Abstract: According to embodiments, there may be provided a rack-driven steering device, comprising a ball nut coupled with a ball screw via balls and rotating to slide the ball screw, a ball nut gear provided on an outer circumferential surface of the ball nut, a motor gear provided on a shaft of a motor providing driving force to the ball nut and disposed in parallel with the ball screw, and a middle gear coupled between the ball nut gear and the motor gear and transferring the driving force from the motor.

Abstract: A steer by wire type steering apparatus comprises an input shaft having one end coupled to a reducer and having an input gear formed on an outer circumferential surface of another end to transmit driving force of a motor, an output shaft having an output gear coupled to the input gear formed on one side of an outer circumferential surface, a first gear coupled to one end, and a pitman arm coupled to another end, a sensor shaft having one end coupled to a second gear coupled to the first gear, and an angle sensor coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the sensor shaft to detect a rotational angle of the sensor shaft and transmit the rotational angle of the sensor shaft to an electronic control device.

Abstract: A steer by wire type steering apparatus according to the present embodiments comprises a rotating shaft that rotates in conjunction with a steering shaft, a housing provided with a ball seating portion at one end and a ball is coupled and supported between the ball seating portion and an inner circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, a support member disposed inside the housing and provided with a protruding support portion for supporting the ball to one side in a circumferential direction while protruding in an axial direction, a ball support elastic member coupled to the housing and elastically supporting the ball to another side in the circumferential direction, and an actuator for moving the support member in the axial direction.

Abstract: According to the embodiments, it is possible to mitigate noise by compensating for the clearance inside the bearing supporting the rotation of the ball nut and the clearance between the ball nut and the ball screw and prevent excessive friction between the ball nut and the ball screw and inside the bearing to thereby allow the driver a better steering feel.

Abstract: According to embodiments, there may be provided a rack-driven steering device, comprising a ball nut coupled with a ball screw via balls and rotating to slide the ball screw, a ball nut gear provided on an outer circumferential surface of the ball nut, a motor gear provided on a shaft of a motor providing driving force to the ball nut and disposed in parallel with the ball screw, and a middle gear coupled between the ball nut gear and the motor gear and transferring the driving force from the motor.

Abstract: According to the embodiments, it is possible to mitigate noise by compensating for the clearance inside the bearing supporting the rotation of the ball nut and the clearance between the ball nut and the ball screw and prevent excessive friction between the ball nut and the ball screw and inside the bearing to thereby allow the driver a better steering feel.

Abstract: In a method of programming a phase change memory device, write data is programmed in a plurality of phase change memory cells by applying write pulses to each of the plurality of phase change memory cells. Whether each of the phase change memory cells is programmed is verified by applying verification pulses to each of the phase-change memory cells. A number of applications for the verification pulses and the intervals between respective applications of the verification pulses are varied in accordance with a verification result for each of the phase-change memory cells.

Abstract: A method of programming a phase change memory device is disclosed. Write data is programmed in a plurality of phase change memory cells by applying write pulses to each of the plurality of phase change memory cells. Whether each of the phase change memory cells is programmed is verified by applying at least one verification pulse to each of the phase-change memory cells. A number of applications for the at least one verification pulse and the intervals between respective applications of the at least one verification pulse are varied in accordance with a verification result for each of the phase-change memory cells.

Abstract: A method of processing data in a resistive memory device comprises performing a write operation to store data into a resistive memory of the resistive memory device and to store program information of the data into a cache memory. The method further comprises performing a first read operation to read the program information from the cache memory during a program-to-active time, and a second read operation to read the data from the resistive memory after the program-to-active time if the program information is not read from the cache memory during the program-to-active time.