Abstract: The present disclosure relates to tagged nucleoside-5?-oligophosphates having a positively charged polymer tag structure and components thereof. Such nucleoside-5?-oligophosphates are useful, for example, in nanopore-based sequencing-by-synthesis applications. Also disclosed herein are nanopore constructs engineered to have additional negatively-charged moieties in the channel of the nanopore. Such nanopores can be useful, for example, for providing a repellant force against template and/or primer nucleic acids inserting into the pore during a nucleic sequence-by-synthesis process. The tagged nucleoside-5?-oligophosphates and nanopores disclosed herein can be used together to provide nanopore-based nucleic acid sequencing-by-synthesis systems and processes having reduced background tag levels and improved throughput.

Abstract: A semiconductor package includes a substrate having opposite first and second surfaces; (1-1)-th substrate pads and (1-2)-th substrate pads on the first surface of the substrate; first connecting terminals on the (1-1)-th substrate pads and the (1-2)-th substrate pads; (2-1)-th substrate pads and (2-2)-th substrate pads on the second surface of the substrate; an interposer on the second surface of the substrate; second connecting terminals between the (2-1)-th substrate pads, the (2-2)-th substrate pads, and the interposer; and a first semiconductor chip on the interposer. The (1-2)-th substrate pads have a smaller maximum width than the (1-1)-th substrate pads. The (2-2)-th substrate pads have a smaller maximum width than the (2-1)-th substrate pads. The (1-1)-th substrate pads and the (2-1)-th substrate pads transmit first signals, ground signals, or power signals. The (1-2)-th substrate pads and the (2-2)-th substrate pads transmit second signals that are faster than the first signals.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices, systems, and methods for monitoring single-molecule biological processes using magnetic sensors and magnetic particles (MNP). A MNP is attached to a biopolymer (e.g., a nucleic acid, protein, etc.), and motion of the MNP is detected and/or monitored using a magnetic sensor. Because the MNP is small (e.g., its size is comparable to the size of the molecule being monitored) and is tethered to a biopolymer, changes in the volume of Brownian motion of the MNP in a solution can be monitored to monitor the movement of the MNP and, by inference, the tethered biopolymer. The magnetic sensor is small (e.g., nanoscale or having a size on the order of the sizes of the MNP and the biopolymer) and can be used to detect even small changes in the position of the MNP within the sensing region of the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A haptic generator device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include a stator, a rotor, a magnet, and a coil. The stator can include a stopper. The rotor can rotate in relation to the stator and can have a protrusion. The magnet can be provided on one of the rotor and the stator, where multiple magnets can be provided. The coil can be provided on the other of the rotor and the stator and can interact with the magnet to generate a rotational force. The rotor can perform an oscillating rotational movement within a 360-degree range. While the rotor is rotating in a first direction, a rotational movement of the rotor can be forcibly halted or can be rotated in a second direction opposite to the first direction to generate a rotational inertia vibration before the protrusion of the rotor collides with the stopper of the stator.

Abstract: A haptic generator in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a driving signal generator and a haptic device. The driving signal generator may be configured to receive a sound signal and generate a driving signal including an impact driving signal and an inertia driving signal. The haptic device may be configured to generate impact vibrations pursuant to the impact driving signal and generate rotational inertia vibrations pursuant to the inertia driving signal, the rotational inertia vibrations being different from the impact vibrations. The impact driving signal and the inertia driving signal may be generated based on different properties of the sound signal.

Abstract: A haptic generator device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can include a stator, a rotor, a magnet, and a coil. The stator can include a stopper. The rotor can rotate in relation to the stator and can have a protrusion. The magnet can be provided on one of the rotor and the stator, where multiple magnets can be provided. The coil can be provided on the other of the rotor and the stator and can interact with the magnet to generate a rotational force. The rotor can perform an oscillating rotational movement within a 360-degree range. While the rotor is rotating in a first direction, a rotational movement of the rotor can be forcibly halted or can be rotated in a second direction opposite to the first direction to generate a rotational inertia vibration before the protrusion of the rotor collides with the stopper of the stator.

Abstract: A haptic generator in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a driving signal generator and a haptic device. The driving signal generator may be configured to receive a sound signal and generate a driving signal including an impact driving signal and an inertia driving signal. The haptic device may be configured to generate impact vibrations pursuant to the impact driving signal and generate rotational inertia vibrations pursuant to the inertia driving signal, the rotational inertia vibrations being different from the impact vibrations. The impact driving signal and the inertia driving signal may be generated based on different properties of the sound signal.

Abstract: Described herein are nanopore protein conjugates that can be used in DNA sequencing reactions. The nanopore protein conjugates includes a nanopore protein monomer that is joined to a DNA binding domain. The nanopore protein monomer is available to oligomerize with other nanopore protein monomers, while the DNA binding domain is available to bind to a template DNA strand. In certain examples, the nanopore protein monomer is an alpha-hemolysin monomer or variant thereof and the DNA binding domain is an Sso7d protein or variant thereof, such as an Sso7d-like protein. Also provided are nanopore protein assemblies incorporating the nanopore protein conjugates, along with methods of using the nanopore protein assemblies in sequencing reactions.

Abstract: Described herein are nanopore protein conjugates that can be used in DNA sequencing reactions. The nanopore protein conjugates includes a nanopore protein monomer that is joined to a DNA binding domain. The nanopore protein monomer is available to oligomerize with other nanopore protein monomers, while the DNA binding domain is available to bind to a template DNA strand. In certain examples, the nanopore protein monomer is an alpha-hemolysin monomer or variant thereof and the DNA binding domain is an Sso7d protein or variant thereof, such as an Sso7d-like protein. Also provided are nanopore protein assemblies incorporating the nanopore protein conjugates, along with methods of using the nanopore protein assemblies in sequencing reactions.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an engine unit to perform an image forming job; an engine control unit to control the operation of the engine unit; a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor to drive the engine unit; a sensor unit to sense electric angle information and driving velocity information of the BLDC motor; a communication interface to receive a digital control command with respect to the BLDC motor from the engine control unit; a driving signal unit to generate a driving signal to control the BLDC motor; and a digital control unit to control the operation of the driving signal unit in a digital phase locked loop (PLL) manner for feedback controls the BLDC motor, based on the received digital control command, the detected electric angle information and the driving velocity information and a digital gain value as a control factor with respect to the BLDC motor.

Abstract: A printed circuit board (PCB) includes an insulating substrate, a plurality of copper foil pattern layers and a plurality of insulating adhesive sheets sequentially stacked on an upper side of the insulating substrate and a lower side of the insulating substrate, an inductor included in the copper foil pattern layer disposed on the upper side of the insulating substrate, a grounding element included in the copper foil pattern layer disposed on the lower side of the insulating substrate, and a single through hole penetrating the insulating substrate and the insulating adhesive sheets. The single through hole is disposed between the inductor and the grounding element.

Abstract: An impactive vibration generating apparatus includes a rotary unit having a shaft and a coil arranged around the shaft; a fixing unit surrounding the rotary unit and having a magnet therein; a commutator arranged along the circumference of the shaft connected to the coil; a pair of brushes to slidably contacting the commutator; a protrusion attached to one part of the rotary unit; and a stopper contacting the protrusion when the rotary unit rotates so as to interrupt the rotation of the rotary unit. According to the impactive vibration generating apparatus, a sharp and strong single impactive vibration or only a few impactive vibrations can be generated. Further, a strong vibration can be caused by continuous impactive vibrations, and the frequency or cycle of the generation of the impactive vibrations can be adjusted.

Abstract: Semiconductor packages, module substrates and semiconductor package modules having the same are provided. The semiconductor package module includes a module substrate provided with a plurality of signal wires on an upper surface thereof, a package substrate disposed on the module substrate, a semiconductor chip disposed on one surface of the package substrate, and a plurality of external connection terminals disposed on another surface of the package substrate.

Abstract: A stacked package structure is provided. The stacked package structure includes a stacked package including a lower semiconductor package, an upper semiconductor package disposed on the lower semiconductor package and spaced a predetermined distance apart from the lower semiconductor package, an inter-package connecting portion electrically connecting the lower semiconductor package and the upper semiconductor package while supporting a space therebetween, and an insulation layer disposed at least outside the inter-package connecting portion and filling the space between the lower semiconductor package and the upper semiconductor package, and an electromagnetic shielding layer surrounding lateral and top surfaces of the stacked package.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and a vaccine composition using the same, and a method for preventing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with accession number KCTC 12096BP according to the present invention is Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus distinguished from European strains and North American strains, and a vaccine composition specific to Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is produced, thereby preventing a Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus or specifically diagnosing the infection with Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Abstract: Semiconductor packages, module substrates and semiconductor package modules having the same are provided. The semiconductor package module includes a module substrate provided with a plurality of signal wires on an upper surface thereof, a package substrate disposed on the module substrate, a semiconductor chip disposed on one surface of the package substrate, and a plurality of external connection terminals disposed on another surface of the package substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and a vaccine composition using the same, and a method for preventing porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with accession number KCTC 12096BP according to the present invention is Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus distinguished from European strains and North American strains, and a vaccine composition specific to Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is produced, thereby preventing a Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus or specifically diagnosing the infection with Korean-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.

Abstract: A semiconductor package stack may include a lower semiconductor package and an upper semiconductor package stacked on a lower package board. The upper semiconductor package may include an upper semiconductor chip mounted on an upper package board with an opening configured to expose a lower surface of the upper semiconductor chip and a first heat slug disposed within the opening, contacting the lower surface of the upper semiconductor chip, and contacting an upper surface of a lower semiconductor chip.

Abstract: An impactive vibration generating apparatus of the present invention comprises: a rotary unit having a shaft, and a coil arranged around the shaft so as to rotate together with the shaft; a fixing unit which surrounds the rotary unit, and inside which a magnet is installed; a commutator which is arranged along the circumference of the shaft and coaxially to the shaft, and which is connected to the coil; at least one pair of brushes to slidably contacting the commutator; a protrusion attached to one part of the rotary unit so as to rotate together with the rotary unit; and a stopper contacting the protrusion when the rotary unit rotates so as to interrupt the rotation of the rotary unit. Further, the application apparatus of the present invention comprises: input/output unit; a control unit for controlling the state of the input/output unit of the apparatus, the impactive vibration generating apparatus operating in accordance with the signal from the control unit.

Abstract: A package stack structure may an upper package include an upper package substrate having a first edge and a second edge opposite to the first edge. The upper package substrate has a first region arranged near the first edge and a second region arranged near the second edge. A first upper semiconductor device is mounted on the upper package substrate. The package stack structure may also include a lower package having a lower package substrate and a lower semiconductor device. The lower package is connected to the upper package through a plurality of inter-package connectors. The plurality of the inter-package connectors may include first inter-package connectors configured to transmit data signals; second inter-package connectors configured to transmit address/control signals; third inter-package connectors configured to provide a supply voltage for an address/control circuit; and fourth inter-package connectors configured to provide a supply voltage for a data circuit.