Abstract: Disclosed is a charge pump of a flash memory, which includes a first stage pump that is connected between an output terminal and a first pump node, and a second stage pump that is connected between the first pump node and a second pump node. The first stage pump includes a first switch circuit that is connected between a power terminal and the first pump node and provides a power supply voltage to the first pump node in response to a first stage signal, in a normal operation, and a first pump circuit that generates a first pumping voltage by using a voltage of the first pump node in response to a first clock signal and provides the first pumping voltage to the output terminal. The first switch circuit blocks a current flow from the first pump node to the power terminal in a sudden power-off event.

Abstract: A polyester film includes a laminate including a plurality of first layers and a plurality of second layers alternately stacked on the plurality of first layers. Each of the first layers includes lactic acid residues, and each of the second layers includes terephthalate residues and adipic acid residues. The polyester film has an average equivalent noise level of 78 dB or less from a noise level test for film spinning the polyester film 180 degrees at 800 rpm for 30 seconds or more, and has Young's modulus of 280 kgf/mm2 or less.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a sheet comprising an acrylic resin layer and a fluorinated polymer resin layer directly formed on one surface of the acrylic resin layer; a laminated steel plate comprising the sheet; and a manufacturing method therefor.

Abstract: A sheet according to an embodiment comprises an acrylic resin layer and a fluorinated polymer resin layer, and has an ultraviolet transmittance spectrum with a controlled shape so as to have weather resistance that inhibits discoloration and deformation caused by heat, moisture and UV rays and also have excellent formability. Therefore, the sheet can be applied to construction interior/exterior materials, particularly, to a laminated steel sheet or a decorative sheet for window frames.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a sheet comprising an acrylic resin layer and a fluorinated polymer resin layer directly formed on one surface of the acrylic resin layer; a laminated steel plate comprising the sheet; and a manufacturing method therefor.