Abstract: A substrate analysis apparatus is provided. The substrate analysis includes: an interlayer conveying module configured to transport a first FOUP; an exchange module which is connected to the interlayer conveying module, and configured to transfer a wafer from the first FOUP to a second FOUP; a pre-processing module configured to form a test wafer piece using the wafer inside the second FOUP; an analysis module configured to analyze the test wafer piece; and a transfer rail configured to transport the second FOUP containing the wafer and a tray containing the test wafer piece. The wafer includes a first identifier indicating information corresponding to the wafer, the test wafer piece includes a second identifier indicating information generated by the pre-processing module which corresponds to the test wafer piece, and the analysis module is configured to analyze the first identifier and the second identifier in connection with each other.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device according to the embodiment includes: a first inverter; and a second inverter cross-coupled to the first inverter, wherein the second inverter includes a pull-up transistor, a pull-down transistor, and a ferroelectric field effect transistor having gate nodes connected to each other, and a restore transistor having one electrode connected to the ferroelectric field effect transistor, and the second inverter stores data in a nonvolatile manner.

Abstract: A PUF apparatus comprises: a PUF cell array in which a plurality of PUF cells are arranged each including a FeFET pair whose gates are commonly connected to a corresponding word line among a plurality of word lines, and whose drains and sources are connected to a corresponding bit line pair and a corresponding source line pair among a plurality of bit line pairs and a plurality of source line pairs running in a direction crossing the plurality of word lines; and a read-write-back block which is activated according to a read enable signal, and senses and amplifies a voltage difference occurring in a corresponding bit line pair among the plurality of bit line pairs according to the difference in driving strength due to a deviation in a manufacturing process of the FeFET pair in the PUF cell selected by a selected word line among the plurality of word lines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising Notoginseng radix extract for preventing and treating arthritis as an effective ingredient. Notoginseng radix extract of the present invention inhibits release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and is the death of activated T-cells only, so that it can be effectively used for the production of a medicine for preventing and treating arthritis and health food as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising Notoginseng radix extract for preventing and treating arthritis as an effective ingredient. Notoginseng radix extract of the present invention inhibits release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and is the death of activated T-cells only, so that it can be effectively used for the production of a medicine for preventing and treating arthritis and health food as well.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising Notoginseng radix extract for preventing and treating arthritis as an effective ingredient. Notoginseng radix extract of the present invention inhibits release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) and is the death of activated T-cells only, so that it can be effectively used for the production of a medicine for preventing and treating arthritis and health food as well.