Abstract: A polarizing plate for an optical display apparatus includes: a polarizer; and a retardation layer laminated on one surface of the polarizer, wherein the retardation layer includes a retardation film satisfying nx>nz>ny at a wavelength of 550 nm (Here, nx, ny, and nz refer to a refractive index of the retardation film in a slow axis direction, a refractive index of the retardation film in a fast axis direction, and a refractive index of the retardation film in a thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm.), an orientation direction of a main chain of a resin contained in the retardation film is about ?5° to about +5° relative to a light absorption axis of the polarizer, and the retardation film has a degree of biaxiality of about 0.3 to about 0.7 at a wavelength of 550 nm.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a welding wire accommodation-container cover comprising: a blocking part which has a shape corresponding to a transverse cross section of a container body part, and which covers the opening of the container body part; side-forming parts which are connected to the blocking part, and which are bent from the blocking part so as to be fitted to encompass the outer side surface of the upper portion of the container body part; side-fixing parts which are alternately provided with the side-forming parts along the side of the blocking part, and which fix neighboring side-forming parts; and a cut part which is formed at the blocking part, and which can be cut so that a welding wire wound around the container body part can be withdrawn to the outside.

Abstract: The voltage monitoring circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a clamping unit for clamping the voltage of input power supplied from a power source to base voltage, and outputting to an MCU; and a switch unit for cutting off the input power from the power source if an anomaly occurs with the base voltage of the clamping unit.

Abstract: An embodiment heat pump system for a vehicle includes an air conditioner unit and a chiller. The air conditioner unit includes a compressor, first through third heat-exchangers, a first expansion valve, and an evaporator interconnected by a refrigerant line for circulating a refrigerant through the refrigerant line, and the chiller is connected to the refrigerant line through a first connection line for adjusting a temperature of a coolant by heat-exchanging the refrigerant with the coolant. The air conditioner unit further includes a second expansion valve on the first connection line upstream of the chiller, a first valve on the refrigerant line between the first and second heat-exchangers, a third expansion valve on the refrigerant line between the first valve and the second heat-exchanger, a second valve on the refrigerant line between the evaporator and the compressor, and a fourth expansion valve on a second connection line.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an armrest tilting device provided on a seat and capable of tilting and adjusting an armrest capable of supporting a user's arm. The armrest tilting device includes: a shaft which is installed on a seat and has one end installed on an armrest in such a way as to be relatively rotated; a housing which is fastened to the armrest and supports the shaft in the state where the shaft is installed on the armrest; a bracket which is fastened and fixed to the shaft; a ratchet which is rotatably fastened to a hinge member fastened to the bracket; a sector gear portion which is fastened to and rotates together with the armrest and is engaged with the ratchet; a guide plate which is provided on the sector gear portion and where the ratchet moves in one area while being separated from the sector gear portion; and an elastic member which applies an elastic force such that ratchet gear teeth formed on the ratchet are meshed with sector gear teeth formed on the sector gear portion.

Abstract: A thermal management system and, more specifically, to a refrigerant system comprising: a compressor, a first heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a second heat exchanger, and an accumulator which are connected in sequence to form a closed loop; and a connection block which connects a heat exchange medium outlet of the expansion valve to a heat exchange medium inlet of the second heat exchanger, and connects a heat exchange medium outlet of the second heat exchanger to a heat exchange medium inlet of the accumulator.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pedal simulator of a vehicle, the pedal simulator including a housing, a piston slidably disposed in the housing, an elastic part configured to elastically support the piston within the housing, and a damper provided in the piston and compressed onto the housing by a contact.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cooling/heating vapor injection system comprising: a compressor that compresses and circulates a refrigerant; a first branch part into which the compressed refrigerant is introduced to be branched; a first refrigerant line which is branched from the first branch part to allow the refrigerant to move therein, and has a condenser and a first expansion valve disposed therein; a second refrigerant line which is branched from the first branch part to allow the refrigerant to move therein, and has an indoor unit and a second expansion valve disposed therein; a gas-liquid separator into which the refrigerant passing through the 10 first refrigerant line or the second refrigerant line flows; and a second branch part into which the refrigerant passing through the gas-liquid separator flows, wherein the gas-liquid separator moves a liquid-phase refrigerant to the second branch part, and moves a gas-phase refrigerant to the compressor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an armrest tilting device provided on a seat and capable of tilting and adjusting an armrest capable of supporting a user’s arm. The armrest tilting device includes: a shaft which is installed on a seat and has one end installed on an armrest in such a way as to be relatively rotated; a housing which is fastened to the armrest and supports the shaft in the state where the shaft is installed on the armrest; a bracket which is fastened and fixed to the shaft; a ratchet which is rotatably fastened to a hinge member fastened to the bracket; a sector gear portion which is fastened to and rotates together with the armrest and is engaged with the ratchet; a guide plate which is provided on the sector gear portion and where the ratchet moves in one area while being separated from the sector gear portion; and an elastic member which applies an elastic force such that ratchet gear teeth formed on the ratchet are meshed with sector gear teeth formed on the sector gear portion.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a welding wire accommodation-container cover comprising: a blocking part which has a shape corresponding to a transverse cross section of a container body part, and which covers the opening of the container body part; side-forming parts which are connected to the blocking part, and which are bent from the blocking part so as to be fitted to encompass the outer side surface of the upper portion of the container body part; side-fixing parts which are alternately provided with the side-forming parts along the side of the blocking part, and which fix neighboring side-forming parts; and a cut part which is formed at the blocking part, and which can be cut so that a welding wire wound around the container body part can be withdrawn to the outside.

Abstract: A heat management system includes a reservoir tank which stores a coolant and can replenish, with the coolant, a coolant line connected to the reservoir tank; a flow path transition valve which is connected to the downstream side, according to the flow direction of the coolant, of the reservoir tank and can control the flow direction of the coolant; and a coolant circulation pump which is connected to the downstream side, according to the flow direction of the coolant, of the flow path transition valve and pumps the coolant along the coolant line, wherein, through the layout structure of the reservoir tank, flow path transition valve, and coolant circulation pump, the distance between parts constituting a coolant system of a vehicle is minimized, and the overall flow of the coolant is formed in the direction of gravity, and, thereby, a pressure drop of the coolant can be reduced.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage container for welding wire, the storage container comprising: an outer shell which has an outer bottom support portion formed at the bottom thereof and within which a wire storage portion for storing coiled welding wire is formed; a bottom part which is seated on and coupled to the outer bottom support portion; an inner shell which comes into close contact with the inner surface of the outer shell and has an inner bottom support portion formed at the bottom thereof and seated on the bottom part; and a cover which is formed to correspond to the shape of the outer shell and closes the top of the outer shell.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a retainer ring for welding wire, the retainer ring comprising: a pressure plate which is disposed on a welding wire stack wound and stored in a receiving container so as to press the welding wire stack, and has an opening formed at the center thereof; and a plurality of guide wings which are provided at the outer circumference of the pressure plate to come into contact with the inner wall of the receiving container and each comprise a flexible body that can be changed in shape.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vapor injection module and a heat pump system using the same, the vapor injection module including an expansion valve configured to allow a condensed refrigerant to pass therethrough or expand a condensed refrigerant in accordance with an air conditioning mode, and a gas-liquid separator configured to receive the refrigerant from the expansion valve and separate the refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant, in which the expansion valve has a plurality of expansion regions and performs operations of allowing the refrigerant to pass therethrough, performing first-stage expansion on the refrigerant, or performing second-stage expansion on the refrigerant in accordance with arrangement positions of the expansion regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vapor injection module including a first expansion means configured to block a flow of a condensed refrigerant or expand the condensed refrigerant and transmit the refrigerant to a gas-liquid separator in accordance with an air conditioning mode, the gas-liquid separator configured to receive the refrigerant from the first expansion means and separate the refrigerant into a gaseous refrigerant and a liquid refrigerant, and a second expansion means configured to allow the condensed refrigerant to pass therethrough, expand the condensed refrigerant, or expand the liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator in accordance with the air conditioning mode.

Abstract: A heat management system of the present invention comprises: a coolant heater for heating coolant; a first coolant pump which is connected to a coolant inlet or a coolant outlet of the coolant heater to pump the coolant and is coupled to the coolant heater; and a second coolant pump which is connected to a battery side to pump the coolant and is coupled to the coolant heater, wherein the coolant heater, the first coolant pump, and the second coolant pump are arranged in an engine room of a vehicle. Thus, a loss of coolant pressure can be reduced in a pipe which connects components constituting a coolant system of the vehicle, such that the performance of the system is improved and noise and vibration in the interior of the vehicle may be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hybrid system for water treatment, desalination, and chemical production. The hybrid system of the present invention includes a photoanode, an anode chamber, an anion exchange membrane, a middle chamber, a cation exchange membrane, a cathode chamber, and a cathode. In the middle chamber, saltwater or seawater is desalinated by photoelectrochemical electrodialysis. Chloride ions are generated during the desalination, transferred to the anode chamber, and activated by the photoanode. In the anode chamber, wastewater is treated by the activated chloride ions. In the cathode chamber, at least one chemical species selected from the group consisting of water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide is reduced by electrons supplied from the photoanode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vapor injection module including a first expansion means having an inlet port into which a refrigerant is introduced, and first line and second line connected to the inlet port so that the introduced refrigerant flows therethrough, the first expansion means being disposed at a connection portion between the first line and the second line and configured to control a flow direction of the refrigerant and whether to expand the refrigerant depending on an air conditioning mode, a gas-liquid separator connected to the first line and configured to separate the introduced refrigerant into a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant, a second expansion means connected to a movement passage through which the liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator flows, the second expansion means being configured to expand the introduced refrigerant, and a first outlet port connected to the second line and the second expansion means.

Abstract: An electronic device comprising a nonvolatile memory, a memory controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory, and a host connected to the memory controller. In response to a first write signal received from the host, the memory controller is configured to provide the first write signal to the nonvolatile memory, the nonvolatile memory is configured to perform a write operation based on the provided first write signal, generate first metadata based on a result of performing the write operation, and provide the generated first metadata to the host. The host is configured to determine whether to perform garbage collection for the nonvolatile memory using a neural network model trained based on the provided first metadata or the first write signal, provide a garbage collection request signal to the memory controller in response to determining to perform garbage collection.

Abstract: The voltage monitoring circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a clamping unit for clamping the voltage of input power supplied from a power source to base voltage, and outputting to an MCU; and a switch unit for cutting off the input power from the power source if an anomaly occurs with the base voltage of the clamping unit.