the multichannel audio data into the second format based on the identified dynamic format conversion information, and may play back the multichannel audio data in the second format.

Abstract: An audio metadata providing apparatus and method and a multichannel audio data playback apparatus and method to support a dynamic format conversion are provided. Dynamic format conversion information may include information about a plurality of format conversion schemes that are used to convert a first format set by an author of multichannel audio data into a second format that is based on a playback environment of the multichannel audio data and that are each set for corresponding playback periods of the multichannel audio data. The audio metadata providing apparatus may provide audio metadata including the dynamic format conversion information. The multichannel audio data playback apparatus may identify the dynamic format conversion information from the audio metadata, may convert the first format of the multichannel audio data into the second format based on the identified dynamic format conversion information, and may play back the multichannel audio data in the second format.

Abstract: Disclosed is an operation method of a communication node in a communication network. The operation method of the communication node having divided functions of a base station in a communication network may comprise generating digital pulse signals based on a high-speed clock synthesis for a time synchronization signal used for a synchronization operation of the communication node; performing counting on the digital pulse signals based on a notification setting value obtained in advance for controlling the synchronization operation of the communication node; generating a pulse signal corresponding to the notification configured value based on a result of the counting; and performing a function of the communication node, which is divided according to supporting functions of the base station, by performing an operation indicated by the generated pulse signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for near field communication (NFC) are provided. A reader searches for communication with another party according to a first communication method of transmitting a communication request signal or a reader searches for communication with another party according to a second communication method of performing wireless power transmission. When the reader receives a response signal from communication with another party, the reader performs communication with the other party.

Abstract: An audio metadata providing apparatus and method and a multichannel audio data playback apparatus and method to support a dynamic format conversion are provided. Dynamic format conversion information may include information about a plurality of format conversion schemes that are used to convert a first format set by an author of multichannel audio data into a second format that is based on a playback environment of the multichannel audio data and that are each set for corresponding playback periods of the multichannel audio data. The audio metadata providing apparatus may provide audio metadata including the dynamic format conversion information. The multichannel audio data playback apparatus may identify the dynamic format conversion information from the audio metadata, may convert the first format of the multichannel audio data into the second format based on the identified dynamic format conversion information, and may play back the multichannel audio data in the second format.

Abstract: An audio metadata providing apparatus and method and a multichannel audio data playback apparatus and method to support a dynamic format conversion are provided. Dynamic format conversion information may include information about a plurality of format conversion schemes that are used to convert a first format set by an author of multichannel audio data into a second format that is based on a playback environment of the multichannel audio data and that are each set for corresponding playback periods of the multichannel audio data. The audio metadata providing apparatus may provide audio metadata including the dynamic format conversion information. The multichannel audio data playback apparatus may identify the dynamic format conversion information from the audio metadata, may convert the first format of the multichannel audio data into the second format based on the identified dynamic format conversion information, and may play back the multichannel audio data in the second format.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for frontal audio rendering in interaction with a screen size, the method including measuring playback environment information used to play back input content; and correcting an audio signal to be output based on the measured playback environment information and production environment information included in the input content.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a cabinet, a tub disposed within the cabinet, to store wash water, a rotating tub rotatably disposed within the tub, a pulsator rotatably disposed within the rotating tub, a motor disposed beneath the tub, to provide power for rotation of the rotating tub and the pulsator, and a clutch assembly disposed between the motor and the rotating tub. The clutch assembly includes a clutch coupling movable vertically between upper and lower positions to transmit the power from the motor to at least one of the rotating tub and the pulsator, a coupling lever movable pivotally to vertically move the clutch coupling, and a clutch lever movable pivotally and operatively connected to the coupling lever to pivotally move the coupling lever.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal treatment system which enables a uniform temperature distribution and a uniform concentration distribution of reaction gas in an entire reaction space for a thermal treatment process, a method of performing a thermal treatment, and a method of manufacturing a CIGS solar cell using the same, wherein the thermal treatment system may include a reaction chamber with a reaction space, an external chamber surrounding the reaction chamber, a door chamber provided to open or close the reaction space of the reaction chamber, and an air flow adjusting apparatus for circulation of an flow inside the reaction space of the reaction chamber, wherein the air flow adjusting apparatus includes a driving axis, an air flow suction unit connected with the driving axis, and an air flow discharging unit connected with the air flow suction unit.

Abstract: A visible light communication (VLC) transmitting apparatus modulates source data to an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol according to an OFDM modulation method, inserts a diffusion code that is allocated to the VLC transmitting apparatus into a frequency axis of the OFDM symbol, converts the OFDM symbol in which the diffusion code is inserted to a visible light modulation signal, and transmits the converted visible light modulation signal. Thereby, a signal of the VLC transmitting apparatus in which a VLC receiving apparatus wants can be easily detected.

Abstract: An audio metadata providing apparatus and method and a multichannel audio data playback apparatus and method to support a dynamic format conversion are provided. Dynamic format conversion information may include information about a plurality of format conversion schemes that are used to convert a first format set by an author of multichannel audio data into a second format that is based on a playback environment of the multichannel audio data and that are each set for corresponding playback periods of the multichannel audio data. The audio metadata providing apparatus may provide audio metadata including the dynamic format conversion information. The multichannel audio data playback apparatus may identify the dynamic format conversion information from the audio metadata, may convert the first format of the multichannel audio data into the second format based on the identified dynamic format conversion information, and may play back the multichannel audio data in the second format.

Abstract: A wireless inducement system and an auto driving apparatus for driving a vehicle and a method of driving the same are provided. The wireless inducement system includes an implanted road positioning signaler, an auto driving apparatus, and smart roadside equipment. The implanted road positioning signaler is installed in a lane and transmits a reference location wireless signal including information about location coordinates and an electric wave sending time. The auto driving apparatus grasps a location using the received reference location wireless signal and performs auto driving, and the smart roadside equipment transmits situation information about an adjacent region of the vehicle to the auto driving apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermal treatment system which enables a uniform temperature distribution and a uniform concentration distribution of reaction gas in an entire reaction space for a thermal treatment process, a method of performing a thermal treatment, and a method of manufacturing a CIGS solar cell using the same, wherein the thermal treatment system may include a reaction chamber with a reaction space, an external chamber surrounding the reaction chamber, a door chamber provided to open or close the reaction space of the reaction chamber, and an air flow adjusting apparatus for circulation of an flow inside the reaction space of the reaction chamber, wherein the air flow adjusting apparatus includes a driving axis, an air flow suction unit connected with the driving axis, and an air flow discharging unit connected with the air flow suction unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for near field communication (NFC) are provided. A reader searches for communication with another party according to a first communication method of transmitting a communication request signal or a reader searches for communication with another party according to a second communication method of performing wireless power transmission. When the reader receives a response signal from communication with another party, the reader performs communication with the other party.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing soil reinforced by microbe-based bio-binders and soil produced by the method. The bio-binders are not harmful to humans, do not cause environmental pollution and secure sufficiently the soil strength and resistance against wind. According to the method, the soil is prepared by binding sand whose major components are silica and alumina, ureolytic microbes, urea, calcium ion, and polymer fibers, and the content of polymer fibers in sand ranges from 0.05 wt % to 5 wt %. In addition, it is preferable that the microbes provide CaCO3 at a rate at 1˜7×10?9 g CaCO3 ppt cell?1 hr?1 under optimum conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating a disease with bone mass loss, which comprises diaminodiphenylsulfone (Dapsone; DDS) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The composition according to the present invention may be effectively used to prevent or treat a disease with bone mass loss such as osteopenia or osteoporosis by effectively restoring the reduction of bone density and bone mass.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes a first communication unit configured to transmit and receive data using wireless LAN communication and a second communication unit configured to receive data using wireless communication that is different from the wireless LAN communication. The communication apparatus provides data, received through the first communication unit and the second communication unit, to a user terminal connected to a USB communication apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing soil reinforced by microbe-based bio-binders and soil produced by the method. The bio-binders are not harmful to humans, do not cause environmental pollution and secure sufficiently the soil strength and resistance against wind. According to the method, the soil is prepared by binding sand whose major components are silica and alumina, ureolytic microbes, urea, calcium ion, and polymer fibers, and the content of polymer fibers in sand ranges from 0.05 wt % to 5 wt %. In addition, it is preferable that the microbes provide CaCO3 at a rate at 1˜7×10?9 g CaCO3 ppt cell?1 hr?1 under optimum conditions.