Abstract: A battery system includes: a storage that stores, at each predetermined storage period, mapping data that map an SOC and a first open voltage; and a controller that performs: when a number of times of storing the mapping data reaches a predetermined reference number of times so that a calibration period arrives, estimating a first relationship graph between a plurality of SOCs and a plurality of open circuit voltages; calculating a plurality of relationship graphs by reflecting a plurality of preset error values in the first relationship graph; calculating a summed value of distances between each of the plurality of relationship graphs and the mapping data; determining an error value corresponding to a minimum value among a plurality of summed values to be a final error value; and determining whether the final error value falls within a predetermined reference range, to determine whether to calibrate an initial SOC value.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a grille fan assembly, which includes one evaporator and one blower fan to blow cold air generated from the evaporator, disposed in one storage chamber. The grille fan assembly supplies the cold air blown by the blower fan to a first upper storage chamber and a first lower storage chamber, thereby cooling the three independent storage chambers using one evaporator and one blower fan.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a grille fan assembly, which includes one evaporator and one blower fan to blow cold air generated from the evaporator, disposed in one storage chamber. The grille fan assembly supplies the cold air blown by the blower fan to a first upper storage chamber and a first lower storage chamber, thereby cooling the three independent storage chambers using one evaporator and one blower fan.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a storage casing having a first storage compartment and a front wall protruding outward along a front edge of the storage compartment; a hot line located along a rear surface of the front wall; and a first barrier located inside the first storage compartment so as to cross the storage first compartment in a left and right direction, the first barrier partitioning the first storage compartment into a first upper storage compartment and a first lower storage compartment. A hot line outlet configured to allow a first portion of the hot line to be withdrawn therethrough is located in one side of the first storage casing in contact with the first barrier. A second portion of the hot line extends inwardly with respect to the first storage casing so as to overlap a front surface of the first barrier.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a first inner case having a first front surface defining a first portion of an exterior of a front surface of the refrigerator, a second inner case having a second front surface defining a second portion of the exterior of the front surface of the refrigerator, the second inner case being separable from the first inner case, and a coupling assembly being disposed at a rear of each of the first front surface and the second front surface, the coupling assembly being configured to fix the first inner case to the second inner case. A method for manufacturing the refrigerator is also provided.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body having a cooking chamber, a door rotatably connected to the body, hinge mechanisms that rotatably connect the door to the body, a control device disposed at the door, and a wire connected to the control device. The door includes a front panel that seats the control device, an intermediate panel spaced apart from the front panel and disposed rearward of the front panel toward the cooking chamber, a rear panel spaced apart from the intermediate panel and disposed rearward of the intermediate panel toward the cooking chamber, a pair of side frames disposed at both lateral sides of the intermediate panel and disposed vertically below the control device, and a lower frame configured to support the intermediate panel and the rear panel. At least one of the side frames includes a wire guide configured to guide the wire to the control device.

Abstract: A processor of a battery apparatus estimates an internal resistance of a battery at a reference temperature based on a measured voltage of the battery, a measured current of the battery, an open circuit voltage of the battery, and a measured temperature of the battery, and estimates a resistance state of the battery based on the estimated internal resistance and a beginning of life (BOL) resistance at the reference temperature when the battery is in a BOL state.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body that defines a cooking chamber therein, a door rotatably connected to the body and configured to open and close at least a portion of the cooking chamber, a hinge mechanism that rotatably connects the door to the body, and a control device disposed in the door. The control device includes a control housing that is configured to accommodate one or more components of the control device and that includes a first sidewall that defines an air inlet, and a second sidewall that defines an air outlet, an inlet-side cooling fan disposed at a first position of the control housing closer to the air inlet than the air outlet, and an outlet-side cooling fan disposed at a second position of the control housing closer to the air outlet than the air inlet.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body having a cooking chamber, a door rotatably connected to the body, hinge mechanisms that rotatably connect the door to the body, a control device disposed at the door, and a wire connected to the control device. The door includes a front panel that seats the control device, an intermediate panel spaced apart from the front panel and disposed rearward of the front panel toward the cooking chamber, a rear panel spaced apart from the intermediate panel and disposed rearward of the intermediate panel toward the cooking chamber, a pair of side frames disposed at both lateral sides of the intermediate panel and disposed vertically below the control device, and a lower frame configured to support the intermediate panel and the rear panel. At least one of the side frames includes a wire guide configured to guide the wire to the control device.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body having a cooking chamber, a door rotatably connected to the body, hinge mechanisms that rotatably connect the door to the body, a control device disposed at the door, and a wire connected to the control device. The door includes a front panel that seats the control device, an intermediate panel spaced apart from the front panel and disposed rearward of the front panel toward the cooking chamber, a rear panel spaced apart from the intermediate panel and disposed rearward of the intermediate panel toward the cooking chamber, a pair of side frames disposed at both lateral sides of the intermediate panel and disposed vertically below the control device, and a lower frame configured to support the intermediate panel and the rear panel. At least one of the side frames includes a wire guide configured to guide the wire to the control device.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body that defines a cooking chamber therein, a door rotatably connected to the body and configured to open and close at least a portion of the cooking chamber, a hinge mechanism that rotatably connects the door to the body, and a control device disposed in the door. The control device includes a control housing that is configured to accommodate one or more components of the control device and that includes a first sidewall that defines an air inlet, and a second sidewall that defines an air outlet, an inlet-side cooling fan disposed at a first position of the control housing closer to the air inlet than the air outlet, and an outlet-side cooling fan disposed at a second position of the control housing closer to the air outlet than the air inlet.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body that defines a cooking chamber therein, a door rotatably connected to the body and configured to open and close at least a portion of the cooking chamber, a hinge mechanism that rotatably connects the door to the body, and a control device disposed in the door. The control device includes a control housing that is configured to accommodate one or more components of the control device and that includes a first sidewall that defines an air inlet, and a second sidewall that defines an air outlet, an inlet-side cooling fan disposed at a first position of the control housing closer to the air inlet than the air outlet, and an outlet-side cooling fan disposed at a second position of the control housing closer to the air outlet than the air inlet.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body that defines a cooking chamber therein, a door rotatably connected to the body and configured to open and close at least a portion of the cooking chamber, a hinge mechanism that rotatably connects the door to the body, and a control device disposed in the door. The control device includes a control housing that is configured to accommodate one or more components of the control device and that includes a first sidewall that defines an air inlet, and a second sidewall that defines an air outlet, an inlet-side cooling fan disposed at a first position of the control housing closer to the air inlet than the air outlet, and an outlet-side cooling fan disposed at a second position of the control housing closer to the air outlet than the air inlet.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a body having a cooking chamber, a door rotatably connected to the body, hinge mechanisms that rotatably connect the door to the body, a control device disposed at the door, and a wire connected to the control device. The door includes a front panel that seats the control device, an intermediate panel spaced apart from the front panel and disposed rearward of the front panel toward the cooking chamber, a rear panel spaced apart from the intermediate panel and disposed rearward of the intermediate panel toward the cooking chamber, a pair of side frames disposed at both lateral sides of the intermediate panel and disposed vertically below the control device, and a lower frame configured to support the intermediate panel and the rear panel. At least one of the side frames includes a wire guide configured to guide the wire to the control device.