Abstract: An evaporator circuit for a second refrigerant used in conjunction with a refrigeration circuit of the type operating a refrigeration cycle. The evaporator circuit has a heat exchange stage having a heat exchanger in a refrigerant accumulator in which the second refrigerant is in heat-exchange relation with the first refrigerant circulating in the heat exchanger in the evaporation stage of the refrigeration circuit. The heat exchanger is positioned in the refrigerant accumulator so as to be immersed in the second refrigerant such that the second refrigerant releases heat to the first refrigerant circulating in the heat exchanger. An evaporator stage has an evaporator in which the second refrigerant absorbs heat from a fluid passing through the evaporator, so as to cool the fluid, whereby the second refrigerant circulates between the heat exchange stage and the evaporator stage.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system having a main refrigeration system and comprising a first line extending from a compressing stage to an evaporator stage and adapted to receive refrigerant in high-pressure gas state from the compressing stage. A first pressure reducing device on the first line is provided for reducing a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure gas state to a second low-pressure gas state. Valves are provided for stopping a flow of the refrigerant in a first low-pressure liquid state from a condensing stage to evaporators of the evaporator stage and directing a flow of the refrigerant in the second low-pressure gas state to release heat to defrost the evaporators and thereby changing phase at least partially to a second low-pressure liquid state. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the compressing stage, the condensing stage or the evaporator stage.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system of the type having a main refrigeration circuit operating a refrigeration cycle. The defrost refrigeration system comprises a first line extending from the first compressor to the evaporator stage and is adapted to receive a portion of discharged low-pressure refrigerant from the first compressor. Valves are provided for stopping a suction of cooling refrigerant in an evaporator of the evaporator stage and for directing a flow of defrost refrigerant to release heat to defrost the evaporator. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the expansion stage of the refrigeration cycle. A pressure reducing device is optionally positioned downstream of the condensing stage for adjusting a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure liquid state mixing with the defrost refrigerant having released heat.

Abstract: A sealing device for a modulating valve of the type having a valve body defining a flow passage, an inlet and outlets, a valve displaceable in the flow passage, and an actuator having an actuator rod rotatably coupled to the valve for displacing the valve in the flow passage. The sealing device comprises a body surrounding the actuator rod. A connector is adapted to secure the body of the sealing device to the valve body. Seals are provided between the body of the sealing device and the actuator rod arid between the body of the sealing device and the valve body, to prevent fluid flow therebetween. The body of the sealing device and the seals are adapted to conceal and contain fluid leaks, whereby no fluid is lost due to a leaking modulating valve.

Abstract: A refrigeration system of the type having a compression stage, a condensation stage, an expansion stage and an evaporation stage, comprising a first evaporator group in the evaporation stage. The first evaporator group has two or more evaporators. A first valve is positioned upstream of the evaporators of the first evaporator group. The first valve is closeable to stop a supply of refrigerant to the evaporators of the first evaporator group simultaneously for a subsequent air defrost of the evaporators of the first evaporator group.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system having a main refrigeration system and comprising a first line extending from a compressing stage to an evaporator stage and adapted to receive refrigerant in high-pressure gas state from the compressing stage. A first pressure reducing device on the first line is provided for reducing a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure gas state to a second low-pressure gas state. Valves are provided for stopping a flow of the refrigerant in a first low-pressure liquid state from a condensing stage to evaporators of the evaporator stage and directing a flow of the refrigerant in the second low-pressure gas state to release heat to defrost the evaporators and thereby changing phase at least partially to a second low-pressure liquid state. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the compressing stage, the condensing stage or the evaporator stage.

Abstract: A method for controlling a temperature-related refrigeration parameter of parallel evaporators of an evaporation stage of a refrigeration system within an operational range of the refrigeration parameter for the evaporators, with a control valve positioned between the evaporators and a compression stage in the refrigeration system to vary a suction effect of the compression stage on the evaporation stage and a sensors associated with each of the evaporators. The method comprises the steps of monitoring the temperature-related refrigeration parameter for each evaporator individually with their respective sensors; and modulating the control valve to vary the suction effect of the compression stage on the evaporators of the evaporator stage, as a response to a signal from any sensor detecting a refrigeration parameter value out of the operational range for any one of the evaporators, so as to return the refrigeration parameter value to the operational range.

Abstract: A condensing stage of a refrigeration system. The condensing stage comprises means for returning a portion of the refrigerant of the refrigeration system at a downstream end of the condensing stage in a high-pressure liquid state to an upstream end of the condensing stage, to mix the portion of refrigerant with refrigerant in the high-pressure gas state prior to being fed to the condensing stage so as to increase the amount of heat released by volume of refrigerant in the condensing stage.

Abstract: A refrigeration system of the type having a refrigeration cycle wherein a refrigerant undergoes compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation stages. The refrigeration system comprises an energy-storage stage in parallel to the evaporation stage between the expansion stage and the compression stage. The energy-storage stage has a container in which a medium is disposed in heat exchange relationship with the refrigerant such that the refrigerant absorbs heat from the medium. The medium is used in heat exchange thereafter to cause condensation of an air-conditioning refrigerant.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system having a main refrigeration system and comprising a first line extending from a compressing stage to an evaporator stage and adapted to receive refrigerant in high-pressure gas state from the compressing stage. A first pressure reducing device on the first line is provided for reducing a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure gas state to a second low-pressure gas state. Valves are provided for stopping a flow of the refrigerant in a first low-pressure liquid state from a condensing stage to evaporators of the evaporator stage and directing a flow of the refrigerant in the second low-pressure gas state to release heat to defrost the evaporators and thereby changing phase at least partially to a second low-pressure liquid state. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the compressing stage, the condensing stage or the evaporator stage.

Abstract: A sealing device for a modulating valve of the type having a valve body defining a flow passage, an inlet and outlets, a valve displaceable in the flow passage to control an opening of the flow passage, and an actuator having an actuator rod rotatably coupled to the valve for displacing the valve in the flow passage. The sealing device comprises a body surrounding the actuator rod of the modulating valve. Connection means are adapted to secure the body of the sealing device to the valve body. Sealing means are provided between the body of the sealing device and the actuator rod and between the body of the sealing device and the valve body, to prevent fluid flow therebetween. The body of the sealing device and the sealing means are adapted to conceal and contain fluid leaks between one of the valve and the actuator rod, and the valve body, whereby no fluid is lost due to a leaking modulating valve.

Abstract: A defrost refrigeration system having a main refrigeration system and comprising a first line extending from a compressing stage to an evaporator stage and adapted to receive refrigerant in high-pressure gas state from the compressing stage. A first pressure reducing device on the first line is provided for reducing a pressure of the refrigerant in the high-pressure gas state to a second low-pressure gas state. Valves are provided for stopping a flow of the refrigerant in a first low-pressure liquid state from a condensing stage to evaporators of the evaporator stage and directing a flow of the refrigerant in the second low-pressure gas state to release heat to defrost the evaporators and thereby changing phase at least partially to a second low-pressure liquid state. A second line is provided for directing the refrigerant having released heat to the compressing stage, the condensing stage or the evaporator stage.

Abstract: A refrigeration system having a main refrigeration circuit having a condensing stage, wherein a first refrigerant in a high pressure gas state is condensed at least partially to a liquid state. The condensing stage has a pair of stand-alone condensing stage closed loops in heat exchange relation with the main refrigeration circuit. The stand-alone condensing stage closed loops are parallel one to another and each comprise a second refrigerant circulating between at least a heat absorption stage, wherein the second refrigerant absorbs heat from the first refrigerant in the main refrigeration circuit so as to condense the first refrigerant to the liquid state, and a heat release stage, wherein the second refrigerant releases the absorbed heat. The condensing stage has modulating valves for selectively and quantitatively modulating the temperature of said first refrigerant and compressor head pressure.

Abstract: A high-speed evaporator defrost system is described. It comprises a defrost conduit circuit having valves for directing hot high pressure refrigerant gas from a discharge line of a compressor and through a refrigeration coil of an evaporator of a refrigeration system during a defrost cycle thereof, and back to a suction header of the compressor through a reservoir of the refrigeration system to remove any liquid refrigerant contained in the refrigerant gas prior to returning to the suction header. The reservoir has an internal pressure which is generally at the same pressure as that of a suction header of the compressor thereby creating a pressure differential across the refrigeration coil sufficient to accelerate the hot high pressure refrigerant gas in the discharge line through the refrigeration coil of the evaporator to quickly defrost the refrigeration coil. The reservoir is repressurized after the defrost cycle for using the reservoir in a refrigeration cycle.

Abstract: A stand-alone refrigeration enclosure is comprised of a sealed housing having a solid floor, a roof and sidewalls. Air conditioning equipment is provided in the housing to maintain an internal predetermined temperature range in the housing during seasonal periods. Refrigeration, electrical and auxiliary equipment is disposed in the housing and accessible for maintenance from outside the housing through access doors. Surveillance and monitoring equipment is also provided in the housing for remote visual access and control of the equipment. The housing is also provided with a shielding enclosure to shield a working person from inclement weather conditions when working on the equipment from outside the enclosure through access doors.

Abstract: A high-speed evaporator defrost system is comprised of a defrost conduit circuit connected to the discharge line of one or more compressors and back to the suction header through an auxiliary reservoir capable of storing the entire refrigerant load of the refrigeration system. Auxiliary reservoir is at low pressure and is automatically flushed into the main reservoir when liquid refrigerant accumulates to a predetermined level. The auxiliary reservoir of the defrost circuit creates a pressure differential across the refrigeration coil of the evaporators sufficient to accelerate the hot high pressure refrigerant gas in the discharge line through the refrigeration coil of the evaporator to quickly defrost the refrigeration coil even at low compressor head pressures and wherein the pressure differential across the coil is in the range of from about 30 p.s.i. to 200 p.s.i.

Abstract: A defrost system 10 for a refrigerated display counter 11 is described. The system 10 comprises a defrost conduit 14 which is adapted to be positioned in close proximity to a refrigeration coil 12 of a refrigerated display counter 11. A heat exchanger 13 has a housing 16 which is adapted to be secured above the refrigerated display counter. The housing is provided with a plurality of fans 18 for directing ambient air into the housing and out through exhaust port 20. A heat exchange coil 22 is provided in the housing 16 and is interconnected with the defrost conduit 14 and through which flows a liquid such as glycol. A pump 28 circulates the defrost liquid through the circuit 24-25 and control valves 26-27 are provided to arrest the liquid flow in a non-defrost mode. In the defrost mode the glycol is heated by the ambient air which is convected through the heat exchange housing 16 and the cool air 9 generated at the outlet ducts 20 is mixed with hotter ambient air. The system is energy efficient.

Abstract: A refrigerant reservoir (23') and heat exchanger unit (25) for a refrigerated counter (11) and method of reducing compressor load and lowering energy consumption of the refrigerated counter system is described. The refrigerant reservoir (23') and heat exchanger unit (25) comprises a reservoir having a heat exchanger section provided with a cooling coil (26) to cool liquid refrigerant from a condenser (14) as it enters into the reservoir (23'). The reservoir is secured in a cooled area of a refrigerated counter (11). The outlet (31) of the reservoir feeds an expansion valve (29) where the pressure of the liquid refrigerant is lowered to further cool the liquid refrigerant. The expansion valve (29) has an outlet (28) which is connected to the inlet (17) of the cooling coil (26) whereby the cool refrigerant liquid in a feedback path, cools refrigerant entering the reservoir.

Abstract: A high-efficiency refrigeration system (10) with total heat reclaim capacity comprises one or more compressors (11) for compressing a refrigerant gas to a desirable operating pressure. A bi-directional valve (14) communicates the compressed gas from the compressor (11) to condensers (19) for cooling the gas, when required, or to heat reclaim coils (21-23) to extract heat from the gas for heating air locally. A modulating valve (40) adjusts the pressure of the refrigerant gas at the compressors (11) and dependent on outside temperature. A refrigerant liquid/gas reservoir (28) receives liquid and vapor gas from the condensers (19) and the heat exchange coils (21-23) independently from one another whereby these liquid refrigerants will mix freely in the reservoir (28). A heat exchange coil (46) is connected between an outlet (45) of the refrigerant liquid/gas reservoir (28) and evaporators (48) whereby to cool liquid refrigerant gas from the reservoir to feed the evaporators.

Abstract: A cooling probe device for cooling oil in a refrigerating compressor is described. It comprises a housing having a coupling for connecting same to a connecting bore of a sealed oil casing of a refrigerating compressor with the housing supported exteriorly of the casing. A pair of refrigerant conduits extend through a chamber of the housing and exit through the coupling a predetermined distance and terminate in a probe to feed a refrigerant gas to the probe through a first of the conduits and out of the probe through a second of the conduits. The predetermined distance of the conduits constitutes a bendable support connection to position the probe immersed in oil contained in the sealed oil casing. The conduits are sealingly connected to the chamber of the housing.