Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including: a primary particle including an electrochemically active material; and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm-1 and 1360 cm-1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm-1 and 1580 cm-1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm-1 and 2750 cm-1. In one embodiment, a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.1, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: Composite anode materials and methods of making same, the anode materials including capsules including graphene, reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof, and particles of an active material disposed inside of the capsules. The particles may each include a core and a buffer layer surrounding the core. The core may include crystalline silicon, and the buffer layer may include a silicon oxide, a lithium silicate, carbon, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including a primary particle including thermally disproportionated silicon oxide, and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm-1 and 1360 cm-1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm-1 and 1600 cm-1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm-1 and 2750 cm-1, wherein a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.0, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including a primary particle including thermally disproportionated silicon oxide, and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm?1 and 1360 cm?1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm?1 and 1600 cm?1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm?1 and 2750 cm?1, wherein a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.0, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: An active material for a lithium ion secondary battery includes core particles containing SiO or M-SiO materials where M is selected from Al, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, Ni, Sn, Ti, Zn, Zr, or any combination thereof, and an amorphous Group 13 or Group 15 material (“G13/G15 material”) comprising at least one element selected from boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), or bismuth (Bi), coated on the core particles.

Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including: a primary particle including an electrochemically active material; and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm?1 and 1360 cm?1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm?1 and 1580 cm?1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm?1 and 2750 cm?1. In one embodiment, a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.1, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: Active material composite particles, an electrode including the composite particles, a lithium ion secondary battery including the electrode, and method of forming the same, in which the composite particles each include a core particle including an alkali metal or an alkali earth metal silicate, and a coating disposed on the surface of the core particle. The coating includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm?1 and 1360 cm?1 ; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1580 cm?1 and 1600 cm?1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm?1 and 2750 cm?1, wherein a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.1, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: A negative electrode of a lithium ion electrochemical cell, the negative electrode including an active electrode material that includes a first component and a second component. The first component may include graphene, silicon, or a combination thereof. The second component may include silicon. The active electrode material may include particles in which the second component is encapsulated by the first component. The negative electrode may have an internal porosity of between 40 to 60 percent.

Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including a primary particle including thermally disproportionated silicon oxide, and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm?1 and 1360 cm?1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm?1 and 1600 cm?1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm?1 and 2750 cm?1, wherein a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.0, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: Composite anode materials and methods of making same, the anode materials including capsules including graphene, reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof, and particles of an active material disposed inside of the capsules. The particles may each include a core and a buffer layer surrounding the core. The core may include crystalline silicon, and the buffer layer may include a silicon oxide, a lithium silicate, carbon, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A composite anode material including an active material including a core of silicon, silicon oxide, or combination thereof encased within a buffer layer including a polymeric material, and a shell encapsulating the active material. The shell may include graphene, graphene oxide, partially reduced graphene oxide, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: An electrode material for a lithium ion secondary battery and method of forming the same, the electrode material including composite particles, each composite particle including: a primary particle including an electrochemically active material; and an envelope disposed on the surface of the primary particle. The envelope includes turbostratic carbon having a Raman spectrum having: a D band having a peak intensity (ID) at wave number between 1330 cm?1 and 1360 cm?1; a G band having a peak intensity (IG) at wave number between 1530 cm?1 and 1580 cm?1; and a 2D band having a peak intensity (I2D) at wave number between 2650 cm?1 and 2750 cm?1. In one embodiment, a ratio of ID/IG ranges from greater than zero to about 1.1, and a ratio of I2D/IG ranges from about 0.4 to about 2.

Abstract: Composite anode materials and methods of making same, the anode materials including capsules including graphene, reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof, and particles of an active material disposed inside of the capsules. The particles may each include a core and a buffer layer surrounding the core. The core may include crystalline silicon, and the buffer layer may include a silicon oxide, a lithium silicate, carbon, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present application relates to composite particles for a negative electrode of an electrochemical cell, an anode including the composite particles, methods of forming the same. The composite particles each include: a capsule including crumpled sheets of a graphene material; a core encapsulated in the capsule, the core including an electrochemically active material; and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) disposed in capsule, the core, or both the capsule and the core.

Abstract: A composite anode material including an active material including a core of silicon, silicon oxide, or combination thereof encased within a buffer layer including a polymeric material, and a shell encapsulating the active material. The shell may include graphene, graphene oxide, partially reduced graphene oxide, or combinations thereof.

Abstract: Composite anode materials and methods of making same, the anode materials including capsules including graphene, reduced graphene oxide, graphene oxide, or a combination thereof, and particles of an active material disposed inside of the capsules. The particles may each include a core and a buffer layer surrounding the core. The core may include crystalline silicon, and the buffer layer may include a silicon oxide, a lithium silicate, carbon, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A negative electrode of a lithium ion electrochemical cell, the negative electrode including an active electrode material that includes a first component and a second component. The first component may include graphene, silicon, or a combination thereof. The second component may include silicon. The active electrode material may include particles in which the second component is encapsulated by the first component. The negative electrode may have an internal porosity of between 40 to 60 percent.