Abstract: A defect detection method and apparatus detecting a defect in an object. The method comprises: obtaining ultrasound scan data derived from an ultrasound scan of the object under consideration, the ultrasound scan data being in the form of a set of echo amplitude values representing the amplitude of echoes received from the object during ultrasound scanning at certain spatial and temporal points; processing the ultrasound scan data to remove echo amplitude values received after a predetermined threshold time; generating at least one image from the processed ultrasound scan data; subjecting each generated image to an automated defect recognition process to determine whether there is a defect in the portion of the object represented by the image; issuing a notification indicating whether or not a defect has been found; and, if a defect has been found, storing the result of the automated defect recognition process in a defect database.

Abstract: An image processing method to sample the image to generate patches. Feature vectors are extracted from the patches, and the extracted feature vectors are partitioned into clusters, where feature vectors in the same cluster share a common characteristic. A portion of interest in the image is segmented. An aggregate bounding region creation process is carried out by finding the largest segment and creating a bounding box around it; determining which cluster contains the most patches within the bounding box of the segment; and adding the patches of the determined cluster to an aggregate bounding region for the portion of interest. The aggregate bounding region creation process is repeated for each other segment in order of size. The resulting aggregate bounding region contains all the patches associated with the portion of interest. The patches which fall outside the resulting aggregate bounding region are then removed from the image.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of inputting data into an Ising machine. The apparatus may comprise at least one processor to carry out a conversion process to convert an input expression, in a format unsuitable for inputting into an Ising machine, to a suitable format, including creating a dataset of input-output data pairs on the basis of the input expression, deriving a mathematical expression by fitting a first dataset subset to coefficients of an exemplary mathematical expression in the suitable format, and using a second dataset subset, different from the first, to assess whether the derived expression meets a preset quality metric. The derived expression is input to the Ising machine when it is assessed as meeting the metric. The conversion process may be repeated using a different input expression when the derived expression is assessed as failing to meet the metric.

Abstract: A method of translating a Computer Aided Design CAD model of a product constructed for Computer Aided Engineering CAE analysis into a flexible form, the method comprising: converting the original CAD model into a different format to provide a new-format CAD model; providing visualization data including: an assembly tree extracted from the original CAD model, the assembly tree including each component of the assembly forming the product; and visualization information from the original CAD model for each assembly face in the assembly tree; and providing geometry information including matching information unambiguously identifying each assembly face; wherein the geometry information allows the assembly faces to be matched with the CAD faces in the new-format CAD model.

Abstract: A defect detection method and apparatus detecting a defect in an object. The method comprises: obtaining ultrasound scan data derived from an ultrasound scan of the object under consideration, the ultrasound scan data being in the form of a set of echo amplitude values representing the amplitude of echoes received from the object during ultrasound scanning at certain spatial and temporal points; processing the ultrasound scan data to remove echo amplitude values received after a predetermined threshold time; generating at least one image from the processed ultrasound scan data; subjecting each generated image to an automated defect recognition process to determine whether there is a defect in the portion of the object represented by the image; issuing a notification indicating whether or not a defect has been found; and, if a defect has been found, storing the result of the automated defect recognition process in a defect database.

Abstract: An image processing method to sample the image to generate patches. Feature vectors are extracted from the patches, and the extracted feature vectors are partitioned into clusters, where feature vectors in the same cluster share a common characteristic. A portion of interest in the image is segmented. An aggregate bounding region creation process is carried out by finding the largest segment and creating a bounding box around it; determining which cluster contains the most patches within the bounding box of the segment; and adding the patches of the determined cluster to an aggregate bounding region for the portion of interest. The aggregate bounding region creation process is repeated for each other segment in order of size. The resulting aggregate bounding region contains all the patches associated with the portion of interest. The patches which fall outside the resulting aggregate bounding region are then removed from the image.

Abstract: A search method performed by a computer, includes, calculating a high-dimensional feature vector and a low-dimensional feature vector, the number of dimensions of the low-dimensional feature vector which is smaller than the number of dimensions of the high-dimensional feature vector, from images of an object captured from different visual line directions, specifying a search range of a similar image of a target object by using the low-dimensional feature vector, and searching for the similar image of the target object that satisfies a predetermined selection criterion in the specified search range by using the high-dimensional feature vector.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for searching a database of 3D items using descriptors created for each item and for the 3D computer-generated model or the 3D physical object. The descriptor comprises a vector string comprising each of the feature vectors extracted from the images, and dimension-related features each representing a dimensional feature. The descriptor is created by obtaining 2D rendered images of the model by rotating the model about each different axis independently, and extracting a feature vector representing features. The model is rotated about the axes in angular steps which may be the same for each axis. The axes may comprise three mutually-perpendicular axes, where each angular step is in the range from 30° to 45°.

Abstract: A component estimation method that is executed by a computer, includes, generating a first learning model based on image data of a component and transaction data of the component as a first set of teacher data, extracting a first feature vector of the component based on the first learning model, generating a second learning model based on specification of the component and transaction data of the component as a second set of teacher data, extracting a second feature vector of an estimation target component based on the first learning model and image data of the estimation target component, and estimating transaction data of the estimation target component based on the second learning model, the second feature vector of the estimation target component and a specification of the estimation target.

Abstract: A controller to instruct execution in an environment of plural computing resources. The controller comprising: an information collecting unit to collect available resource information of computing resources available to execute an application indicating an amount and/or type of computing resource available in categories of computing resource; scalability information including an indication of application execution rate; and performance target information including an indication of performance targets. The controller further comprises: a configuration selection unit to select a configuration which will come closest to meeting, the performance targets; and an instructing unit to instruct the execution of the application using the selected configuration.

Abstract: A method of Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation for a product including a plurality of individual components, the method comprising creating a library of known components, including their component geometry and modeling properties needed for simulation, the components being individually meshed within the library; using a graphical user interface GUI to select and place a plurality of components from the library in a desired configuration to make up a CFD model of a product; and CFD simulating the model by scheduling a plurality of solvers, each solver modeling a component group comprising part or all of at least one component, to manage the time of action of the solvers and data exchange between the solvers.

Abstract: In a meshing method for use in a computer-aided design (CAD) or computer-aided engineering (CAE) system, in which one or more serial meshing units are used to carry out a decoupled parallel meshing process in respect of all parts of a CAD assembly model, input parameters for the meshing process automatically, for each part to be processed, are set using live runtime information about the meshing process for the part concerned, such as information about the outcome of previous attempts to carry out the meshing process of the part.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for searching a database of 3D items using descriptors created for each item and for the 3D computer-generated model or the 3D physical object. The descriptor comprises a vector string comprising each of the feature vectors extracted from the images, and dimension-related features each representing a dimensional feature. The descriptor is created by obtaining 2D rendered images of the model by rotating the model about each different axis independently, and extracting a feature vector representing features. The model is rotated about the axes in angular steps which may be the same for each axis. The axes may comprise three mutually-perpendicular axes, where each angular step is in the range from 30° to 45°.

Abstract: A process migration method comprising executing a computer program on current computing resources, in a current partition of computations to parallel processes, each parallel process carrying out at least one computation; communicating current partition data to intermediate computing resources; using the intermediate computing resources to calculate new partition data including a new allocation of computations to processes for use on changed computing resources; and migrating the process execution to the changed computing resources by communicating the new partition data to the changed computing resources.

Abstract: A method and system of thermal computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis on a structure. A thermal CFD model of the structure is created using 3D-CAD software in which a volume of the structure, encompassing a third part, a portion of a first part which is adjacent to and includes a boundary between the first and third parts, and a portion of the second part which is adjacent to and includes a boundary between the second and third parts, is replaced by a notional fourth part. Thermal-CFD analysis of the thermal CFD model is performed using thermal conductivity of a fourth part that is calculated, based on known thickness of the fourth part, known thickness, the derived shape and known value of the thermal conductivity of the third part, and known values of the thermal conductivity of portions of the first and second parts.

Abstract: A method, for use in meshing a CAD domain in a computer-aided design (CAD) or computer-aided engineering (CAE) system, comprises carrying out a procedure comprising: obtaining a set of mesh elements by extracting, from a previously-generated mesh of the CAD domain which has undergone a mesh element optimization process in respect of interior elements of the previously-generated mesh, mesh elements which do not satisfy a preselected mesh quality metric; decomposing the set of mesh elements into connected sub-meshes; carrying out a serial mesh element optimization process in respect of each sub-mesh independently and in parallel, under the condition that boundary nodes of sub-meshes are not moved, to obtain optimized sub-meshes; and obtaining an optimized mesh of the CAD domain by integrating the optimized sub-meshes into the previously-generated mesh.

Abstract: A method of allowing inclusion of a structural component which is the confidential property of an owner in a third party remote product simulation, the method comprising, in owner modelling software: importing a component model including geometry of the component, mesh data and at least one material property of the component; encrypting a secure part of the component model which is to remain confidential to the owner using a software key, and leaving an interface part of the component model unencrypted; adding a restriction to the component model before the component model is exported, the restriction specifying simulation result data which is not to be visible to the third party; and exporting the partially encrypted component model to the third party for use in third party modelling software.

Abstract: A method of translating a Computer Aided Design CAD model of a product constructed for Computer Aided Engineering CAE analysis into a flexible form, the method comprising: converting the original CAD model into a different format to provide a new-format CAD model; providing visualization data including: an assembly tree extracted from the original CAD model, the assembly tree including each component of the assembly forming the product; and visualization information from the original CAD model for each assembly face in the assembly tree; and providing geometry information including matching information unambiguously identifying each assembly face; wherein the geometry information allows the assembly faces to be matched with the CAD faces in the new-format CAD model.

Abstract: A controller to instruct execution in an environment of plural computing resources. The controller comprising: an information collecting unit to collect available resource information of computing resources available to execute an application indicating an amount and/or type of computing resource available in categories of computing resource; scalability information including an indication of application execution rate; and performance target information including an indication of performance targets. The controller further comprises: a configuration selection unit to select a configuration which will come closest to meeting, the performance targets; and an instructing unit to instruct the execution of the application using the selected configuration.

Abstract: A method, for use in meshing a CAD domain in a computer-aided design (CAD) or computer-aided engineering (CAE) system, comprises carrying out a procedure comprising: obtaining a set of mesh elements by extracting, from a previously-generated mesh of the CAD domain which has undergone a mesh element optimization process in respect of interior elements of the previously-generated mesh, mesh elements which do not satisfy a preselected mesh quality metric; decomposing the set of mesh elements into connected sub-meshes; carrying out a serial mesh element optimization process in respect of each sub-mesh independently and in parallel, under the condition that boundary nodes of sub-meshes are not moved, to obtain optimized sub-meshes; and obtaining an optimized mesh of the CAD domain by integrating the optimized sub-meshes into the previously-generated mesh.