Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate that face each other; an organic light-emitting device that is disposed between the first and second substrates and includes a pixel electrode separately formed in each pixel, a common electrode facing the pixel electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer disposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode; and an electrode unit and at least one wiring unit that are disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the electrode unit including at least one thin-film transistor for transmitting a light-emitting signal to the pixel electrode and at least one capacitor, wherein an optical property modification layer obtained by modifying an optical property of at least one of the electrode unit and the wiring unit is formed on a surface of the at least one of the electrode unit and the wiring unit.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring impedance of a fuel cell stack capable of accurately measuring the impedance even when a DC current of the fuel cell stack is changed depending on fluctuation of a load, by compensating for an AC voltage (or AC current) used to measure the impedance of the fuel cell stack based on a DC current of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes, for example, a bus electrode, an insulating layer covering the bus electrode and having a bus electrode hole exposing at least a part of the bus electrode, a pixel electrode formed on the insulating layer and electrically coupled with the bus electrode, a pixel defining layer exposing a part of the pixel electrode and a part of the bus electrode, a first intermediate layer on the pixel defining layer and the pixel electrode, the first intermediate layer having a first opening to expose the part of the bus electrode, an emission layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, and an opposite electrode to correspond to the pixel electrode and the bus electrode and contacting the bus electrode through the first opening and the bus electrode hole.

Abstract: There are provided a casting roll of a twin-roll strip caster and a method for manufacturing a high-nitrogen duplex stainless steel strip having no dimple. The casting roll has an average roughness Ra of 10 ?m to 30 ?m, and diagonal fine grooves having a width of 50 ?m to 500 ?m, an interval of 100 ?m to 1000 ?m, and a depth of 50 ?m to 200 ?m are formed in the casting roll. The diagonal fine grooves are symmetrically intersecting each other at an angle of 30° to 70° with respect to circumferential direction of the casting roll.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes, for example, a bus electrode, an insulating layer covering the bus electrode and having a bus electrode hole exposing at least a part of the bus electrode, a pixel electrode formed on the insulating layer and electrically coupled with the bus electrode, a pixel defining layer exposing a part of the pixel electrode and a part of the bus electrode, a first intermediate layer on the pixel defining layer and the pixel electrode, the first intermediate layer having a first opening to expose the part of the bus electrode, an emission layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, and an opposite electrode to correspond to the pixel electrode and the bus electrode and contacting the bus electrode through the first opening and the bus electrode hole.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for diagnosing a state of a fuel cell stack with high accuracy by reducing the deviation of a harmonic component although the voltage variation of the fuel cell stack is substantial. According to the present invention, a harmonic component is detected by converting the difference between the voltage of the fuel cell stack and a moving average voltage to a frequency and the state of the fuel cell stack is diagnosed based on the size of the detected harmonic component.

Abstract: A driving control method and system of a fuel cell system are provided. The method includes monitoring an exterior temperature. In addition, the method includes increasing hydrogen pressure at an anode side of a fuel cell stack when the exterior temperature is less than a preset exterior temperature during the monitoring.

Abstract: Present disclosure relates to a heater block including a plurality of heating lamps mounted on one surface thereof facing an object to be processed, e.g., a substrate and a substrate processing apparatus including the same. The heating lamp includes a first lamp configured to irradiate ultraviolet (UV) rays to the object to be processed and a second lamp configured to irradiate infrared (IR) rays to the object to be processed. A relative ratio of the number of first lamp to the number of second lamp is different for each of a plurality of areas on the one surface. Provided are the heater block that may thermally compensate a temperature of an edge area of the substrate to increase temperature uniformity of the substrate and the substrate processing apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure controls the heat source unit such that a to-be-processed object in which a hydrogen-containing to-be-processed layer is formed is irradiated with light in two stages, and thus the electrical characteristics of a semiconductor device may be suppressed and prevented from being deteriorated due to hydrogen. That is, ultraviolet light (UV) which is firstly radiated may induce a chemical reaction for separating Si—H bonds in the to-be-processed layer, and infrared light (IR) which is secondly radiated may induce a thermal reaction for vaporizing the separated hydrogen from the Si—H bonds. As such, both a chemical reaction for separating bonds of hydrogen and other ions in the to-be-processed layer and a thermal reaction for vaporizing hydrogen are performed, and thus hydrogen may be more easily removed than a temperature at which hydrogen is vaporized from the to-be-processed layer by only a thermal reaction.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus of an electrolyte membrane is provided. The apparatus includes a lower supporter having a gas line through which gas flows or a concave portion that stores the gas. An upper supporter is disposed at an upper side of the lower supporter, and includes an opening. A membrane-electrode assembly is disposed between the lower supporter and the upper supporter. An upper cover covers an upper portion of the opening, and is formed with a plurality of partitions. An exhaust port is formed at the upper supporter to exhaust deionized water.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes, for example, a bus electrode, an insulating layer covering the bus electrode and having a bus electrode hole exposing at least a part of the bus electrode, a pixel electrode formed on the insulating layer and electrically coupled with the bus electrode, a pixel defining layer exposing a part of the pixel electrode and a part of the bus electrode, a first intermediate layer on the pixel defining layer and the pixel electrode, the first intermediate layer having a first opening to expose the part of the bus electrode, an emission layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, and an opposite electrode to correspond to the pixel electrode and the bus electrode and contacting the bus electrode through the first opening and the bus electrode hole.

Abstract: A multi-functional apparatus for testing and etching a substrate capable of increasing spatial efficiency and manufacturing efficiency by performing testing and etching operations in a same chamber body and a substrate processing apparatus including the same, the multi-functional apparatus including a chamber body having an entrance into which the substrate is injected in one of its sides and an exit from which the substrate is ejected in another one of its sides; a transfer unit disposed inside of the chamber body and for transferring the injected substrate in a direction from the entrance to the exit; a laser etching unit disposed on an upper portion of the transfer unit and for etching a part of the substrate disposed on the transfer unit; and a testing unit for testing the substrate disposed on the transfer unit.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus using a power transistor in a fuel cell stack diagnostic system provides an apparatus using a power transistor in a fuel cell stack diagnostic system. The apparatus includes a regenerative braking detector that detects regenerative braking of a fuel cell vehicle equipped with a fuel cell stack diagnostic system; a voltage rise determiner that determines whether a voltage rise due to regenerative braking of a fuel cell vehicle is a predetermined value or more; and a power transistor controller that controls an AC signal generator so that the voltage due to the regenerative braking is discharged by the power transistor, when the voltage rise due to regenerative braking determined by the voltage rise determiner is a predetermined value or more.

Abstract: A diagnostic system and method for a fuel cell stack that diagnoses the state and/or failure of the fuel cell stack. More specifically, the diagnostic control analyzer diagnoses and analyzes the state of the fuel cell stack by measuring the voltage and the current received from the fuel cell stack. To do this, an AC signal generator cogenerates a diagnostic AC signal according to the control upon receiving a control command form the analyzer, and an AC component driving element is then driven upon receiving the AC signal that is output from the AC signal generator in order to include a diagnostic AC component within the current of the fuel cell stack. In particular, the diagnostic control analyzer diagnoses the fuel cell stack based on a voltage and a current received from the fuel cell stack that includes the AC component via a load.

Abstract: A failure diagnosis apparatus that includes an alternating current (AC) absorption unit that is connected to the fuel cell stack and switched based on an applied AC signal to enable a current from the fuel cell stack to flow. In addition, an AC signal generator is configured to generate the AC signal and supply the generated AC signal to the AC absorption unit. As the current from the fuel cell stack is absorbed by the AC absorption unit based on an alternating signal, a stack current input into a diagnosis processing unit includes an AC component, thus the diagnosis processing unit may diagnose fuel cell stack failure by analyzing a frequency of the AC component.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) including an active layer, a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, the thin film transistor includes at least one of a switching TFT and a driving TFT. A pixel electrode is connected to one of the source electrode or the drain electrode. An auxiliary electrode is spaced apart from the TFT and the pixel electrode. An intermediate layer is disposed on at least a portion of the pixel electrode and on at least a portion of the auxiliary electrode. A first electrode is disposed on at least a portion of the intermediate layer and on at least a portion of the auxiliary electrode. A second electrode, which directly contacts an upper surface of the auxiliary electrode, is disposed on the first electrode. A contact hole exposes at least a portion of the auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a twin-roll strip caster, a method for manufacturing a duplex stainless steel sheet using the same, and a thin duplex stainless steel sheet. The twin-roll strip caster includes a pair of casting rolls rotating in opposite directions, an edge dam installed such that a molten steel pool is formed on respective sides of the casting rolls, and a meniscus shield provided to cover the molten steel pool such that a contact between the molten steel pool and air is blocked, wherein hills and valleys are alternately arranged on surfaces of the cast rolls in circumferential directions thereof and a hill area in edge sections thereof is higher than that in centers sections thereof. Since cast rolls in which a hill area ratio of edge sections is higher than that of center sections are used, a thin stainless steel sheet with improved edge quality may be provided.

Abstract: To diagnose a fault of a fuel cell stack, an alternating current having a first optimal frequency of a first frequency domain to diagnose a drop in cell voltage and an alternating current having a second optimal frequency of a second frequency domain to diagnose a cause of the drop in cell voltage are supplied to the fuel cell stack are provided. A distortion rate is then calculated based on voltage of the fuel cell stack according to the alternating current of the first optimal frequency, and the drop in cell voltage is diagnosed based on the calculated distortion rate. Also, impedance is calculated based on voltage and a current of the fuel cell stack according to the alternating current of the second optimal frequency and amount of water is calculated based on the calculated in the fuel cell stack, and the cause of the drop in cell voltage is diagnosed based on the calculated impedance and amount of water.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes, for example, a pixel electrode and a bus electrode spaced apart and electrically insulated from each other, a pixel defining layer exposing a part of the pixel electrode including a central part thereof and a part of the bus electrode, a first intermediate layer on a top surface of the pixel defining layer between the pixel electrode and the bus electrode, the first intermediate layer having a first opening in a part of the bus electrode to expose a part of the bus electrode, an emission layer disposed on the first intermediate layer, and an opposite electrode disposed on the emission layer to correspond to the pixel electrode and the bus electrode and contacting the bus electrode through the first opening of the first intermediate layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for diagnosing a fuel cell diagnoses a state of a fuel cell by estimating a fuel-cell equivalent circuit. The apparatus for diagnosing a fuel cell includes: an impedance measurement unit configured to measure impedance of a fuel cell within a predetermined frequency range; an equivalent circuit model unit configured to derive each parameter value by estimating a predetermined fuel-cell equivalent circuit model in response to the impedance received from the impedance measurement unit; and a fuel-cell-state diagnosis unit configured to diagnose a state of the fuel cell by detecting a variation of the parameter value derived from the equivalent circuit model unit.