Abstract: A memory controller comprising a DMA master device configured to provide a first data group to a non-volatile memory (NVM) device, a program buffer memory configured to temporarily store the first data group before the DMA master device provides the first data group to the NVM device, an exclusive OR computing circuit configured to perform an exclusive OR computation and an accumulation on a plurality of data included in the first data group provided from the program buffer memory to generate a first recovery data, after the DMA master device provides the first data group to the NVM device, and a buffer slave device including a first program recovery buffer memory configured to store the first recovery data and provide the first recovery data from the first program recovery buffer memory to the program buffer memory, in response to a program failure signal, may be provided.

Abstract: A swing analysis apparatus includes a body installed on a shaft, a sensor unit installed in the body, a display device positioned on the body and configured to display swing information in a swing zone and an impact zone by supplying power thereto, and a controller configured to receive measured swing information from the sensor unit, and configured to operate the display unit to notify the outside of that the swing zone is achieved when the measured swing information is equal to or greater than a setting value and to notify the outside of that the impact zone is achieved, wherein the controller analyzes swing information depending on the swing zone and the impact zone and controls the display device to perform respective different display methods when the swing zone and the impact zone are different.

Abstract: A swing analysis apparatus includes a body installed on a shaft, a sensor unit installed in the body, a display device positioned on the body and configured to display swing information in a swing zone and an impact zone by supplying power thereto, and a controller configured to receive measured swing information from the sensor unit, and configured to operate the display unit to notify the outside of that the swing zone is achieved when the measured swing information is equal to or greater than a setting value and to notify the outside of that the impact zone is achieved, wherein the controller analyzes swing information depending on the swing zone and the impact zone and controls the display device to perform respective different display methods when the swing zone and the impact zone are different.

Abstract: A method of disinfection of a surface of a subject of harmful microorganisms including pathogenic bacteria and viruses upon visible light irradiation using a genetically hybridized fluorescent silk is provided. The method includes placing a predetermined quantity of the genetically hybridized fluorescent silk i) directly on to a skin surface of a subject; or ii) on a medium and then placing the medium on the skin surface of the subject. The method further includes applying light in the visible spectrum for a predetermined amount of time to the placed quantity of genetically hybridized fluorescent silk.

Abstract: The present invention couples a housing including a gas separation membrane to a sensor unit capable of detecting the concentration of hydrogen gas such that liquid cannot permeate a closed space within the housing and only hydrogen gas dissolved in the liquid can permeate the closed space through the gas separation membrane, and detachably couples such a hydrogen sensor element to an opening of a container in which the liquid is held. Accordingly, the present invention can measure the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a simple manner.

Abstract: An image encoding method and an image decoding method, and an image encoder and an image decoder, are provided. The image encoding method includes detecting a static region and a motion region of an image, calculating an encoding error in the image, calculating a film grain noise (FGN) error in the motion region, and encoding the image to reduce an encoding error in the image other than the FGN error.

Abstract: The present invention couples a housing including a gas separation membrane to a sensor unit capable of detecting the concentration of hydrogen gas such that liquid cannot permeate a closed space within the housing and only hydrogen gas dissolved in the liquid can permeate the closed space through the gas separation membrane, and detachably couples such a hydrogen sensor element to an opening of a container in which the liquid is held. Accordingly, the present invention can measure the concentration of dissolved hydrogen gas in a simple manner.

Abstract: An image encoding method and an image decoding method, and an image encoder and an image decoder, are provided. The image encoding method includes detecting a static region and a motion region of an image, calculating an encoding error in the image, calculating a film grain noise (FGN) error in the motion region, and encoding the image to reduce an encoding error in the image other than the FGN error.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a droplet discharge apparatus that includes a nozzle for discharging a droplet from a tip thereof, and a discharge unit for injecting a gas toward the tip of the nozzle.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method manage a neighbor base station list (NBL) in a distributed wireless ad-hoc network. Information of neighbor BSs is collected at the BS using a surrounding environment detection function. Neighbor BSs that satisfy a certain condition are determined, among the neighbor BSs from which the information is collected. And the NBL is generated based on the determined neighbor BSs.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method manage a neighbor base station list (NBL) in a distributed wireless ad-hoc network. Information of neighbor BSs is collected at the BS using a surrounding environment detection function. Neighbor BSs that satisfy a certain condition are determined, among the neighbor BSs from which the information is collected. And the NBL is generated based on the determined neighbor BSs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a droplet discharge apparatus that includes a nozzle for discharging a droplet from a tip thereof, and a discharge unit for injecting a gas toward the tip of the nozzle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method for measuring radiation temperature through filtration of optical error sources, which can measure surface temperatures of a heating substance within a heating furnace. The system comprises a front lens to collect infrared rays from a measuring target and from surroundings, a pin hole plate having a pin hole formed therein to allow only the infrared rays emitting from the measuring target area to pass therethrough, a rear lens to convert the infrared rays having passed through the pin hole into horizontal infrared rays, a condenser lens to collect the infrared rays having passed through the rear lens, and a radiation pyrometer to measure a temperature of the infrared rays having passed through the filtering unit. The system possible can ensure accuracy and reliability in temperature measurement, and can provide highly precise combustion control, operation stability, and improvement in quality of products.

Abstract: A personal rapid transit (PRT) system having a linear induction motor installed on the bottom of a vehicle is provided. Since a linear induction motor is installed on the bottom of a vehicle, the structure of the personal rapid transit (PRT) system is simplified and the stable driving thereof is possible. Further, since an auxiliary ramification wheel is provided, an accident by the vehicle seceding from a track occurring during ramification can be prevented in advance. That is, since only a single linear induction motor is installed horizontally on the bottom of the vehicle and thus the vehicle is driven, the structure of the personal rapid transit (PRT) system is more simplified and becomes lighter, and a production cost can be reduced, in comparison with an existing system using a pair of linear induction motors. In addition, even if a ramification device is failed during ramification, a track secession can be suppressed with an auxiliary ramification wheel provided, to thereby guide a stable running.