Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same. The method comprises providing a carrier substrate that includes a conductive layer, placing a semiconductor die on the carrier substrate, forming an insulating layer to cover the semiconductor die on the carrier substrate, forming a via hole to penetrate the insulating layer at a side of the semiconductor die and to expose the conductive layer of the carrier substrate, performing a plating process in which the conductive layer of the carrier substrate is used as a seed to form a via filling the via hole, forming a first redistribution layer on a first surface of the semiconductor die and the insulating layer, removing the carrier substrate, and forming a second redistribution layer on a second surface of the semiconductor die and the insulating layer, the first surface and the second surface being located opposite each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device, and a method of manufacturing the same, includes a gate stack including an interlayer insulating layers and conductive patterns alternately stacked in a vertical direction on a substrate, a channel structure passing through the gate stack and having an upper end protruding above the gate stack, a memory layer surrounding a sidewall of the channel structure, and a source layer formed on the gate stack. The channel structure includes a core insulating layer extending in a central region of the channel structure in the vertical direction, and a channel layer surrounding a sidewall of the core insulating layer, the channel layer formed to be lower in the vertical direction than the core insulating layer and the memory layer.

Abstract: Provided is a diffuser equipped with an integrated cover that is opened and closed by an air current formed when a fan module is driven to control the spread of scent. The diffuser includes a body forming an exterior, a base inserted and fixed into the body and having a through-portion formed on one surface thereof, and an aroma container coupled to the base, wherein the base includes a cover rotatably provided on the through-portion, and an internal space of the body and an internal space of the base are selectively communicated with each other as the cover is rotated.

Abstract: A system for performing magnetic field communication is disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a system for performing magnetic field communication may include a first current mode power supply having a voltage and one or more inductors connected thereto; a power amplifier connected to the first current mode power supply; a first matching impedance unit including a first capacitor connected to the power amplifier; and a first magnetic field antenna including a coil and a resistor connected in parallel with the first matching impedance unit.

Abstract: A method can be used to form a plastic filler neck for a vehicle. The method includes providing a fuel injection pipe comprising a polyamide material containing nanoclay and having a single layer structure in cross-section, inserting and fastening a retainer into an internal space of a tip of the fuel injection pipe to support a refueling gun, directly fastening a cap holder to the tip of the fuel injection pipe, and mounting an air drain casing to an outer diameter portion of the cap holder fastened to the fuel injection pipe using a mounting bracket.

Abstract: A display device is provided. A display device including a plurality of light-output areas through which incident light is emitted and a light-blocking area which blocks the incident light, the display device includes a substrate, a bank layer which is disposed in the light-blocking area on the substrate and defines a plurality of openings, each of which is disposed in one of the plurality of light-output areas, and a color control pattern disposed in the opening of the bank layer, wherein the bank layer includes a first bank area which has a first thickness and defines the plurality of openings and a second bank area which is disposed between the plurality of openings and has a second thickness smaller than the first thickness.

Abstract: Provided are L-glufosinate intermediate preparation method or L-glufosinate preparation method, the method, for preparing L-glufosinate intermediate or L-glufosinate from an L-homoserine derivative, comprising a step of preparing a compound of Chemical Formula 2 from a compound of Chemical Formula 1.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a camera device including a magnet and a coil. The magnet includes: a first magnet disposed on each of first and second side surfaces of a camera module, and having a different polarity in a top portion and a bottom portion of the surface facing the coil; and a second magnet disposed on each of third and fourth side surfaces of the camera module, and having a different polarity on both side portions of the surface facing the coil. The coil includes: a first coil facing the first magnet; a second coil facing the first magnet and electrically separated from the first coil; and a third coil facing the second magnet and electrically separated from the first and second coils.

Abstract: A transistor that may provide improved durability and reliability is disclosed. The transistor includes a substrate including an active region, an element isolation film in the substrate that defines the active region, a first impurity region on a lower surface of the element isolation film, a second impurity region in the substrate, a gate electrode on the substrate and extending in a first direction, a source/drain area on at least one side of the gate electrode, a first source/drain contact group on the source/drain area, and a second source/drain contact group on the source/drain area and spaced apart from the first source/drain contact group in the first direction, wherein the second impurity region is between the first source/drain contact group and the second source/drain contact group.

Abstract: A storage device, including a nonvolatile memory device and a storage controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory device. The nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of word-lines stacked on a substrate, a plurality of memory cells provided in a plurality of channel holes, and a word-line cut region dividing the plurality of word-lines into a plurality of memory blocks. The storage controller groups a plurality of target memory cells into outer cells and inner cells. The storage controller includes an error correction code (ECC) decoder configured to perform an ECC decoding operation by obtaining outer cell bits and inner cell bits during a read operation on the plurality of target memory cells, and applying different log likelihood ratio (LLR) values to the outer cell bits and the inner cell bits.

Abstract: Provided are a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method, and more specifically, a substrate processing apparatus and a substrate processing method for easily cleaning an unnecessary thin film deposited on a lower surface and edge area of a substrate without inverting the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a machine learning-based energy management system, in which a system that manages and controls a power load module and a power source module on the basis of an energy management system (EMS) that performs controlling on the basis of energy is established so that a power source is able to operate a required load under an operating condition that maximizes energy efficiency and economic efficiency, and while the EMS operates in conjunction with a load control system (LCS) inducing an overall power generation efficiency increase and energy saving while controlling the charging and discharging of a battery according to the load size value of a generator, the power supply control signal of the power source corresponding to the required load of the power load module is calculated in real time by a control signal generation EMS algorithm that performs machine learning (ML) of load data/power data.

Abstract: A substrate processing method, comprising: using an exposure apparatus to process a substrate; and cleaning an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source of the exposure apparatus, wherein cleaning an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source comprising: spraying a cleaning solution on an inner surface of a housing of an EUV source; cleaning the inner surface of the housing; and aspirating a material produced from the cleaning of the inner surface of the housing, wherein the housing includes an internal space defined by the inner surface of the housing, wherein the internal space becoming narrower in a first direction, and wherein the cleaning solution includes sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

Abstract: An embodiment vehicle body includes a drive vehicle body module configured to accommodate a driving part of a vehicle and including a first plurality of frames coupled together and fastening units provided at an upper end of the drive vehicle body module and an upper vehicle body module including a second plurality of frames coupled together, wherein a lower end of the upper vehicle body module is fastened to the fastening units of the drive vehicle body module to define an interior usage space of the vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas diffusion layer for anion exchange membrane electrolysis which is hydrophilic and has alkali resistance, and further maintains high porosity and low electrical resistance, and a manufacturing method therefor.

Abstract: A load area tracking type ship battery management system is proposed. The ship battery management system includes a calculation unit for generating SFOC curve data periodically by calculating specific fuel oil consumption (SFOC) versus ship load factors, a LF setting unit for specifying a ship load factor point as a light load factor (LF) point in the SFOC curve data, a HF setting unit for specifying a ship load factor point as a heavy load factor (HF) point, a Emax setting unit configured to obtain a highest point (Emax) of generator efficiency, a Rmin setting unit for calculating battery charging efficiency in the LF to obtain a smallest load factor point (Rmin) bearing a generator load by battery charging, and a Rmax setting unit for calculating battery charging efficiency in the HF to obtain a highest load factor point (Rmax) bearing the generator load by battery discharging.

Abstract: An unloading arm manipulation training device is provided. The device includes: a frame having a training space inwardly; at least one screen which is provided in the frame and onto which an unloading arm training image is projected; and at least one image output unit that outputs the unloading arm training image toward the screen, wherein the at least one image output unit is provided outside the frame to output the unloading arm training image toward an outer surface of the at least one screen, thereby preventing a trainee located in the frame from being projected on the at least one screen.

Abstract: A method for forming an implant hard mask on a substrate provides a multi-layer hardmask resistant to high processing temperatures and ion energies. In some embodiments, the method may comprise depositing a screen layer of oxide material with a thickness of approximately 20 nm to approximately 100 nm, depositing a first layer of the implant hard mask of amorphous carbon with a second thickness of approximately 100 nm to approximately 3000 nm; depositing a second layer of the implant hard mask of oxide with a third thickness of approximately 100 nm to approximately 3000 nm; depositing a photoresist layer on the second layer of the implant hard mask, and patterning the photoresist layer to expose portions of the second layer of the implant hard mask, etching the second layer of the implant hard mask and then the first layer of the implant hard mask using a hard mask etch process to expose portions of the screen layer.

Abstract: A heat pump system for a vehicle includes a valve, an electrical component cooling apparatus, a battery cooling apparatus, an internal heating apparatus, an internal cooling device, a centralized energy device, and a chiller for controlling a temperature of a battery module by use of a chiller in which a coolant and a refrigerant are heat-exchanged, and for recovering and using heat from various heat sources in a heating mode of a vehicle for indoor heating to improve heating efficiency, wherein the battery coolant line is selectively connectable to the first connection line through a battery coolant connection line connecting the battery coolant line and the first connection line.

Abstract: An ultrasound mask according to an embodiment comprises a plurality of interconnection wirings comprising first wirings arranged in a first direction and second wirings arranged in a second direction different from the first direction, each of the first and second wirings being disposed between piezoelectric members, wherein the interconnection wirings come in contact with a protective layer.